Mid term test Flashcards
what are ribosomes
Nonmembranous organelles that are site of protein synthesis
Nonmembranous organelles that are site of protein synthesis
what is the cytoskeleton
Elaborate network of rods and proteins that support the cell
what are microfilaments
strands made of spherical actin protein
what are intermediate filaments
tough protein fibres constructed like woven rope made of tetramer
what are microtubules
hollow, tube like spherical proteins made of tubulin
whats the nucleus
contains the majority of the cells genetic material
It contains the blueprints to make new proteins and lipids
whats the Golgi apparatus
Stacked and flattened membranous cistern sacs
- Modifies, concentrates, sorts and packages proteins and lipids received from rough and smooth ER
what are peroxomes
Membranous sacs containing powerful detoxifying substances that neutralize toxins
Two main detoxifiers: oxidase uses oxygen to convert toxins to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which is itself toxic; however, peroxisome also contains catalase, which converts H2O2 to harmless water
Peroxisomes also play a role in breakdown and synthesis of fatty acids
what is Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum
Network of looped tubules continuous with rough ER but does not have any ribosomes attached to it
Functions:
Lipid metabolism; cholesterol and steroid-based hormone synthesis; making lipids for lipoproteins
Converting of glycogen to free glucose
Storage and release of calcium
what is phagocytosis
type of endocytosis that is referred to as “cell eating”
It is when the cell engulfs large particle
what is pinocytosis
type of endocytosis that is referred to as “cell drinking”
It is when the cell engulfs extracellular fluid
whats Transfer RNA (tRNA)
-Carries one amino acid
-Have a triplet code called the anticodon that allows each tRNA to carry only a specific amino acid
-It brings amino acids to mRNA
Process is referred to as translation
what are the 3 types of RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
