Test 2 Flashcards
Bradford Pear (Pyrus calleryana)
Leaves- Alternate, simple, ovate, Dark green; 1.5-3” long. Size and Growth rate- 30-50 ft high & 20-35 ft spread, Fast. Hardiness- Zones 5-9. Habit- Pyramidal in youth & broadens with time,Dense branching & foliage. Bark- Brown in youth; rigid & gray-brown with time, Horizontal checks, Blocky. Flowers- White; 3” corymbs, March, Pungent. Culture- Many soils; full sun, Tolerates drought & pollution. Landscape Value- Over-used; invasive, Flowers are nice, At 20 years: falls apart due to many branches on small length of trunk, Splits in half at weak limb unions.
Glossy abelia (Abelia x grandiflora)
Leaves- Opposite, simple, evergreen in South, Dark green above; 0.5-1.5” long, Bronze-green/purple/red in winter. Stem- Reddish purple to brown; fine texture, Pubescence. Size and Growth Rate- 3-6 ft high & wide, Medium to fast. Hardiness - Zones 6-9; 5 as a herb. perennial. Flowers- White flushed pink, Funnel-shaped; ¾-1 “ long, Long lasting; May/June through frost. Culture- Acid, well-drained soils,Full sun or partial shade, Drought tolerance. Habit-Spreading, dense, rounded,Multi-stemmed, arching branches; often leggy. Landscape Value- Great for texture, flowers, Massing or hedge use, Butterfly plant.
Japanese camellia (Camellia japonica)
Leaves- Alternate, simple, evergreen, serrate, Lush dark green; 2-4” long,Plastic texture. Stem- Rich brown, Black lenticels. Size and growth rate- 10-15 ft high x 6-10 ft wide, Slow. Hardiness- Zones 7-9. Habit-Dense; pyramidal, Stiff & formal. Flowers- Solitary, 3-6” across, White, pink, red, rose (many combos), Nov-April. Culture- High OM soils, Acid soils, Shallow roots need mulching, Partial shade. Landscape Value- True gem in South, Large shrubs, Winter color.
Sasanqua camellia (Camellia sasanqua)
Similar to C. japonica except for: Leaves- Smaller (1.5-3” long), Stems- Pubescent. Flowers-Smaller; open earlier-Sept-Dec. Habit- Smaller; 6-10 ft high, More open. Culture- Less cold hardy. Landscape Value- Considered more attractive. Popular cultivars- Kanjiro: Deep rose pink, Shishigashira (“Shi-Shi”): Rose and red; fall-winter bloom, and More compact, and Yuletide: Red flower with yellow stamens, More upright habit
White Fringetree/Grancy Gray-beard (Chionanthus virginicus)
Leaves- Opposite, simple, 3-8” long. Size and Growth rate- 12-20 ft high & wide in landscape, Slow. Bark-Gray; smooth when young then slight rigidity. Hardiness- Zones 4-9. Habit- Large shrub or small tree, Spreading, open, Often wider than high; many shapes. Culture- Moist, fertile, acid soils, Adapts well, Full sun to partial shade. Flowers- White, fragrant; April to June. Landscape Value- Showy flowers, Groups, borders, large buildings,Excellent replacement for dogwood.
Gardenia/Cape Jasmine (Gardenia jasminoides)
Leaves- Opposite or whorled, simple, evergreen, Leathery. Size and Growth rate- 4-6 ft high & wide, Medium. Hardiness: Zones 7-10. Flowers- Solitary, white, Extremely fragrant, May-July. Habit- Dense, rounded shrub. Culture- Acid, well-drained, high OM soils, Full sun to partial shade, Protect from extreme cold, Prune after flowering in late May/June (they set bud in July). Landscape Value- Fragrant flowers (near people areas), Great foliage.
Bigleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla)
Leaves- Opposite, simple; dentate margin, 4-8” long and 2.5-5” wide, Succulent; waxy, Early to leaf out (early/mid-March); deciduous, Can develop unsightly leaf spot disease prior to drop. Size and growth rate- 3-6 ft high; similar width, Fast. Hardiness- Zones 6-9, Late frost can kill new growth. Flowers- Blue or pink; colors can change w/ age, Late June-August, Prune after flowering. Habit- Rounded shrub, Erect, unbranched thick stems. Soil acidity influences flower color. pH 5.0-5.5 = blue. pH 6.0-6.5 = pink. Culture- Needs good moisture & well-drained soils, Sun or partial shade, Landscape value- Common shrub in South for flowers, Good choice on coast, Drab in winter.
Oakleaf hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia)
Leaves- Opposite, simple; 3-7 lobes; serrate, Dark green changing to red, orange-brown in fall, Deciduous; leaves can hold a while. Size & Growth rate- 4-8 ft high & that wide or wider,
Can sucker at roots, Slow to medium. Hardiness- Zones 5-9. Habit- Upright, slightly branched irregular shrub. Flowers- White; changing to purplish pink; then brown, Late May-July or later, Fragrant. Culture- Moist, fertile, well-drained soil, Sun or partial shade, Protect from extreme cold. Landscape value- Used for flowers & fall colors, Coarse texture, Unique specimen.
Southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)
Leaves- Alternate, simple, evergreen, entire, 5-10” long, Lush dark green on top, Rust color & pubescent on bottom. Size & Growth rate- Can get 60-80 ft high & 30-50 ft wide, Slow to medium. Habit- Dense columnar/pyramidal; low branching, Dwarf varieties available. Hardiness-Zones 6-10. Bark- Smooth gray.
Flowers- Creamy white, fragrant, 8-12” wide, May-June. Culture- Fertile, well drained soil; can tolerate high moisture, Sun or partial shade, May drop leaves w/ transplant shock. Landscape value- Widely used in South, Screen, grouping, hedge, Needs room to grow, Raking is a pain.
Sweet Olive (Osmanthus fragrans)
Leaves- Opposite, simple, evergreen, 2-5” long, Entire or fine dentate, Sharp taper at apex. Size & Growth rate-
Large shrub or small tree (20-30 ft), Slow to medium.
Hardiness- Zones 7-9, Bark, Smooth gray. Flowers- White & often hidden by leaves, Extremely fragrant, Early/mid-April. Culture- Moist, well-drained soil, Sun to partial shade, Takes pruning well. Landscape value- Needs space, Fragrant flowers, Great container plant (patio).
Japanese Spirea (Spiraea japonica)
Many cultivars; variable descriptions.Leaves-Alternate, simple, ovate-oblong, sharply serrated. Size & Habit- 4-5 ft high, Rounded, flattened, or erect branching, Twiggy shrub. Hardiness-Zones 4-8. Flowers- Range from white, pink, pinkish-red (cultivar?),
Flowers on new or old wood (cultivar?), Can into mid-late summer (cultivar?). Culture-
Prune early spring; before growth starts, Full sun or slight shade, No wet soils, Landscape value, Filler or low massing (planted in 3’s or 5’s).
Bridalwreath Spirea (Spiraea prunifolia)
Size & Habit- 4-8 ft high & 6-8 ft wide, Open, coarse, & straggly shrub, Leggy & spreading. Flowers-
White & 3-6 together, Appear in April, No fruit observed (so no seeds). Culture-Full sun to partial shade. Landscape value-Foundation planting, accent plat, screen.
River Birch (Betula nigra)
Leaves-Alternate, simple, 1.5-3.5” long, double serrated or shallowly lobed; deciduous. Bark- Peeling freely (exfoliating). Younger: cream, salmon, light brownish
Older: dark red to gray brown, furrowed, plate-like scales. Size & Growth rate-
40-70 ft high & 40-60 ft wide, Medium to fast.
Hardiness- Zones 3-9.
Habit- Pyramidal young & rounded with age, Trunk is divided into large arching branches near ground. Culture- Prefers moist area but can survive in drier soils,
Not drought tolerant, Great heat tolerance, Prune in summer or later (“bleeders” in spring), Landscape value, Can handle wetter areas, Nice bark, Limb dropper.
Chinese Fringe-flower (Loropetalum chinense)
Leaves- Evergreen, Green leaf cultivars, Reddish purple leaf cultivars. Stem-
Dense pubescence; brown.
Flowers- White to pink to fuchsia, Strap-shaped; ¾” long. Habit- Irregularly rounded shrub, Whip-like branches,Vase-like shape.
Culture- Does poorly in high pH soils, Tolerant of much pruning, Sun to partial shade. Landscape value-Borders, grouped, single, Loses some identity when heavily pruned.
Crapemyrtle (Lagerstroemia indica)
Leaves- Can be opposite, slight alternate, or whorled, Simple, entire; 1-2.5” long, Traditional fall colors; deciduous. Hardiness- Zones (6) 7-9. Size & Growth rate- Normal = 15-25 ft; highly variable (18” & up). Fast. Habit-Shrub or small tree, Multi-stemmed, Cloud of foliage on upper portion, Leafless basal portion. Bark- Gray & exfoliating, Shades of brown to gray underneath. Flowers- 1-1.5” wide on 6-8” long panicles, White, pink, purple, deep red (cultivar?), End the year’s growth. Culture- Full sun, Attracts diseases & insects. Landscape value-Beautiful shrub/tree, Often grouped with shade tolerant shrubs or groundcover underneath, Flowers, fall color, & bark. Crape Murder! Multiple weaker shoots result from a cut area. Pruning- Pencil prune to a size no smaller than small finger, Not to fist sized & larger; results in long, weak, arching shoots, Pruning can be done late winter/early spring, Selective pruning done anytime; abrasive limbs or non-uniform, Aug-Dec = reduced cold hardiness (research), Flowers grow on new wood.
