Plant Morphology

Question 1

Parallel

Answer 1

veins parallel to leaf axis​

Question 2

Pinnate

Answer 2

net venation with veins extending from mid-rib​

Question 3

Palmate

Answer 3

net venation with major veins diverging from the petiole and leaf blade union​

Question 4

Leaf

Answer 4

whole organ of photosynthesis​

Question 5

Petiole

Answer 5

leaf stalk​- Connects leaf to stem

Question 6

Stipule

Answer 6

leaf-like basal structure at petiole/base of leaf stalk

Question 7

Bud

Answer 7

growing point (tissue)​, Can become a leaf or flower, Stage for growing point during winter.

Question 8

Midrib

Answer 8

main vein through center of leaf​

Question 9

Node

Answer 9

joint on stem​, Point of origin of leaf or bud, May show ring or leaf scar.

Question 10

Compound leaf

Answer 10

leaf with 2 or more leaflets​

Question 11

Leaflet

Answer 11

foliar element of a compound leaf​

Question 12

Petiolule

Answer 12

leaflet stalk

Question 13

Rachis

Answer 13

axis bearing leaflets​

Question 14

Secondary leaflet

Answer 14

also known as “pinnule”​

Question 15

Rachilla

Answer 15

secondary leaflet axis​

Question 16

Opposite

Answer 16

leaves directly across from each other on stem

Question 17

Alternate

Answer 17

leaves spaced in alternate fashion along stem​

Question 18

Whorled

Answer 18

three or more leaves present at node​

Question 19

Gymnosperm leaf types

Answer 19

Awl-like, Scale-like, Needle-like

Question 20

Ovate leaf shape

Answer 20

egg-shaped; broadest below middle​

Question 21

Obovate leaf shape

Answer 21

broadest above middle; inverse of ovate

Question 22

Lanceolate leaf shape

Answer 22

much longer than wide; broadest below middle; tapers to apex

Question 23

Oblanceolate leaf shape

Answer 23

broadest above middle; tapers to petiole; inverse of lanceolate​

Question 24

Cordate leaf shape

Answer 24

heart-shaped; sinus & rounded lobes at petiole​

Question 25

Obcordate leaf shape

Answer 25

sinus & rounded lobes at apex; inverse of cordate​

Question 26

Elliptical leaf shape

Answer 26

broadest in middle & tapered at both ends; football-shaped

Question 27

Oblong leaf shape

Answer 27

longer than broad; rectangular; sides almost parallel​

Question 28

Cuneate leaf shape

Answer 28

narrowly tapered at petiole; then gradually broadens before apex; wedge-shaped

Question 29

Linear leaf shape

Answer 29

long & narrow; like grass blade; no abrupt taper​

Question 30

Peltate leaf shape

Answer 30

petiole attached under leaf base; shield-shaped​

Question 31

Spatulate leaf shape

Answer 31

gradually widens from petiole with abrupt rounding at apex; spoon-shaped​

Question 32

Reniform leaf shape

Answer 32

broad; wider than high; kidney-shaped​

Question 33

Hastate leaf shape

Answer 33

basal lobes near petiole pointed outwards; near 90° to midrib; arrowhead-shaped​

Question 34

Entire leaf margin

Answer 34

smooth around entire margin

Question 35

Crenate leaf margin

Answer 35

rounded teeth​

Question 36

Dentate leaf margin

Answer 36

triangular teeth; apex perpendicular to margin; tend to be symmetrical ​

Question 37

Serrate leaf margin

Answer 37

saw-like teeth pointing forward

Question 38

Doubly-serrate leaf margin

Answer 38

saw-like teeth have even smaller teeth ​

Question 39

Serrulate leaf margin

Answer 39

like serrate but smaller evenly spaced teeth

Question 40

Lobed leaf margin

Answer 40

deep, rounded edges; lobed margin

Question 41

Sinuate leaf margin

Answer 41

wavy margin