Test 2 Flashcards
what vitamin is an antioxidant, defender against free radicals, protects lipids in membrane
vitamin E
which vitamin could be a potential treatment for periodontitis
vitamin D
what trace mineral has very similar oral symtoms to B vitamins
iron
In adults, common side effects include weight loss, constipation, raised cholesterol levels and, in women, menstrual irregularities including amenorrhoea, also acidosis and hypoglycemia-these affects come from what type of diet
ketogenic diet
megadoses of what three water soluble vitamin derivatives is harmful
niacin, B6, vitamin c
what is the thing that most influences caries
fequency of consumption of sugars
which viatmins are
Generally used as coenzymes and energy production
water soluble vitamins
ketogenic low carb diets can put stress on what organ
kidney
an acute form of childhood protein-energy malnutrition characterized by edema, swollen stomach
Kwashiorkor
what vitamin catalyzes the synthesis of prothrombin (blood clotting)
vitamin K
what are the 4 possible mechanisms that fats provide oral health
oily lipid layer covering teeth, reduces food retention
fatty layer over plaque prevents fermentable sugars to be reduced to acid
high concentration of fatty acids interfere with bacteria
increase in dietary fat decreases intake of fermentable carbs
defincency in what vitamin leads to gout, scurvy (under 10 mg)
vitamin C
Vit a promotes health of the epithelial cells and oral structures true or false
true
deficiency in what acid result in anemia, mental confusion, glossitis, red swollen tongue
folic acid
calcium salts form crystals to form what in teeth
hydroxyapatite
a protein that lacks one or more essential amino acids is
an incomplete protein
what is perscribed for PMS, found in muscle
B6
soluble in fat, insoluble in water, stored in adipose tissue, function as hormones is
fat soluble vitamins
zinc can lead to what disease
dwarfism
The deficiency of what vitamin is likely to cause gum ponpoint hemorrhaging
vitamin C
vitamins that function as co enzymes
water soluble
how many calories in a pound
3500
what is the substrate used by oral bacterias to produce acids that decalcify tooth decay
fermentable sugars
what is a sweetener that does not contribute to caries
aspartame
which type of fat is most helpful for the body
monounsaturated fats
appearance of calciotraumatic line in dentin is due to a lack of what vitamin
D
four function of proteins
growth, enzymes, hormones, antibodies
Inflammation , chelosis, and smooth shiny red swollen tongue are signs of
vitamin B deficiency
type of mineral that is uncommon and is needed in low amounts according to RDA (zinc, copper, magnesium)
trace minerals
lack of vitamin A can lead to
poor vision and keritinization of skin
breakdown of protein tissues to make glucose
gluconeogenisis
how are caries produced by Carbs (4 steps)
-fermentable sugars and starches broken down in mouth,
- metabolize into acid by oral bacteria,
- acids dissolve tooth enamel,
- and use sugars to make plaque
type of mineral needed in high amounts to sustain normal cell function (sodium, calcium, phosphorus, potassium)
macrominerals
What is the most chronic disease of 5-17 yr olds
dental caries
what is a disease caused by chronic starvation
Marasmus
most common nutrition disease in world is
protein deficiency
when the body makes ketone bodies from fat what is that called
ketosis
vitamin with most ramification for oral health
vitamin B
riboflaven is what B vitamin
B2
What vitamin deficiency likely to produce pertichia
vitamin C
CHO carbohydartes facilitate oxidation of what molecules
fats
Promotes growth and repairs of body tissues, bone formation and healthy skin and hair. Essential for night vision.
Vitamin A
which vitamin has a principal action of raising blood concentration of calcium and phosphorus
Vitamin D
which vitamin is an antioxidant
vitamin E
less mucous, cleft palate, reduced saliva is a result of what vitamin deficiency
vitamin A
Malnutrition affects periodontal disease by decreasing
salvitory flow
what macromineral functions in mineralization of bones and teeth
calcium
what vitamin promotes health of oral structures, promotes bone remodeling, maintains health of epithelial cells of skin
vitamin A
decreased salvitory production of glands, hyperkeritinization of mucous glands, less mucus formed and cleft palate(result of deficiency and excess) are all ORAL HEALTH issues that deal with what vitamin
A
what vitamins are fat soluble
A, D, K , E
protein malnutrition can lead to (5)
overcrowding of mouth
hypoplasia
reduced resistance to perio disease
delayed eruption
reduced immunity
hypoplasia of enamel and dentin is a major result of what vitamin deficiency
D
what are two examples of water soluble vitamins
vitamins B , C
a potentially harmful fatty acid
trans fatty acids
swollen, smooth bright red tounge is a difficency in what
vitamin B
low birth weight in infants is associated with what disease
periodontal disease
what vitamin supports bone formation, raise blood concentration of calcium and phosphorus, hormone
vitamin D
1 vitamin related to vision found in carrots and mangos,
also found in hair and nails
vitamin A
protein RDA in g/kg of body weight
0.8 g/kg
bones dont calcify, rickets (skeletal deformities), osteomalacia (adult rickets) are produced from a deficiency of what vitamin
D
Carbs and fats reduce cariogenicity by doing what two things when eaten together
raises oral pH, reduces retention of Carbs
which vitamin promotes vision, promotes bone remodeling, promotes health of oral structures
Vitamin A
what is most cariogenic
apple juice in babies bottle
what is true about herbal remedies
they dont all have the same amount
increases tooth mineralization, remineralization and bone density
flouride
retinoids and carotenoid are sources of what vitamin
vitamin A
periodontal disease can be caused by
megadoses
energy production vitamins, also found in citric acid (TCA) cycle
B vitamin
what is perscribe to lower cholesterol
niacin
dry mouth, gingival swelling or bleeding, burning sensation in roof of mouth, redness of oral mucosa are manifestations of what disease
diabetes
principal action of what vitamin is to raise blood concentration of calcium and phosphorus
vitamin D
what are the three nutritive sweeteners
sorbitol, manoitol and xylitol
vitamins that function as hormones
fat soluble
what is the RDA for protein in men and women
Men is 56 g and femal is 46 g
what is the RDA of vitamin C for male and female
75 mg (non smoking) 100-110 for smoking adult
Four notes from surgeon general report
- large oral health disparities exist in USA
- life styles that affect overall health also affect oral and craniofacial health
- effective measures exist to prevent the two most common oral diseases, periodontitis and caries
- oral diseases in and of themselves affect overall well being
least cariogenic sweetener
aspartame
a protein that contains all 9 of the essential amino acids
complete protein
bleeding of gums, loose teeth results from deficiency in what
vitamin C
which three vitamins have known toxicity
A and D, C
what molecules are responsible for mineralization and calcification of bone and teeth
Lipids
