Test 2 #1 Flashcards
things that you see, hear, and touch are ______ stimuli
exteroceptive
the erector spinal is innervated by neurons found in the ______
medial ventral horn
rent in kansas apartment
100
where are alpha motor neurons found?
gray matter of spinal cord
proprioceptive sensation of the lower limb is carried by which tract?
gracile
sensory information arriving at one side of the body or head typically reaches the cerebral cortex of the contralateral side. The axons that cross the midline to accomplish this are the axons of
2nd order neurons
what tract turns your head in response to a stimulus?
tectospinal
the nucleus dorsalisls is located in the spinal cord at the segmental levels of
T1-L2
most reflexes are simple and require synapses within only one spinal segment. Which reflex requires synapses over several spinal segments?
withdrawal reflex
which does not contain corticobular fibers?
lateral corticospinal
which contain descending upper motor fibers?
all the above
pathway carries pain sensation to the cerebrum?
spinothalamic
a 58 year old woman complains of left hand weakness that she noticed while planting flowers in her garden. Neurological examination indicates weak wrist and finger flexion and extension. She also has weakness abducting and adducting and opposing her thumb. all other motor and sensory tests are normal.
Right precentral gyrus
52 y/o woman unable to mover her left leg visits your office. Sensory modalities infall her limbs are retained and there appears to be no sign of weakness in any of her other limbs. In which of the following structures are the cell bodies of lower motor neuron innervating the lower limb are located?
Lammina VIII and IX
where do the fibers of the anterior corticospinal tract cross?
midline of the spinal cord
a 63 year old man has a loss of discriminative touch, vibratory sense and proprioception on his right arm. Where are the cell bodies for a second order neurons in the pathway located?
cuneate nucleus
lamina of the rexed (spinal lamina of the gray matter) that collectively form the posterior horn are
I-VI
a stimultaneous and opposite pattern of activity in the contralateral limb is known as
crossed effects
35 year old roofer is examine in the emergency department after falling two stories and landing abdomen first on a barrel. Reveals weakness and loss of pain and temperature sensation in the left and right lower limbs. What area of the CNS is most likely involved?
anterior spinal cord
the area of skin that is innervated by a single nerve and it’s receptors is called a
receptive field
what are the posterior columns?
gracile and cuneate fascicles
crossing fibers originating from the gracile nucleus is called?
Internal arcuate fiers
erector spinae is innervated by neurons in the
medial ventral horn
the posterior spinocerebeller tract originates from which nucleus?
dorsal thoracic
Neurons in the spinal ganglia are
pseudounipolar
why is the cervical region of the spinal cord the largest?
in the most amount of white matter
what is the primary transmitter secreted at the NMJ?
acetylecholine
receptor from internal stimuli
interoceptor eg stomach pain/BP
nociceptor
responds to pain
light touch/rapidly adapting receptor
follicular
touch differences in touch, slow adapting e.g. holding a pencil
merk’s
vibration
pacinian
reticular formation
pons
noxious, pain, thermal goes on what tract?
Spinothalamic (lateral)
dermatome of upper arm
C7
Stimulus of a stretch receptor
Gamma
Type of nocioceptor
Free nerve ending
Follicular receptor
mechanoreceptor
Posterior spinocerebellar tract nucleus
dorsal thoracic nucleus
Muscle spindle in an example
Stretch receptor
Upper arm injury to guy in…
cuneate fasciculus
pain sensation to the cerebellum
Spinothalamic
does not contain corticobulber fibers
pyramid
patellar reflex is an example of
myostatic
fibers cross
withdrawal reflex
gracile fasciculus/nucleus located in
DRG
Fibers of gracile fascicles cross at
internal arcuate fibers
