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CNS > Test 1 #2 > Flashcards

Test 1 #2 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ is just a cell and is the basic functional unit of the nervous system

A

Neuron

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2
Q

Types of neurons (3)

A

pseudounipolar
bipolar
multipolar

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3
Q

_____ is the most typical type of neuron

A

Multipolar

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4
Q

______ neuron is usually associated with sensory

A

Bipolar

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5
Q

Bipolar examples (3)

A

retinal
cochlear
vestibular

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6
Q

____ are actually modified bipolar cells

A

Pseudounipolar

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7
Q

Pseudounipolar examples (2)

A

DRG

trigeminal ganglio

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8
Q

Afferent means _____, efferent means _____, _____ is the most common

A

towards, away, interneuron

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9
Q

Function of a neuron can be (3)

A

excitatory
inhibitory
transmittors

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10
Q

Original view of nervous system was that is was similar to the _____ system

A

circulatory

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11
Q

____ created the neuron doctrine in the 1900’s, but wasn’t proven until the 1960’s. He is also considered the father of neuroanatomy

A

Ramone Kahal

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12
Q

The most well known proponent of the reticular doctrine was ______

A

Camillo Golgi

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13
Q

Makes a nerve cell special (2)

A

carries signal over distances

goes though 2 main fibers (dendrite, axon)

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14
Q

_____ transport is down the axon, _____ is back up the axon

A

Anterograde, retrograde

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15
Q

____ are how neurons communicate with one another

A

synapses

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16
Q

____ is the most common synapse, second most common is _____

A

Axodendritic, axosomatic

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17
Q

_____ axon to cell body
_____ cell body to cell body
_____ axon to axon
_____ dendrite to dendrite

A

axosomatic
somatosomatic
axoaxonic
dendrodendritic

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18
Q

Electrical transmission is by _____ transmission via gap junctions

A

somatosomatic

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19
Q

____ transmission is the most common

A

Chemical

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20
Q

The chemical transmission is packaged in vesicles made of

A

phospholipid

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21
Q

The ____ is NOT the only cell in the nervous system

A

neuron

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22
Q

____ is nerve glue of supporting cells

A

Neuroglia

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23
Q

Myelinated fibers: Schwann cell is found in the _____, Oligodendrocytes are found in the _____

A

PNS, CNS

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24
Q

In the PNS the gaps betweeen Schwann cells is called the _____

A

Node of Ranvier

25
Q

____ myelinate only one fiber, while _____ myelinate several

A

Schwann cells, Oligodendrocytes

26
Q

_____ act as the immune system of the nervous system and are phagocytotic in nature

A

____ myelinate only one fiber, while _____ myelinate several

27
Q

____ are the endothelial cells of the nervous system and are the most numerous

A

Astrocytes

28
Q

Roles of astrocytes (2)

A

role in the blood brain barrier

role in how neuron metabolizes

29
Q

Ependymal cells are _____ cells and multiply _____

A

epithelial, slowly

30
Q

Ependymal cells are epithelial cells, but more precisely they are ______ cells and line the _____

A

pseudostratified ciliated, ventricles

31
Q

Ependymal cells make CSF and are considered possible _____

A

stem cells

32
Q

_____ cells act like an octopus

A

Oiigodendrocytes

33
Q

If there is a myelination defect in oligodendrocytes, it could cause ____

A

MS

34
Q

____ is the beginning of the nervous system development. It isn’t the first system to develop, the _____ develops first

A

Neurulation, circulatory

35
Q

The notochord develops during the ____ week

A

3rd(maybe 4th)

36
Q

During neurulation, _____ occurs and the cells of the ectoderm migrate _____

A

induction, medially

37
Q

____ provides the axial skeleton before the real axial skeleton develops

A

Notochord

38
Q

Layers of the notochord (3)

A

ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm

39
Q

Ectoderm, the top layer develops (4)

A

skin, hair, nervous system, brain

40
Q

Mesoderm develops (3)

A

muscle
bone
connective tissue

41
Q

Endoderm develops (3)

A

lining associated with:
respiratory system
vascular system
digestive system

42
Q

Notochord signals the ectoderm to migrate medially which forms the _____

A

neural plate

43
Q

The neural plate sinks to form the _____.

A

neural groove

44
Q

The ridge is called the _____,

A

neural fold

45
Q

The peak of the neural fold is _____

A

neural crest

46
Q

Neural fold comes together to form the _____

A

neural tube

47
Q

Neural tube forms the _____, neural crest forms the _____

A

CNS, PNS

48
Q

Front of the neural tube expands to form the _____

A

proencephalon

49
Q

The second expansion of the neural tube forms the _____ . In between the two expansion the ______ forms. The rest forms the _____

A

rhombencephalon, mesencephalon, spinal cord

50
Q

If the caudal neuropores do not form, ____ results, if the cranial neuropores don’t form, _____ results

A

spina bifida, anencephaly

51
Q

In the 5th week, the _____ expands laterally and quickly

A

prosencephalon

52
Q

Prosencephalon forms the (2)

A

telencephalon

diencephalon

53
Q

Telencephalon
Outer layer ____
deep to the outer layer _____
embedded in the layer that is deep to outer layer _____

A

cortex
white matter
subcortical nuclei (corpus striatum)

54
Q

Part of prosencephalon that does not expand as quickly forms ______

A

diencephalon

55
Q

Diencephalon forms _____

A

every thalamus name

56
Q

In the mesencephalon, the structure anteriorly is the _____ and the structure dorsally is the _____

A

cerebral peduncle, tectum

57
Q

The tectum has 4 little bumps called _____

A

colliculi

58
Q

Rhombencephalon expands anteriorly forming the _____ and posteriorly to form the ______

A

pons , cerebellum

CNS (15 decks)

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