CNS test 2-Spinal reflexes

Question 1

predictable response to a stimulation that is unconscious, few synapses are involved and does not go up to the cortex

Answer 1

spinal reflex

Question 2

functional unit of the motor system, and alpha motor neuron with all its branches and muscle fibers it innervates.

Answer 2

motor unit

Question 3

parts of a motor unit (4)

Answer 3

1. NMJ
2. axon
3. cell body
4. muscle fibers

Question 4

as we age we lose motor neurons centrally and peripherally from the ______ and _____

Answer 4

brain stem, spinal cord

Question 5

as we age movement becomes less ____

Answer 5

precise (lose motor neurons centrally and peripherally)

Question 6

enlargement at the end of an axon that fits inside of a groove in the muscle, achetylcholine excites it

Answer 6

motor end plate (sole plate)

Question 7

sensory innervation of skeletal muscle (2)

Answer 7

extrafusal fibers

muscle spindle

Question 8

extrafusal fibers

Answer 8

ordinary muscle cells constituting the majority of the muscle, their stimulation results in muscle contraction, alpha motor neurons

Question 9

Muscle Spindle

Answer 9

composed of intrafusal fibers, dispersed throughout the muscle.

Question 10

muscle spindle has __-__ fibers

Answer 10

2-12

Question 11

all nuclei in muscle spindle fibers are located in _______ and ______

Answer 11

central non-contractile region

contractile portion at ends

Question 12

______ fibers wrap around the nuclear region of spindal fibers

Answer 12

afferent

Question 13

_____ fibers go to contractile region of

Answer 13

efferent (gamma motor neurons)

Question 14

primary afferent responds to

Answer 14

The rate of stretch

Question 15

secondary afferent responds to the

Answer 15

degree of stretch

Question 16

Non-contractile region formations

Answer 16

1. nuclear bag

2. nuclear chain

Question 17

nuclear bag

Answer 17

nuclear are all clustered together

Question 18

nuclear chain

Answer 18

nuclei lined up the center

Question 19

____ muscle spindle activation is produced by fusiform fibers, conscious and maintaining contraction

Answer 19

active

Question 20

____ muscle spindle activation is unconscious (knee jerk reaction)

Answer 20

passive

Question 21

monosynaptic passive activation is

Answer 21

excitatory

Question 22

polysynaptic passive activation is

Answer 22

inhibitory to antagonistic muscle

Question 23

found in muscle tendon junction responds to tension on the tendon

Answer 23

Golgi tendon organ

Question 24

prevents tearing of the muscle from the bone, measures the force of contraction, protects the muscle from excessive contraction

Answer 24

golgi tendon organ

Question 25

disynaptic and excites antagonistic muscle

Answer 25

golgi tendon organ

Question 26

free ending unmylinated nerve fibers in the ligaments, capsules, menisci

Answer 26

joint innervation

Question 27

sensory information from joints, muscle and skin are integrated in the _____

Answer 27

parietal lobe