Test 11/24/14 Flashcards
What did Watson and crick do
Developed double helix DNA structure
What is DNA made up of
Sugar-phosphate backbone
Nitrogen bases
Hydrogen bonds
What are the types of RNA
Messenger
Ribosomal
Transfer
What does mRNA do
Carries the information from the DNA to the cytoplasm
What does the rRNA do
Helps produce enzymes that bond amino acids together
What does tRNA do
Transports amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into protein
What does helicase do
Breaks down the hydrogen bonds
During transcription…
The nucleotides are freed and begin pairing with the complimentary strand
Where does the mRNA go during transcription
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
During translation the RNA goes from what
Proteins
Where does translation occur
Ribosomes
What type of RNA is used in translation
tRNA
The mRNA sequence bonds with what
tRNA anticodons
A codon is made up of how many amino acids
3
What is an anticodon
The corresponding amino acids to mRNA
What are the types of mutations
Gene
Chromosomal
How many types of mutations are there
2
What are the causes of gene mutations
Point mutations Substitutions Insertions Deletions Frameshift
What are point mutations
Change in 1 or more of the nucleotides
What is substitutions
Base is changed into another
What is insertions
Base is inserted into DNA sequence
What is deletions
Base is removed
What is frameshift
Changes how codons are read
What are the causes of chromosomal mutations
Deletions
Duplications
Inversions
Translocations
