Test 1 Vocab Flashcards
Nutrition
The science of how living organisms obtain and use food to support processes required for life.
Nutritional Scientist
A person who conducts and/or evaluates nutrition-related research
Dietitian
A nutritionist who helps people make healthy dietary choices
Nutritional Sciences
A broad spectrum of academic and social disciplines related to nutrition
Nutrient
A substances in foods used by the body of energy, maintenance of body structures, or regulation of chemical processes
Essential Nutrient
A substance that must be obtained from the diet, because the body needs it and cannot make it in required amounts
Nonessential Nutrient
A substance found in food and used by the body to promote health but not required to be consumed in the diet
Conditionally essential nutrient
Normally nonessential nutrient that, under certain circumstances, becomes essentail
Macronutrients
Water, Carbs, proteins, water, lipids. Nutrients that we need to consume in relatively large quantities; more than 1 gram a day
Micronutrients
Nutrients that we need to consume in relatively small quantities. Less than one gram a day. Vitamins and Minerals
Organic Compound
A substance that cottons carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-hydrogen bongs. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins
Inorganic Compound
A substance that does not contains carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Water and minerals
Certifies Organic Foods
plant and animal food that have been grown, harvested, and processed without conventional pesticides, fertilizers, growth promoters, bioengineering, or ionizing radiation.
Phytochemical
A substance found in plants and thought to benefit human health above and beyond the provision of essential nutrients and energy
Zoonutrient
A substance found in animal food and thought to benefit human health above and beyond the provision of essential nutrients and energy
Functional Food
A food that contains enhanced levels of an essential nutrias, phytochemical, or zoo nutrient and thought to benefit human health
Energy
the capacity to do work
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate. A chemical used by the body to perform work
Energy- yielding nutrient
A nutrient that the body can use to produce ATP
Calorie
A unit of mean use used to express the amount of energy in a food
Kilocalorie
(kcal or Calorie) 1,000 calories
bomb calorimeter
A device used to measure the amount of energy in a food
Lifestyle Factor
Behavioral component of out lives over which we may or may not have control (such as diet and tobacco use)
Environmental Factor
An element or variable in our surroundings over which we may or may not have control (such as pollution or climate)
Genetic Factor
An inherited element or variable in out lives that cannot be altered
