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Test 1 Review Flashcards

0
Q

asylum

A

institution for care of mentally ill

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1
Q

assertive community training (ACT)

A

way of delivering comprehensive and effective services to people with severe mental illness

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2
Q

community

A

group of people who share common characteristics

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3
Q

community mental health

A

development and delivery of programs for defined group of people

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4
Q

culture

A

thoughts, actions, customs, beliefs of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups
-based on way of life

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5
Q

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

A

standard manual used for diagnosis of mental disorders
“bible of mental health”
DSM-IV is most recent we use

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6
Q

Disability adjusted life year (DALY)

A

measure that expresses years of life lost to premature death and years lived with disability due to mental illness

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7
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

electroshock treatment in which seizures are induced for therapeutic effect
-used to treat severe major depression unresponsive to other treatment

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8
Q

lobotomy

A

surgical technique that involves making an incision in the frontal lobe, severing several nerve tracts

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9
Q

mental disorders

A

characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and impaired functioning

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10
Q

mental health

A

successful performance of mental function

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11
Q

mental health problems

A

signs and symptoms of insufficient intensity or duration to meet criteria for mental disorder

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12
Q

mental illness

A

umbrella term for all mental disorders

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13
Q

psychopathology

A

study of origin, development, and manifestations of mental or behavioral disorders

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14
Q

public health

A

prevention of disease and promotion of health by govt agencies thats concerned with health of community

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15
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A

mood disorder in which people have normal health but have depressive symptoms during certain times of the year, usually winter

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16
Q

somatic

A

from greek word soma meaning body

alterations in nonmental functions

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17
Q

behavioral therapy

A

psychotherapy that seeks to stop or inhibit abnormal behavior with positive and negative reinforcement

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18
Q

biopsychosocial model of disease

A

model that states that biological, psychological, and social factors all play a role in health and illness

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19
Q

cognitive therapy

A

psychological therapy in which cognition is seen as most significant factor in psychological problems

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20
Q

crisis hotline

A

phone number you can call to get immediate emergency counseling over the phone by trained volunteers

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21
Q

curanderismo

A

traditional folk healer or shaman in Hispanic culture

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22
Q

delusion

A

false belief or opinion

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23
Q

disease

A

conditions with known pathology (detectable physical change)

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24
disorder
clusters of symptoms and signs associated with distress and disability with unknown pathology and etiology
25
naturopathy
drugless system of therapy based on use of physical forces such as heat, water, light, air, and massage
26
pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus (PANDAS)
psychiatric disorder that entails sudden onset of symptoms like those of OCD following strep, caused by autoimmune reactions
27
psychosis
symptom or feature of mental illness usually characterized by radical changes in personality, impaired functioning, and distorted sense of reality
28
tourette syndrome
neurologic condition that causes person to make vocal or motor tics that they can't control
29
minority
refers collectively to people who identify as African American, American Indians, Asian Americans, and Hispanic Americans
30
race
physical characteristics and genetic or biological makeup
31
ethnicity
groups whose members identify based on common heritage | -based on background
32
heritage
history, language, music and food preferences
33
ethnocentricity
false notion that some races are superior to others
34
idioms of distress
characteristic models of expressing suffering | ex) some cultures suppress emotions
35
culture-bound syndromes
clusters of symptoms more common in some cultures
36
ethnopsychopsychiatry
cultural psychiatry | examining how social, cultural, and biological contexts interact to shape reactions
37
ethnopsychopharmacology
cultural variations and differences that influence effectiveness of pharmacotherapies
38
cultural competence
ability to interact with people of different cultures 4 components 1. awareness of worldview 2. attitude of cultural differences 3. knowledge of different cultural practices 4. cross-cultural skills
39
What was mental health often associated with in the past?
the supernatural
40
What did people in the past think caused mental illnesses?
demons or possession
41
Moral Treatment Movement
(1800-1850) - said they needed an asylum away from everyday activities to heal - bad quality - William Tuke, Dorothea Hix, and Horace Mann
42
Mental Hygiene Movement
(1890-1920) - Adolf Meyer and Clifford Beers - mental illness can be cured if treated early - lobotomy and ECT, quality still deteriorating
43
Community Mental Health Movement
(1955-1970) - long term stay was harmful and ineffective, led to decreased hospital stay length - led to Medicare and Medicaid benefits such as nursing homes and psychiatric units - community did not welcome discharged patients
44
Community Support Movement
(1975-present) - support system to address welfare needs - ACT helps severe patients with welfare needs - lack of insurance, access barriers, and discrimination
45
Adjustment Disorder
emotional or behavioral symptoms within 3 mos. of stressful event or situation and continued for no more than 6 mos. symptoms: depressed or anxious mood, isolation, physical complaints
46
Anxiety Disorders
uncomfortable and subjective feeling that occurs in response to fear of certain objects or situations physical signs: high blood pressure, shortness of breath, eye twitch, sweating, rapid heartbeat -GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, social anxiety, agoraphobia)
47
generalized anxiety disorder
GAD constant worrying about everyday things progresses to preoccupation
48
post traumatic stress disorder
PTSD hyper alertness, flashbacks, aggressive behavior, numb to emotions, etc resulting from witnessing a traumatic event -usually within first 3 mos. of event
49
obsessive-compulsive disorder
OCD obsession-unwanted, repetitive thoughts compulsion-behaviors or thoughts, can't help but do them the behaviors dominate life
50
panic disorder
disorganized thinking and overwhelming feeling of fear - situations of high stress - sudden attack that peaks within 10-15 mins
51
agoraphobia
fear of being away from somewhere familiar or being alone in public
52
Cognitive Disorders
affect memory, perception, problem solving result from mental deterioration -delirium, dementia, amnesia
53
delirium
- decreased awareness of environment - attention and memory impairment - altered perception
54
dementia
-impaired memory, judgment, intellectual function, and abstract thinking
55
amnesia
short and long term memory problems inability to recall previously learned info apathy
56
Dissociative Disorders
change in awareness of behavior, memories, identity, and personality consistency 2+ personalities, each with own memory and values symptoms: "spacey" and dramatic changes in way they act
57
Eating Disorders
extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors involving weight and food - anorexia, bulimia, binge eating - women and athletes particularly at risk
58
Factitious Disorders
physical and/or emotional symptoms intentionally experienced in order to place individual in role of person in need of help
59
Impulse Control and Addiction Disorders
unable to resist urges to perform acts that could be harmful - begin ignoring responsibilities and relationships - pyromania, kleptomania, compulsive gambling - alcohol and drugs common objects of addiction
60
Mood disorders
disturbances in emotional, behavioral, and physical patterns - range from extreme low to extreme elation (depression, mania) symptoms: problems with memory and concentration, fatigue, grandiosity, apathy - depression, mania, bipolar, SAD
61
Depression
symptoms: in a 2 week period-loss of interest, fatigue, insomnia or hypersomnia, activity changes, recurrent suicidal thoughts - genetic predisposition
62
Bipolar Disorder
cycle between mania and depression rapidly or slowly | -manic symptoms: constant enthusiasm, grandiose delusions, word salad, flight of ideas, buying sprees
63
Personality Disorders
extreme and inflexible personality traits that are distressing - may not understand effects of behavior - manipulative, impulsive, self centered, controlling - antisocial, paranoid, schizoid, etc
64
Paranoid personality disorder
distrust and suspiciousness everyone is against them carry grudges and easily angered
65
Schizoid personality disorder
(SZPD) loners, social interaction increases anxiety blunt affect, often take solitary jobs and have no close friends
66
Schizotypal personality disorder
(STPD) inappropriate affect (such as laughing at funeral) fear intimacy and are isolated can lead to schizophrenia
67
Antisocial personality disorder
don't comply with social norms very irresponsible and reckless no remorse
68
Narcissistic personality disorder
grandiosity, need for admiration can be exploitative and arrogant feel entitled
69
Histrionic personality disorder
excessive emotion and attention seeking try to be seductive easily influenced
70
Borderline personality disorder
instability of relationships and self image want drama, marked impulsivity reckless behaviors and self damaging behaviors
71
Avoidant personality disorder
hypersensitivity to negative thoughts | views self as inferior, only want to be around people that like them
72
Dependent personality disorder
can't make their own decisions because of a lack of confidence and live under the control of others
73
Psychotic disorders
distorted awareness and thinking hallucinations and delusions schizophrenia and delusion disorder
74
Schizophrenia
positive (not normal) and negative (absent of normal) symptoms positive:psychosis, hallucinations negative:social withdrawal, memory problems flat affect, abnormal reflexes and eye movements only 60% of people get treatment, can start as early as teens -psychotic symptoms
75
Sexual and Gender disorders
affect sexual desire, performance, and behaviors | -sexual dysfunction, gender identity disorder, paraphilias, and sexual desire disorders
76
Sleep Disorders
insomnia, hypersomnia, sleep terrors, and circadian rhythm disorders
77
Somatoform disorders
physical symptoms but there is no cause - dysfunction related to physical self awareness - obsessively interested in diseases and processes - hypochondriasis, panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder
78
Substance related disorders
recurrent use of substances that results in failure to fulfill major obligations
79
Tic disorder
making vocal or motor tics that are beyond their control

Issues in Mental Health (4 decks)

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