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Issues in Mental Health > Test 1 Review > Flashcards

Test 1 Review Flashcards

0
Q

asylum

A

institution for care of mentally ill

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1
Q

assertive community training (ACT)

A

way of delivering comprehensive and effective services to people with severe mental illness

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2
Q

community

A

group of people who share common characteristics

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3
Q

community mental health

A

development and delivery of programs for defined group of people

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4
Q

culture

A

thoughts, actions, customs, beliefs of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups
-based on way of life

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5
Q

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)

A

standard manual used for diagnosis of mental disorders
“bible of mental health”
DSM-IV is most recent we use

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6
Q

Disability adjusted life year (DALY)

A

measure that expresses years of life lost to premature death and years lived with disability due to mental illness

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7
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

electroshock treatment in which seizures are induced for therapeutic effect
-used to treat severe major depression unresponsive to other treatment

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8
Q

lobotomy

A

surgical technique that involves making an incision in the frontal lobe, severing several nerve tracts

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9
Q

mental disorders

A

characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and impaired functioning

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10
Q

mental health

A

successful performance of mental function

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11
Q

mental health problems

A

signs and symptoms of insufficient intensity or duration to meet criteria for mental disorder

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12
Q

mental illness

A

umbrella term for all mental disorders

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13
Q

psychopathology

A

study of origin, development, and manifestations of mental or behavioral disorders

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14
Q

public health

A

prevention of disease and promotion of health by govt agencies thats concerned with health of community

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15
Q

seasonal affective disorder

A

mood disorder in which people have normal health but have depressive symptoms during certain times of the year, usually winter

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16
Q

somatic

A

from greek word soma meaning body

alterations in nonmental functions

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17
Q

behavioral therapy

A

psychotherapy that seeks to stop or inhibit abnormal behavior with positive and negative reinforcement

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18
Q

biopsychosocial model of disease

A

model that states that biological, psychological, and social factors all play a role in health and illness

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19
Q

cognitive therapy

A

psychological therapy in which cognition is seen as most significant factor in psychological problems

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20
Q

crisis hotline

A

phone number you can call to get immediate emergency counseling over the phone by trained volunteers

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21
Q

curanderismo

A

traditional folk healer or shaman in Hispanic culture

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22
Q

delusion

A

false belief or opinion

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23
Q

disease

A

conditions with known pathology (detectable physical change)

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24
Q

disorder

A

clusters of symptoms and signs associated with distress and disability with unknown pathology and etiology

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25
Q

naturopathy

A

drugless system of therapy based on use of physical forces such as heat, water, light, air, and massage

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26
Q

pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus (PANDAS)

A

psychiatric disorder that entails sudden onset of symptoms like those of OCD following strep, caused by autoimmune reactions

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27
Q

psychosis

A

symptom or feature of mental illness usually characterized by radical changes in personality, impaired functioning, and distorted sense of reality

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28
Q

tourette syndrome

A

neurologic condition that causes person to make vocal or motor tics that they can’t control

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29
Q

minority

A

refers collectively to people who identify as African American, American Indians, Asian Americans, and Hispanic Americans

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30
Q

race

A

physical characteristics and genetic or biological makeup

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31
Q

ethnicity

A

groups whose members identify based on common heritage

-based on background

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32
Q

heritage

A

history, language, music and food preferences

33
Q

ethnocentricity

A

false notion that some races are superior to others

34
Q

idioms of distress

A

characteristic models of expressing suffering

ex) some cultures suppress emotions

35
Q

culture-bound syndromes

A

clusters of symptoms more common in some cultures

36
Q

ethnopsychopsychiatry

A

cultural psychiatry

examining how social, cultural, and biological contexts interact to shape reactions

37
Q

ethnopsychopharmacology

A

cultural variations and differences that influence effectiveness of pharmacotherapies

38
Q

cultural competence

A

ability to interact with people of different cultures
4 components
1. awareness of worldview
2. attitude of cultural differences
3. knowledge of different cultural practices
4. cross-cultural skills

39
Q

What was mental health often associated with in the past?

A

the supernatural

40
Q

What did people in the past think caused mental illnesses?

A

demons or possession

41
Q

Moral Treatment Movement

A

(1800-1850)

  • said they needed an asylum away from everyday activities to heal
  • bad quality
  • William Tuke, Dorothea Hix, and Horace Mann
42
Q

Mental Hygiene Movement

A

(1890-1920)

  • Adolf Meyer and Clifford Beers
  • mental illness can be cured if treated early
  • lobotomy and ECT, quality still deteriorating
43
Q

Community Mental Health Movement

A

(1955-1970)

  • long term stay was harmful and ineffective, led to decreased hospital stay length
  • led to Medicare and Medicaid benefits such as nursing homes and psychiatric units
  • community did not welcome discharged patients
44
Q

Community Support Movement

A

(1975-present)

  • support system to address welfare needs
  • ACT helps severe patients with welfare needs
  • lack of insurance, access barriers, and discrimination
45
Q

Adjustment Disorder

A

emotional or behavioral symptoms within 3 mos. of stressful event or situation and continued for no more than 6 mos.
symptoms: depressed or anxious mood, isolation, physical complaints

46
Q

Anxiety Disorders

A

uncomfortable and subjective feeling that occurs in response to fear of certain objects or situations
physical signs: high blood pressure, shortness of breath, eye twitch, sweating, rapid heartbeat
-GAD, PTSD, OCD, panic disorder, social anxiety, agoraphobia)

47
Q

generalized anxiety disorder

A

GAD
constant worrying about everyday things
progresses to preoccupation

48
Q

post traumatic stress disorder

A

PTSD
hyper alertness, flashbacks, aggressive behavior, numb to emotions, etc resulting from witnessing a traumatic event
-usually within first 3 mos. of event

49
Q

obsessive-compulsive disorder

A

OCD
obsession-unwanted, repetitive thoughts
compulsion-behaviors or thoughts, can’t help but do them
the behaviors dominate life

50
Q

panic disorder

A

disorganized thinking and overwhelming feeling of fear

  • situations of high stress
  • sudden attack that peaks within 10-15 mins
51
Q

agoraphobia

A

fear of being away from somewhere familiar or being alone in public

52
Q

Cognitive Disorders

A

affect memory, perception, problem solving
result from mental deterioration
-delirium, dementia, amnesia

53
Q

delirium

A
  • decreased awareness of environment
  • attention and memory impairment
  • altered perception
54
Q

dementia

A

-impaired memory, judgment, intellectual function, and abstract thinking

55
Q

amnesia

A

short and long term memory problems
inability to recall previously learned info
apathy

56
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

change in awareness of behavior, memories, identity, and personality consistency
2+ personalities, each with own memory and values
symptoms: “spacey” and dramatic changes in way they act

57
Q

Eating Disorders

A

extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors involving weight and food

  • anorexia, bulimia, binge eating
  • women and athletes particularly at risk
58
Q

Factitious Disorders

A

physical and/or emotional symptoms intentionally experienced in order to place individual in role of person in need of help

59
Q

Impulse Control and Addiction Disorders

A

unable to resist urges to perform acts that could be harmful

  • begin ignoring responsibilities and relationships
  • pyromania, kleptomania, compulsive gambling
  • alcohol and drugs common objects of addiction
60
Q

Mood disorders

A

disturbances in emotional, behavioral, and physical patterns

  • range from extreme low to extreme elation (depression, mania)
    symptoms: problems with memory and concentration, fatigue, grandiosity, apathy
  • depression, mania, bipolar, SAD
61
Q

Depression

A

symptoms: in a 2 week period-loss of interest, fatigue, insomnia or hypersomnia, activity changes, recurrent suicidal thoughts
- genetic predisposition

62
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

cycle between mania and depression rapidly or slowly

-manic symptoms: constant enthusiasm, grandiose delusions, word salad, flight of ideas, buying sprees

63
Q

Personality Disorders

A

extreme and inflexible personality traits that are distressing

  • may not understand effects of behavior
  • manipulative, impulsive, self centered, controlling
  • antisocial, paranoid, schizoid, etc
64
Q

Paranoid personality disorder

A

distrust and suspiciousness
everyone is against them
carry grudges and easily angered

65
Q

Schizoid personality disorder

A

(SZPD)
loners, social interaction increases anxiety
blunt affect, often take solitary jobs and have no close friends

66
Q

Schizotypal personality disorder

A

(STPD)
inappropriate affect (such as laughing at funeral)
fear intimacy and are isolated
can lead to schizophrenia

67
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

don’t comply with social norms
very irresponsible and reckless
no remorse

68
Q

Narcissistic personality disorder

A

grandiosity, need for admiration
can be exploitative and arrogant
feel entitled

69
Q

Histrionic personality disorder

A

excessive emotion and attention seeking
try to be seductive
easily influenced

70
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A

instability of relationships and self image
want drama, marked impulsivity
reckless behaviors and self damaging behaviors

71
Q

Avoidant personality disorder

A

hypersensitivity to negative thoughts

views self as inferior, only want to be around people that like them

72
Q

Dependent personality disorder

A

can’t make their own decisions because of a lack of confidence and live under the control of others

73
Q

Psychotic disorders

A

distorted awareness and thinking
hallucinations and delusions
schizophrenia and delusion disorder

74
Q

Schizophrenia

A

positive (not normal) and negative (absent of normal) symptoms
positive:psychosis, hallucinations
negative:social withdrawal, memory problems
flat affect, abnormal reflexes and eye movements
only 60% of people get treatment, can start as early as teens
-psychotic symptoms

75
Q

Sexual and Gender disorders

A

affect sexual desire, performance, and behaviors

-sexual dysfunction, gender identity disorder, paraphilias, and sexual desire disorders

76
Q

Sleep Disorders

A

insomnia, hypersomnia, sleep terrors, and circadian rhythm disorders

77
Q

Somatoform disorders

A

physical symptoms but there is no cause

  • dysfunction related to physical self awareness
  • obsessively interested in diseases and processes
  • hypochondriasis, panic disorder, body dysmorphic disorder
78
Q

Substance related disorders

A

recurrent use of substances that results in failure to fulfill major obligations

79
Q

Tic disorder

A

making vocal or motor tics that are beyond their control

Issues in Mental Health (4 decks)

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