Test 1 review Flashcards
superior inferior lateral and anterior is what boundarie
abdomen
superior boundaries of the abdomen are
costal rib margin, xiphoid process
inferior boundaries of the abdomen are
Inguinal ligament
lateral boundaries of the abdomen are
vertical line from asis to costal margin
anterior boundaries of the abdomen is the
umbilicus
horizontal line at umbilicus and verticle line at linea alba form what
quadrants of the abdomen
external and internal oblique looks like
fan shaped
fibers that run inferior and medially can refer to what
external oblique
origin of the oblique starts at
external surfaces of ribs 5-12
insertion of the oblique starts at
linea alba
actions of the external oblique
unilateral and bilateral
unilateral actions of the external oblique
contralateral rotation, lateral flexion
bilateral actions of the external oblique
forward flexion, compress and support abdominal viscera
fibers that run mostly superior and medially refers to the
internal oblique
thoracolumbar fasica is the orignin of what
internal oblique
inferior borders of ribs 12-12, lina, alba, pecten pubis are all instertions of what
internal oblique
nerves for the internal oblique are the
thoracoabdomial nerves
ipsilateral rotation and laternal flexion are actions of what
unilateral actions of internal obliques
foward flexion, compress and support abdominal viscera are actions of what
bilateral internal oblique
fibers that run transversomedially(horizontally) refer to what
transverse abdominus
actions of the trnasverse abdominus
compress and support abdominal vescera
actions resulting in forward flexor, compression of abdominal viscera, depression of the ribs, and stabilize pelvis when walking are all referring to
rectus abdominus
recuts sheath
strong fasica formed by the interweaving of the aponeuroses of the obliques and transverse abdominis
sternal diaphragm
2 slips that attach to posterior xiphoid refer to
costal part of diaphragm
slips attach to internal aspect of inferior 6 costal cartilages and adjoining ribs refer to
lumbar part of diaphragm
musculotendinous bundles attaching to anterior aspect of bodies refer to
central tendon diaphragm
top and center of the hood where everything attaches refers to as
actions of the diaphragm
chief muscle of inspiration (allows air to move into the lungs)
psoas major, psoas minor, illiacus are all apart of what
posterior wall abdominal muscles
psoas minor
weak flexor of the lumbar spine
iliposas
psoas major and the illicus, strongest of the hip flexors
quadratus lumborum
aka hip hiker
iap stands for
intra abdominal pressure, pressure inside the abdominal cavity
tendinous insertion
line between rectus abdominis
linea similunaris
lateral aspect of rectus abdominus
dorsal root
receives infromation
ventral root
sends out information
spinal cord last to what
coccyx
lumbar spine is made up of
5 lumbar vertebra
coccyx
serves at attachment point end of spine
functions of the vertebral column
*look up types of vertebrae
transmit force from upper extremities to the pelvic girdle, assist in impact shock, provide motions in all 3 planes.
spine consists of a curved stacked of how many vertebreae
33 vertebral
regions of the verterbral
7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, 5 sacral vertebrae, 4 small fused coccygeal vertebrae
vertebral foramen is made up of
vertebral canal, peicles
vertebral processes is made up of
spinous process, transverse processes(2), articular processes(4)
spinous process is what
largest vertebrae
articular surface looks like
dark circular hole
bifid spinous, and transverse foramina comes from
cervical vertebrae allows movement of head
c1 and c2 refer to as
atlas, axis
thoracic vertebrae look like
heart shaped bodies allows 23 1/2 degrees for rotation, has articulations on the side
lumbar vertebrae look like
oval bodies, massive bodies, no articulation on the side. articulation is facing inward.
lumbar vertebrae creates
stability, and prevention of movement
sacral vertebrae look like
fused canal
coccygeal vertebrae look like
tailbone, attachment point for muscles and ligaments
motion segment is referred to as
functional unit of the spine
motion segment contains how many joints
3 joints
osteological factors of the vertebral
cortical bone, cancellous bone
curvatures of veterbrae
kyphotic curves(exaggerated thoracic curve), lordosis (exaggerated lumbar curves)
interverbal disks makes up how much height of the spine
25%
annulus fibrosus
outside of intervertebral disc
nucleus pulposus
inside of intervertebral disc made up of water
parts of intervertebral disc
nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrous
C1 looks like what and c 2 looks like what
C1- point at very top
C2- circle shaped
Forces on the spine include
body weight tension in spinal ligament/ surrounding muscles, intra abdominal pressure, external loads
when the spine is in an upright position the major form of loading is
axial
bending load in the posterior direction is created by
lumbar hyperextension
lower back pain is current in about how much of the population
75-80%
pars interarticularis is the most common what
vertebral fracture
disc hernitations cause how much back pain
1-5%