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lower extremity Flashcards

1
Q

bones of the lower extemity

A

pelvis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges

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2
Q

what is the largest and strongest bone in the body

A

femur

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3
Q

what is the largest bone of the lower leg

A

tibia

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4
Q

what supports 2% of the body weight

A

fibula

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5
Q

fibula is the attachment site for the

A

biceps femoris muscle

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6
Q

patella is the largest what

A

largest sesamoid bone in the body

used for extra leverage

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7
Q

knee quadriceps function

A

knee extension

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8
Q

knee musculature

A

quadriceps , hamstring, biceps femoris (long, short), semitendinosus, semimembranousus

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9
Q

what are the quadriceps

A

vastus medilais, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, rectus femoris

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10
Q

hamstring allows for what

A

knee flexion and extension

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11
Q

bicep femoris pa

A

long head- tuberosity of the ischium,

short head- linea aspera

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12
Q

innervation of the long head of the bicep femoris

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve

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13
Q

innervation of the short head of the bicep femoris

A

common fibular division of the sciatic nerve

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14
Q

da of the bicep femoris

A

lateral head of the fibula

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15
Q

action for eh biceps femoris

A

flexes leg and rotates it laterally when knee is flexed

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16
Q

semimembranosus pa

A

ischial tuberosity

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17
Q

semimembranosus da

A

medial condyle of tibia

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18
Q

innervation of semimembranosus

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve

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19
Q

semitendinosis pa

A

ischial tuberosity

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20
Q

da of the semitendinosis

A

medial surface of the superior part of the tibia

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21
Q

innervation of the semitendinosis

A

tibial division of sciatic nerve

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22
Q

semitendinosis and semimembranosus action

A

extend thigh, flex leg and rotate it medially when knee is flexed

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23
Q

knee is what kind of hinge

A

modified hinge

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24
Q

what kind of joint is the knee

A

synovial type joint

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25
how many articular surfaces does the knee consist of
three
26
what is the range of motion for the knee
extension 0-140 degrees, rotation 5-10 degrees
27
articular surfaces of the knee
lateral and medial articulation between femoral and tibial condyles, intermediate articulation between the patella and femur proximal tibiofibular joint
28
patellofemoral joint is what
thickest layer of articular cartilage in the body, used for mechanical advantages
29
ligamentous structures
extracapsular- patellar ligament, lateral collateral ligament(lcl), medial collateral ligament(mcl), anterolateral ligament(all)
30
patellar ligament distal part
quadriceps tendon
31
medial collateral ligament is used for
first line of protection used against valgus
32
lateral collateral ligeament results against what
resist again forces moving away from the body
33
all is how much of acl injuries that is ongoing
2-15
34
intra articular ligament include
anterior cruciate ligament (acl) and posterior cruciate ligament (pcl)
35
cruciate mean
to cross
36
anterior cruciate ligament starts and end
femoral intercondylar notch to anterior tibial sulcus
37
anterior cruciate ligament prevents what
prevents the femur from moving posteriorly during weight bearing secondary restraint against valgus
38
posterior cruciate ligament
posterior lateral tibia to anterior medial femur
39
posterior cruciate ligament prevents what
prevents against hyperextension of the knee and femur
40
secondary ligaments include
coronary ligaments, transverse ligament, ligament of weisberg
41
menisci is what
space between the femur and tibia
42
menisci function
provide shock, absorption, joint stability, and lubrication
43
medial minisci is shallow or deep
shallow c shaped
44
lateral minisci is shallow or deep
deep o shaped
45
what is the most common ligament injury in the knee
acl injuries
46
what force does the mcl injury is caused by
valgus force(moving toward the midline of the body)
47
what force does the lcl injury caused by
varus force(moving away from the midline of the body)
48
acl injuries is most commonly caused by what
sudden change in position
49
what is the unhappy triad
acl, mcl, posterior horn of the medial meniscus injury
50
gludious maximus
is the most superficial and biggest muscle of the whole body
51
gludious maximus
is the most superficial and biggest muscle of the whole body
52
gluteus maximus pa
illium posterior to posterior gluteal line
53
gluteus maximus da
most fibers end in ilitibial tract
54
actions of gluteus maximus
extend the hip relative to the trunk, external rotation
55
gluteus medius pa
external surface of ilium
56
gluteus medius da
lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
57
gluteus medius pa
external surface of ilium
58
gluteus minimus da
anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
59
innervation of gluteal muscles
superficial gluteal nerves- skin of the gluteal region | deep gluteal nerves- skin and motor
60
all innervation of the gluteal muscles are branches of what
sacral plexus
61
the piriformis is considered what
landmark muscle group
62
obturator intemus pa
pelvic surface
63
superior gemellus pa
iscial spine
64
inferior gemellus pa
ischial tuberosity
65
obturator internus, superior and inferior gemellus da
medial surface of greater trochanter
66
innervation of obturator internus, superior gemellus
nerve to obturactor internus
67
inferior gemellus innervaiton
nerve to quadratus
68
psoas major pa
sides of t12-l5
69
psoas major da
lesser trochanter of femur
70
nerve of psoas major
ventral rami of lumbar
71
ilicus pa
iliac crest
72
ilicus da
tendon of psoas major
73
nerve of ilicus
femoral
74
action of psoas major and ilicus
primary hip flexor
75
psoas minor pa
sides of t12-l1
76
psoas minor da
pectineal line
77
action of psoas minor
assist psoas major in flexing
78
tensor fascia latae pa
asis
79
tensor fascia latae da
lateral condyle of tibia
80
tensor fascia latae nerve
superior gluteal
81
tensor fascia latae action
abduct
82
sartorius pa
asis
83
sartorius da
superior part of medial tibia
84
sartorius nerve
femoral nerve
85
action of satorius
tailor
86
pes anserine is what
place of attachment on medial tibia for sartorius
87
pectineus pa
pectin pubic
88
pectineus da
pectineal line of femur
89
pectineus nerve
femoral nerve
90
action of pectineus
adducts and flexes thigh
91
adductor longus pa
body of pubis
92
adductor longus da
middle third of linea aspera
93
nerve of adductor longus
obturator nerve
94
action of adductor longus
adduct thigh
95
adductor brevis pa
inferior ramus
96
adductor brevis da
pectineal line
97
nerve of adductor brevis
obturator nerve
98
aciton of adductor brevis
adduct and flexes
99
gracilis pa
infrior ramus
100
gracilis da
superior part of medial tibia
101
nerve of gracilis
obturator nerve
102
aciton of gracilis
adduct thigh
103
hamstring portion pa
ischial tuberoisty
104
hamstring portion da
adductor tubercle
105
nerve of hamstring portion
tibial portion of sciatic nerve
106
action of hamstring portion
extend thigh
107
adductor portion pa
inferior rammus
108
adductor portion da
gluteal tuberosity
109
nerve of adductor portion
obturator nerve
110
action of adductor portion
adduct
111
superficial layer going form lateral to medial of anterior muscles
pectineus, adductor longus, gracilis
112
intermediate layer of anterior muscles
adductor brevis
113
deepest layer of anterior muscles
adductor magnus
114
femoral triangle borders superior
inguinal ligament
115
femoral triangle medial border
adductor longus
116
femoral triangle lateral border
sartorus
117
femoral triangle floor border
pectineus and iliposoas
118
femoral triangle navel lateral to medial
femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, empty space and lympth
119
femoral triangle van medial to lateral
femoral vein, femoral artery, femoral nerve

Functional Anatomy (5 decks)

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