Posterior Muscles Flashcards
what are the superficial muscles of the back musculature
trapezius(upper, middle, lower), latissimus dorsi, levator scapula, rhomboid(major,minor)
trapezius origin
medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae
insertion of the trapezius
lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acrominon, spine of scapula
nerve of trapezius
spinal accessory nerve
actions of the trapezius
upper fibbers- elevate scapula
middle fibers- retract scapula
lower fibers- depress scapula
latissimus dorsi origin
sp of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs
latissimus dorsi insertion
floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus
nerve of the latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve
actions of the latissimus dorsi
extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus
levator scapula origin
posterior tubercles of transverse processess of c1-c4
insertion of the levator scapula
superior aspect of the medial border of the scapula
nerve of the levator scapula
dorsal scapular nerve and cervical nerves
actions of the levator scapula
elevates scapula and tilts the glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula in downward direction
rhomboid origin
minor- nuchal ligament and sp of c7 + t1
major- sp of t2-t5
insertion of the rhomboid
medial border of the scapula from the spine to the interior angle
nerve of the rhomboid
dorsal scapular nerve
actions of the rhomboid
retract scapula and rotate the scapula in downward direction to depress the glenoid cavity, fix scapula to the thorax, assist with elevation of the scapula with l.s
serratus posterior superior origin
ligamentum nuchae
serratus posterior superior insertion
superior borders of ribs 2-4
nerve of serratus posterior superior nerve
2nd- 5th intercostal nerve
actions of serratus posterior superior
elevate ribs
serratus posterior inferior origin
sp of t11-l2
serratus posterior inferior insertion
inferior borders of ribs 8-12 near angles
serratus posterior inferior nerves
ventral rami of 9th-12th thoracis spinal nerve
action of serratus posterior inferior
depress ribs
erector spinae is consisted of
spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis
spinalis origin
Broad tendon from
posterior aspect of iliac crest,
posterior surface of sacrum,
inferior lumbar SP,
supraspinous ligament
insertion of spinalis
sp of thoracic and cervical vertebrae
nerve of spinalis
dorsal rami of spinal nerve
action of spinalis
lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck
longissimus origin
broad tendon from posterior aspect of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, inferior lumbar sp, supraspinous ligament
longissimus insertion
tp in thoracic and cervical regions, mastoid process
nerve of longissimus
dorsal rami of spinal nerve
action of longissimus
lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck
illiocostalis origin
broad tendon from posterior aspect of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, inferior lumbar sp, supraspinous ligament
illocostalis insertion
angles of lower ribs and cervical tp
nerve of illiocostalis
dorsal rami of spinal nerve
action of illiocostalis
lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck
parts of the transversospinal musculature
semispinalis(thoracis, cericis, capitis), multifidus, rotatores
semispinalis origin
tp c4-t12
semispinalis insertion
occipital bone, sp in thoracic and cercvical regions, spanning 2-4 segments
nerve of semispinalis
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
action of semispinalis
extend head cervical, and thoracic regions, contralateral rotation
multifidus origin
sacrum, illium, tp t1-t3 articular processes c4-c7
nerve of multifidus
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
action of multifidus
stabilize the vertebrae during movement of the vertebral column
rotatores origin
tp of vertebrae
rotatores insertion
pass superomedially to attach at the junction of lamina and tp or sp of vertebrea above their origin spanning 1-2 segments
rotatores nerve
dorsal rami of spinal nerves
action of rotatores
stabilize the vertebrae assist with extension and rotary movements
origin of the quadratus lumborum
medial 1/2 of inferior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar tp
quadratus lumborum insertion
lliolumbar ligament and internal lip of the iliac crest
quadratus lumborum nerve
ventral branches of t12 and l1-l4 nerves
action of quadratus lumborum
extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column fixes 12th rib during inspiration
