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Functional Anatomy > Posterior Muscles > Flashcards

Posterior Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the superficial muscles of the back musculature

A

trapezius(upper, middle, lower), latissimus dorsi, levator scapula, rhomboid(major,minor)

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2
Q

trapezius origin

A

medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae

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3
Q

insertion of the trapezius

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acrominon, spine of scapula

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4
Q

nerve of trapezius

A

spinal accessory nerve

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5
Q

actions of the trapezius

A

upper fibbers- elevate scapula
middle fibers- retract scapula

lower fibers- depress scapula

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6
Q

latissimus dorsi origin

A

sp of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inferior 3-4 ribs

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7
Q

latissimus dorsi insertion

A

floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus

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8
Q

nerve of the latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve

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9
Q

actions of the latissimus dorsi

A

extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

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10
Q

levator scapula origin

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processess of c1-c4

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11
Q

insertion of the levator scapula

A

superior aspect of the medial border of the scapula

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12
Q

nerve of the levator scapula

A

dorsal scapular nerve and cervical nerves

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13
Q

actions of the levator scapula

A

elevates scapula and tilts the glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula in downward direction

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14
Q

rhomboid origin

A

minor- nuchal ligament and sp of c7 + t1

major- sp of t2-t5

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15
Q

insertion of the rhomboid

A

medial border of the scapula from the spine to the interior angle

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16
Q

nerve of the rhomboid

A

dorsal scapular nerve

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17
Q

actions of the rhomboid

A

retract scapula and rotate the scapula in downward direction to depress the glenoid cavity, fix scapula to the thorax, assist with elevation of the scapula with l.s

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18
Q

serratus posterior superior origin

A

ligamentum nuchae

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19
Q

serratus posterior superior insertion

A

superior borders of ribs 2-4

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20
Q

nerve of serratus posterior superior nerve

A

2nd- 5th intercostal nerve

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21
Q

actions of serratus posterior superior

A

elevate ribs

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22
Q

serratus posterior inferior origin

A

sp of t11-l2

23
Q

serratus posterior inferior insertion

A

inferior borders of ribs 8-12 near angles

24
Q

serratus posterior inferior nerves

A

ventral rami of 9th-12th thoracis spinal nerve

25
Q

action of serratus posterior inferior

A

depress ribs

26
Q

erector spinae is consisted of

A

spinalis, longissimus, iliocostalis

27
Q

spinalis origin

A

Broad tendon from
posterior aspect of iliac crest,

posterior surface of sacrum,
inferior lumbar SP,
supraspinous ligament

28
Q

insertion of spinalis

A

sp of thoracic and cervical vertebrae

29
Q

nerve of spinalis

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerve

30
Q

action of spinalis

A

lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck

31
Q

longissimus origin

A

broad tendon from posterior aspect of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, inferior lumbar sp, supraspinous ligament

32
Q

longissimus insertion

A

tp in thoracic and cervical regions, mastoid process

33
Q

nerve of longissimus

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerve

34
Q

action of longissimus

A

lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck

35
Q

illiocostalis origin

A

broad tendon from posterior aspect of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, inferior lumbar sp, supraspinous ligament

36
Q

illocostalis insertion

A

angles of lower ribs and cervical tp

37
Q

nerve of illiocostalis

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerve

38
Q

action of illiocostalis

A

lateral bending of vetebral column, extend the head and neck

39
Q

parts of the transversospinal musculature

A

semispinalis(thoracis, cericis, capitis), multifidus, rotatores

40
Q

semispinalis origin

A

tp c4-t12

41
Q

semispinalis insertion

A

occipital bone, sp in thoracic and cercvical regions, spanning 2-4 segments

42
Q

nerve of semispinalis

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

43
Q

action of semispinalis

A

extend head cervical, and thoracic regions, contralateral rotation

44
Q

multifidus origin

A

sacrum, illium, tp t1-t3 articular processes c4-c7

45
Q

nerve of multifidus

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

46
Q

action of multifidus

A

stabilize the vertebrae during movement of the vertebral column

47
Q

rotatores origin

A

tp of vertebrae

48
Q

rotatores insertion

A

pass superomedially to attach at the junction of lamina and tp or sp of vertebrea above their origin spanning 1-2 segments

49
Q

rotatores nerve

A

dorsal rami of spinal nerves

50
Q

action of rotatores

A

stabilize the vertebrae assist with extension and rotary movements

51
Q

origin of the quadratus lumborum

A

medial 1/2 of inferior border of 12th rib and tips of lumbar tp

52
Q

quadratus lumborum insertion

A

lliolumbar ligament and internal lip of the iliac crest

53
Q

quadratus lumborum nerve

A

ventral branches of t12 and l1-l4 nerves

54
Q

action of quadratus lumborum

A

extends and laterally flexes the vertebral column fixes 12th rib during inspiration

Functional Anatomy (5 decks)

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