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Microbiology > Test 1 material > Flashcards

Test 1 material Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What domain does red algae belong in?

A

eukarya

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2
Q

What domain does cyanobacteria belong in?

A

bacteria

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3
Q

what domain does halophilic prokaryotes belong in?

A

archaea

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4
Q

what domain does streptococcus belong in?

A

bacteria

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5
Q

what domain does protozoa belong in?

A

eukarya

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6
Q

what domain does yeast belong in?

A

eukarya

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7
Q

Leeuwenhoek is attributed with what accomplishment that has aided the study of microbiology?

A

invention of the microscope

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8
Q

Pasteur could not have met Koch’s postulates for his work on diseases. Why?

A

Pasteur worked with liquid broths, so he could not isolate pure cultures of the organism, which is an essential step in proving causality by Koch’s postulates.

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9
Q

You find two new species as you are examining growth in seawater cultures. As you examine them, you see that organism 1 has 70s ribosomes and organism 2has both 80s and 70s ribosomes. what do you know about each of the organisms?

A

Organism 1 is a prokaryote and organism 2 is a eukaryote (and has mitochondria and maybe chloroplasts)

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10
Q

A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria?

A

Bacteriophage

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11
Q

an infectious entity affecting plants, smaller than a virus and consisting only of mucleic acid without a protein coat?

A

viroid

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12
Q

an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid

A

prion

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13
Q

smallest individual proteins

A

prion

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14
Q

HIV is an example of ?

A

Retrovirus

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15
Q

What classical taxonomy is based on mode of motility?

A

Protozoa

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16
Q

What is classified by pigmentation color?

A

Algae

17
Q

arrange in order of size: large - small

  • bacteria
  • parasite
  • elephant
  • virus
A

Elephant>protozoa parasite>bacteria>virus

18
Q

Antiobiotics target what part of the cell?

A

cell wall

19
Q

What is similar in size to a mycoplasma?

A

poxvirus

20
Q

What is the smallest microbe bacteria?

A

mycoplasma

21
Q

Can a cell exist without a plasma membrane?

A

NO

22
Q

Do viruses have ribosomes?

A

NO

23
Q

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, what do they have instead?

A

nucleoid

24
Q

Do all prokaryotes have a cell wall?

A

No

25
Q

What does a slime layer do?

A

protects

26
Q

Where will an electron transport chain for generating ATP be found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

Pro: cell membrane

Euk: mitochondria

27
Q

Give an example of an area of microbial study for which which future microbiologist will be needed.

A

New infections & merging diseases; genome sequencing: host pathogen relationships

28
Q

Where is linear DNA genome found?

A

Eukaryotes

29
Q

70s ribosomes (careful)

A

Prokaryotes & eukaryotes

30
Q

Flagella is found in?

A

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes

31
Q

capsules are found in?

A

prokaryotes

32
Q

cell walls are found in?

A

prokaryotes

33
Q

What would be one survival disadvantage for a bacterium having a capsule?

A

They are well organized and are hard to remove from the cell.

34
Q

What would one survival advantage for a bacterium having a capsule?

A

protection against phagocytosis

35
Q

Phagocytosis

A

the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and ameboid protozoans

36
Q

B. cereus is seriously a gram positive rod. If lysozyme is used to destroy its cell wall. what shape will it be?

A

coccus (spherical) becuase it is the shape of least resistance.

37
Q

Smmelweiss made an observation and developed methods in response to that observation. what was his observation?

A

worked with child death fever- noticed the mortality rate is higher in hospitals than at home because doctors did autopsy between births- the deaths lowered when they washed their hands.

38
Q

what apparatus did pasteur use to disprove spontaneous generation?

A

swan-neck flask

39
Q
A

Microbiology (5 decks)

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