Test 1 material Flashcards
What domain does red algae belong in?
eukarya
What domain does cyanobacteria belong in?
bacteria
what domain does halophilic prokaryotes belong in?
archaea
what domain does streptococcus belong in?
bacteria
what domain does protozoa belong in?
eukarya
what domain does yeast belong in?
eukarya
Leeuwenhoek is attributed with what accomplishment that has aided the study of microbiology?
invention of the microscope
Pasteur could not have met Koch’s postulates for his work on diseases. Why?
Pasteur worked with liquid broths, so he could not isolate pure cultures of the organism, which is an essential step in proving causality by Koch’s postulates.
You find two new species as you are examining growth in seawater cultures. As you examine them, you see that organism 1 has 70s ribosomes and organism 2has both 80s and 70s ribosomes. what do you know about each of the organisms?
Organism 1 is a prokaryote and organism 2 is a eukaryote (and has mitochondria and maybe chloroplasts)
A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria?
Bacteriophage
an infectious entity affecting plants, smaller than a virus and consisting only of mucleic acid without a protein coat?
viroid
an infectious protein particle similar to a virus but lacking nucleic acid
prion
smallest individual proteins
prion
HIV is an example of ?
Retrovirus
What classical taxonomy is based on mode of motility?
Protozoa
What is classified by pigmentation color?
Algae
arrange in order of size: large - small
- bacteria
- parasite
- elephant
- virus
Elephant>protozoa parasite>bacteria>virus
Antiobiotics target what part of the cell?
cell wall
What is similar in size to a mycoplasma?
poxvirus
What is the smallest microbe bacteria?
mycoplasma
Can a cell exist without a plasma membrane?
NO
Do viruses have ribosomes?
NO
Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, what do they have instead?
nucleoid
Do all prokaryotes have a cell wall?
No
What does a slime layer do?
protects
Where will an electron transport chain for generating ATP be found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Pro: cell membrane
Euk: mitochondria
Give an example of an area of microbial study for which which future microbiologist will be needed.
New infections & merging diseases; genome sequencing: host pathogen relationships
Where is linear DNA genome found?
Eukaryotes
70s ribosomes (careful)
Prokaryotes & eukaryotes
Flagella is found in?
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
capsules are found in?
prokaryotes
cell walls are found in?
prokaryotes
What would be one survival disadvantage for a bacterium having a capsule?
They are well organized and are hard to remove from the cell.
What would one survival advantage for a bacterium having a capsule?
protection against phagocytosis
Phagocytosis
the ingestion of bacteria or other material by phagocytes and ameboid protozoans
B. cereus is seriously a gram positive rod. If lysozyme is used to destroy its cell wall. what shape will it be?
coccus (spherical) becuase it is the shape of least resistance.
Smmelweiss made an observation and developed methods in response to that observation. what was his observation?
worked with child death fever- noticed the mortality rate is higher in hospitals than at home because doctors did autopsy between births- the deaths lowered when they washed their hands.
what apparatus did pasteur use to disprove spontaneous generation?
swan-neck flask
