Test 1 (Lecture 3)

Question 1

Explanatory study?

Answer 1

• Explains why it happens.
  
  • Often begins with “why”
• Explores something unknown

Question 2

Descriptive or explanatory? “What is the age structure of the students in the class?”

Answer 2

Descriptive

Question 3

Descriptive or explanatory? “Why do they study social work?”

Answer 3

explanatory

Question 4

Descriptive or explanatory? “What are the factors determining their performance?”

Answer 4

Explanatory

Question 5

Tautological theory?

Answer 5

a theory framed that it cannot be denied without inconsistency. For example “the fittest survive.

Question 6

“You can never ____ a theory, but you can _____ a theory”

Answer 6

Prove & falsify

Question 7

What is the issue with theory based practice?

Answer 7

1. Some theories are hypothesis that are not fully tested

2. Some theories are tested in different circumstances rather than the specific conditions in our practice

Question 8

What is evidence-based practice?

Answer 8

Is a process in which practitioners make practice decisions in light of the best research evidence

Question 9

What is an idiographic model?

Answer 9

• Study of an individual, who is seen as an entity, with properties setting him/her apart from other.
  
  • Mostly qualitative
• The idiographic model focuses on a complete, in-depth understanding of a single case (e.g. Why do I not have any pets?)

Question 10

What is nomothetic model?

Answer 10

• Describes the effort to derive laws that explain objective phenomena
  
  • Studies a cohort of individuals. Here, the subjects are seen as a representing a class or population and their corresponding personality traits and behaviours
• Based on probability theory and statistics

Question 11

What three things does evidenced based practice incorporate?

Answer 11

1. Clinical experience
   
   2. Patient values
2. Best scientific evidence

Question 12

In the 20th century, most social workers relied on _____ rather than research

Answer 12

A: authorities/supervisors

Question 13

When did concerns about the gap between research and practice grow?

Answer 13

Late 1900s. (1970)

Question 14

Is evidence based practice client centered?

Answer 14

Yes

Question 15

What are the 6 steps of evidenced based practice ?

Answer 15

1. Formulate a question to answer practice needs. For eg. “If sexually abused Native Alaskan girls aged 8 or less receive nondirective play therapy or directive play therapy, which will result in fewer trauma symptoms?”
   
   2. Search for evidence
   3. Critically appraise the relevant studies you find, for example, ask, “was treatment outcome measured in a reliable, valid and unbiased manner?”
   4. Determine Which Evidence-Based Intervention is Most Appropriate for Your Particular Client(s)
      - Better to use intervention with studies involving clients like yours rather than intervention with clients not like yours, even if the latter has stronger results.
   5. Apply the Evidence Based Intervention
      • Obtain training in the intervention
      • Formulate treatment goals with the client, that can be measured in evaluating whether the selected intervention really did help the client
2. Evaluation and Feedback

Question 16

What is a top down search strategy?

Answer 16

Instead of starting from scratch, you would rely on evidence based searches that others have done. Disadvantage: relying on “experts” who may have missed something in their studies. To combat this - look for possible disagreements and make sure the appraisals used evidentiary standards.

Question 17

What is a bottom up search strategy?

Answer 17

Read everything pertaining to the topic. Way more time consuming.