Test 1- Lecture 2 Flashcards
Functions of cells (8)
Covering Lining Storage Movement Connection Defense Communication Reproduction
Example of the function “covering”
Epidermal cells in skin
Example of function of “lining”
Epithelial cells in small intestine
Example of the function “storage”
Fat/liver cells
Example of the function “connection”
Collagen fibers in fibroblasts
Example of the function defense
Lymphocytes
Example of the function “movement”
Muscles cells of heart
Example of the function “communication”
Nerve cells
Example of the function “reproduction”
Sperm and ooctye cells
Does the prototypical human cell exist?
NO!!! It is generalized
3 parts that are in every cell
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Is the plasma membrane selectively permeable or completely permeable?
Selectively permeable. Only certain things can pass.
Structure of plasma membrane
Fluid/flexible bilayer
What is the plasma membrane made of (3)?
Lipids
Proteins
Glycocalyx
3 lipids the plasma membrane has
Phospholipids (majority)
Glycolipids
Cholesterol
What are phospholipids composed of?
Glycerol
Phosphate
2 fatty acids
Is the phosphate (head) hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
It is hydrophilic
Are the fatty acid tails hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
They are hydrophobic
What are glycolipids composed of?
Carbohydrates and lipids
Function of glycolipids
Adhesion to other cells
Cell recognition
Function of cholesterol
Stabilizes membrane fluidity with temperature changes
What do proteins determine in cells?
The function of the cell
Where can one find integral proteins?
Embedded in the membrane
Remember “integrated”
What does transmembrane mean?
Can cross the membrane completely
Where are peripheral proteins found?
On inner or outer surface of membrane
Functions of proteins (6)
Transport Intercellular connection Anchoring skeleton Cell recognition Enzyme activity Signal transduction (outside molecule triggers change inside in inside molecule)