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Anatomy Lecture- Exam 1 > TEST 1 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM > Flashcards

TEST 1 INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

What is integument?

A

Skin

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2
Q

What are the three characteristics of the epidermis?

A

Most superficial layer, avascular, and keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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3
Q

What do holocrine glands excrete?

A

Oil

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4
Q

What is a comedo? What is an opened and closed comedo?

A

Sebum plugged sebaceous gland. Opened=black head, closed=white head

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5
Q

What does the sebaceous gland secrete?

A

Produce oily secretion which coats epidermis and hair

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6
Q

What colors does hemoglobin give off?

A

Pink or blue

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7
Q

What are tactile cells?

A

Sense touch

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8
Q

What kind of tissue does the reticular have?

A

Dense irregular CT

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9
Q

What are the five stratum of the dermis? (Deep to superficial)

A

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum

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10
Q

What is the function of the nails?

A

Protection of the digits

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11
Q

What is friction ridges? And example

A

Folds in epidermis for grasping ex. Fingertips

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12
Q

What does thick skin contain?

A

Swear glands only

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13
Q

What does the reticular layer contain?

A

Blood vessels, collagen, hair follicles, glands and nerves

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14
Q

How does the integumentary system use sensory perception?

A

Tactile cells (Merkle cells)

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15
Q

What is the anatomy of apocrine gland?

A

Large coiled tubes

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16
Q

What is a cyst?

A

Fluid filled nodule

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17
Q

How does the integumentary system use metabolic regulation?

A

The UV rays turn into vitamin d which turns into calcium and phosphorus and is absorbed

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18
Q

What are the three types of hair?

A

Lanugo, vellus, terminal

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19
Q

What are the two characteristics of the hypodermis?

A

Deepest, highly vascularized

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20
Q

What does the papillary layer contain?

A

Dermal papillae and epidermal ridges, capillaries and sensory receptors

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21
Q

How does the integumentary system use excretion/secretion?

A

Perspiration and sebum (oily substance used for lubrication)

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22
Q

What connective tissue is found in the papillary layer?

A

Aerolar CT

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23
Q

What is terminal hair?

A

Coarse, pigmented and longer

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24
Q

what are the three regions of of hair?

A

Shaft, bulb, and root

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25
What pigments are found in skin?
Hemoglobin, melanin, carotene
26
How many layers is stratum granulosum?
3-5 layers
27
What is a nevus? And an example
Overgrowth of melanocytes EX. Mole
28
How many layers are there in thin skin?
4
29
What are the layers of CT in the dermis?
Papillary layer and reticular layer
30
What is a nodule?
Deeper pus filled legion
31
What are epidermal dendritic cells?
Trigger immune response
32
What does Merocrine excrete?
Watery solution on skin
33
How many layers are there in stratum basale?
1 layer
34
What are the cells like in stratum lucidum?
Pale and featureless Filled with eleiden
35
How many layers are there in stratum corneum?q
20-30
36
What strata are nails derived from?
Stratum corneum
37
How many layers are in stratum spinosum?
Several
38
What do sudoriferous glands excrete?
Sweat
39
What are the three layers of the integumentary system starting from most superficial?
Epidermis Dermis Hypodermis
40
What’s happening with the cells in stratum granulosum?
Keratinzation, squamous, dying, strong and water insoluable
41
What do apocrine glands excrete?
Proteins that feed bacteria that become stinky
42
What muscle is attached to each strand of hair?
Arrector pilli muscle
43
What is a hemangioma? And example
Proliferation of blood vessels ex. Strawberry birthmark
44
What tissues are found in the hypodermis?
Aerolar and adipose CT
45
What are the six functions of hair?
Protection, heat retention, expression, sensory reception, visual identification, chemical signal dispersal
46
Where is thick skin found?
Palms, fingers, toes, soles
47
What is the structure of hair?
Columns of keratinocytes
48
How many layers are found in thick skin?
5
49
Is the reticular layer superficial or deep? Is it the majority of the dermis?
Deep. Yes it is the majority
50
What are the three accessory organs?
Nails, hair, glands
51
What does thin skin contain?
Sweat and sebaceous glands, hair follicles
52
What is eleiden?
Intermediate keratin maturation product
53
What is stratum basale the site of?
Mitosis
54
What are melanocytes?
Produce and store melanin
55
What are accessory organs?
Structure that grow from invagintions of the epidermis
56
How does the integumentary system use immune defense?
Epidermal dendritic cells (langerhans cells)
57
What 3 variations can happen on the epidermis?
Thickness, color, markings
58
is the papillary layer superficial or deep?
Superficial
59
What are the three phases of hair growth?
Anagen (longest period), Catagen, telolgen.
60
What colors does melanin give off?
Dark, increase with UV exposure
61
What is Lanugo hair?
Fine, unpigmented, found on fetus
62
What is a Papule?
Dome shaped fluid filled pustule
63
What are the seven functions of the integumentary system?
Protection, prevents water loss, temperature regulation, metabolic regulation,immune defense, sensory perception, and excretion/secretion
64
What three cells are found in stratum basale?
Keratinocytes, melanocytes, and tactile cells
65
Where is the dermis found?
Deep to epidermis
66
Where is thin skin found?
Most of the body
67
Merocrine anatomy
Small coiled tubules
68
What cells are found in stratum spinosum?
Specialized non-dividing keratinocytes Desmosomes Epidermal dendritic cells
69
What are the cells like in stratum corneum?
Dead keratinocytes, microorganisms
70
What are the three functions of the hypodermis?
protection, energy storage, insulation
71
What are keratinocytes?
Divisible, produce keratin
72
How many layers are in stratum lucidum?
2
73
What are two examples of modified apocrine glands?
Creminous glands and mammary glands
74
What are the cells in nails derived from?
They are densely packed with hard keratin
75
Of the five strata, which one is only seen with thick skin?
Stratum lucidum
76
What colors does carotene give off?
Yellow/orange from food
77
What is vellus hair?
Fine, lightly pigmented, all over body

Anatomy Lecture- Exam 1 (8 decks)

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