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Microbiology > Test 1- Chromatium vinosum > Flashcards

Test 1- Chromatium vinosum Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is its cell wall like?

A

Gram -

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2
Q

What is its organization in terms of flagella?

A

Polar monotrichous.

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3
Q

What is its unique feature involving the periplasm? Where is the periplasm?

A

Periplasm is between CW and PM. Intracellular Sulfer Granules stores Sulfur.

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4
Q

What is its unique feature involving the PM? What is it?

A

Chromatophore, which is a membrane enclosed structure with photosynthetic proteins.

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5
Q

What group does it belong to?

A

Purple Sulfur Bacteria

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6
Q

Is it an aerobe or an anaerobe? What metabolism does it perform?

A

Strict anaerobe, so no oxidative phosphrylation.

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7
Q

It is a (chemo/photo)(autotroph/heterotroph)

A

Photoautotroph.

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8
Q

What is different about Chromatium vinosum’s photosynthesis?

A

No O2.

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9
Q

What are 2 steps of anoxic photosynthesis?

A
  1. Light Capturing

2. Converting CO2 into Carbohydrate (with E. from Light)

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10
Q

Why can’t CO2 be used as an energy source itself? Where does the reducing power come from?

A

CO2 is oxidized. Reducing power comes from NADPH (from H2S) and ATP, which will be oxidized as CO2 is reduced.

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11
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: What 2 proteins capture light?

A
  1. Bacteriochlorophylls

2. Carotnoid.

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12
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: What structural components allow chlorophyll to absorb certain wavelength of light? Be specific. Chlorophyll a or b?

A
  1. Ring structure allows e- to be raised into + E state.
  2. Group attached to chlorophyll determines which wavelength is absorbed. (CH3 in chlorophyll a or CHO in chlorophyll b?)
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13
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: Where are the chlorophylls located?

A

Within the chromatophores.

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14
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: What do chromatophores look like? Which 3 components are there? Show flow of E.

A
  1. Outermost is Light Harvesting II (LHII), which absorbs light and passes E to LHI.
  2. Middle is Light Harvesting I (LHI), which absorbs light from LH II and passes E to RC.
  3. Innermost is Reaction Center (RC), which is where photosynthesis occurs.
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15
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: Why bother with LH II and LH I? (What are the two called together?

A

Antenna Complex. Big Antenna Complex means + SA for - expensive proteins needed to create RC. It allows light to be captured well despite small RC.

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16
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: What two components are involved in conversion of CO2 into carbohydrates?

A
  1. ATP

2. Reducing Power

17
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: ATP is created by process named… This ATP is used later in…

A

Cyclic Photophosphorylation. Calvin Cycle.

18
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: Explain the 5 steps of Cyclic Photophosphorylation in terms of e-.

A
  1. At Bacterial Chlorophyll, light hits and excite e-
  2. Excited e- is captured by Quniol.
  3. Quinol transfers e- to Cyt bc to create a proton gradient outside the cell.
  4. e- is transfered from Cyt bc to Cyt c.
  5. e- is transfered from Cyt c to Bacterio Chlorophyll, to be recycled again.
19
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: Despite the name Cyclic Photophosphorylation, some e- on Bacteriochlorophyll is removed. For what purpose? Why? Mention NAD/NADPH. How is this replenished?

A

Reducing CO2 into C6H12O6 requires e-. (Reduction means adding e- gain.) Hence, e- is removed to create NADPH from NAD. However, H2S oxidation allows e- replenishment.

20
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: CO2 –> Carbohydrates; What does it use? What does it produce?

A

ATP and NADPH from Photosynthesis. It produces C6H12O6.

21
Q

Anoxic Photosynthesis: What are the 3 stages of Calvin Cycle? What happens? What does this step require?

A
  1. Carboxylation. CO2 attached to 5-C sugar molecule (is oxidized) by Rubisco.
  2. Reduction: CO2-5-C Sugar reduced to CH4. Requires ATP and NADPH.
  3. Regeneration: Reconstructs 5 C sugar. Requires ATP.
22
Q

Does Chromatium vinosum grow? How?

A

By elongation.

23
Q

Does Chromatium vinosum develop? How?

A

Nope.

24
Q

Does Chromatium vinosum reproduce? How?

A

Binary Fission.

25
Q

What is Chromatium vinosum’s environment like.

A

Bottom of lake

26
Q

How is Chromatium vinosum adapted to its environment? Talk about specific wavelengths of light.

A
  1. Anaerobic because no oxygen at bottom of lake
  2. Uses infrared/red (long wavelength) light because it is often unused, AND uses blue/purple (short wavelength) light because it is ++ E and can penetrate waters for longer.
27
Q

How does Chromatium vinosum react to the environment? How?

A

Can phototax with an unknown process.

Microbiology (14 decks)

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