Test 1: Chapters 17-18+Constitution Flashcards
1
Q
Who is Charles Wesley?
A
John Wesley’s brother
2
Q
Who became king after their father’s death?
A
Charles I
3
Q
What is the National Assembly?
A
Official representative body of all the people of France.
4
Q
What turned the tide of the French and Indian War?
A
When William Pitt the Elder became prime minister
5
Q
What was France supposed to be?
A
A constitutional monarchy with a vary week king.
6
Q
Who were William III and Mary II?
A
King and Queen of England in 1668
7
Q
What was the greatest victory of Napoleon’s career?
A
Battle of Austerlitz
8
Q
Who started the first Sunday school?
A
Robert Raikes
9
Q
Where was Napoleon exiled to?
A
The Island of Elba
10
Q
Who is George Washington?
A
First President of the United States
11
Q
What did God send instead of judgment?
A
Mercy
12
Q
How was the Presbyterian government ruled?
A
Through a series of representative bodies
13
Q
What is the Grand Remonstrance?
A
A document stating additional grievances against the king, including statements regarding Puritan religious reform and further limitation of the king’s power.
14
Q
When was the French and Indian War?
A
1754-1763
15
Q
Who was Johnathan Edwards?
A
Pastor of the Congregational church in Massachusetts
16
Q
What did David Hume promote?
A
Skepticism
17
Q
Who’s the Father of the Constitution?
A
James Madison
Ps. He was 5’ 4”…………
18
Q
What is an Encyclopedia?
A
A multivolume work that was an attempt to reorganize all human knowledge from the perspective of rationalism.
19
Q
What protections are afforded states by the United States? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
A
Find answer
20
Q
An important political figure in late 18th-century England was_____, a jurist legal scholar who became the leading authority on English law
A
Sir William Blackstone
21
Q
What are Pietists?
A
Those that attended the assemblies of Piety
22
Q
In what house must bills regarding raising revenue originate?
A
House of Representatives
23
Q
Who was Maximiliem Robespierre?
A
The most influential man in the French movement .
24
Q
About 10 miles from Paris, Louis XVI had the famous _____ built.
A
Palace of Versailles
25
What article is the legislative branch?
Article I
26
When was Plymouth established?
1620
27
When did the Age of Enlightenment begin in France?
c. 1715
28
What article is the Executive branch?
Article II
29
What is the "Continental System"?
Forbade the importation of British goods into any European country under French control.
30
What is the Tenth Amendment?
Powers reserved to states and citizens
31
Americas first attempt to build a national government, the ______, proved to be unworkable and inadequate
Articles of Confederation
32
What was the greatest effect of the Wesleyan revival?
Rise of the Modern Missions
33
Who discovered the Sandwich Islands(Hawaiian Islands)?
Captain James Cook
34
What is the Fourth Amendment?
No search without a warrant
35
What article is the Ratification of the Constitution?
Article VII
36
What six purposes are specifically mentioned in the preamble?
```
Form a more perfect union
Establish justice
Ensure domestic tranquility
Provide for the common defense
Promote the general welfare
Secure the blessings of Liberty
```
37
According to the Tenth Amendment who is the recipient of those powers not granted to the United States or those powers not forbidden for the states to exercise? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
38
Who became the prime minister of England in 1757?
William Pitt the Elder
39
What is the United Kingdom of Great Britain?
Official union of England and Scotland's governments
40
What was one of the groups that broke with the state church?
Brethren
41
When was the Glorious Revolution in England?
1688
42
How many hymns did Newton contribute to the Olney hymns?
280 of 350
43
Who was the "Father of the Sunday School Movement"?
Robert Raikes
44
How often are House members selected?
2 years
45
Who was the first true prime minister of Britain?
Sir Robert Walpole
46
Louis XIV said “L’etat, c’est moi” which means _____.
I am the state.
47
What was the purpose of the National Convention?
To rule temporarily and write another new constitution.
48
What was a major cause of dissatisfaction in 1790?
The civil constitution of the clergy
49
Who was David Hume?
A philosopher of the Age of Reason
50
What amendment established a graduated income tax? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
51
Who was in the Left division?
Those who wanted the revolution to go much further in France
52
Who ruled the presbyterian form of church government?
Ministers and Presbyters (elders)
53
What was the Bourgeoisie led by?
Primarily the Middle Class
54
Who started the Pietist Movement in Germany?
Philip Spener
55
What is Skepticism?
The idea that to know truth is impossible, and that knowledge is uncertain
56
How did the English civil war start?
When the king raised his banner in the town of Nottingham.
57
What two conditions are placed on criminal trials? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
***
58
What is the most important human statement of political principles in the history of the world?
Declaration of Independence
59
When was the Great Awakening in America?
c. 1730-1760
60
What is the Sixteenth Amendment (not part of the Bill of Rights)?
Federal income tax
61
Who arose in parliament to oppose Charles II as he became pro-catholic?
The Whigs
62
What was the purpose of the National Covenant?
Pledging to resist any attempt to change their religious institutions without their consent.
63
What article is the General Provisions?
Article VI
64
Who was the leader in education during the Pietist Movement?
August Franke
65
What is the Mass Revolution?
When the great mass of the common people below the bourgeoise began to rise.
66
What is James town?
The first permanent English settlement in the New World.
67
Who drafted the constitution of 1791?
The Constituant Assembly
68
_____ was the epitome of an absolute ruler.
Louis XIV
69
What is the metric system?
Systems of weights and measures
70
What article is the Judicial Branch?
Article III
71
Who is Louis XVI's wife?
Marie Antoinette
72
What is the Tennis Court Oath?
Vowing to continue meeting until a national constitution had been written.
73
Who took the Tennis Court Oath in 1789?
The National Assembly
74
When was the 30 years war?
1618-1648
75
What did Rump Parliament declare?
King Charles I guilty of treason and had him beheaded.
76
What did the Glorious Revolution" do?
Secure once and for all the traditional rights and liberties of the English people.
77
Bureau is French for the word _____.
desk
78
Who are the Cavaliers?
Those who supported the king.
79
What was adopted on August 26, 1789?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
80
Who was appointed High Sherif of Bedfordshire in 1774?
John Howard
81
Why was it called the Age of Reason?
Several English philosophers and writers adopted forms of rationalism, deism, and other humanistic philosophies
82
How does mercantilism measure a nations wealth?
The amount of gold and silver it possessed
83
When was the "Glorious Revolution"?
1688
84
What did Alexis de Tocqueville say about Napoleon?
"He was as great as a man can be without virtue."
85
What happened during the French and Indian War?
British fought the French and their Indian allies for the control of eastern America
86
Why was Cromwell's army nicknamed the "Iron Sides"?
They were hardened by military discipline and stiffened by religious zeal.
87
For how long are senators chosen?
6 years
88
Who was one of the most noteworthy members of British Parliament during the 18th Century?
Edmond Burke
89
How many tours did Whitfield take throughout the colonies?
7
90
Who was in the Center division?
Those without any particular program or principles
91
What does 1792 mark?
The official beginning of modern missions
92
What is Jonathan Edwards most famous sermon?
"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"
93
What's started the "Eleven Years' Tyranny"?
When Charles I openly proclaimed that he would rule England without Parliament or the people's consent.
94
What was the Consulate?
The new republic
95
During what kings reign did the Industrial Revolution begin?
George II
96
Why did the colonies exist according to mercantilism?
For the good of the Mother Country - to help her gain wealth
97
How did Louis XVI die?
Executed on a guillotine
98
When was the United Kingdom of Great Britain formed/
1707
99
What is an authoritarian king?
A king who expected unconditional obeying to their authority.
100
What did the Third Estate include by 1789?
98% of the French population
101
What did Voltaire advocate?
A revolution to overthrow traditional institutions and establish a new order based on reason, science, and tolerance?
102
What are the 4 principles of the constitution?
Separation of Powers--to reduce tyranny
Federalism--to enhance liberty
Checks and Balances--to ensure cooperation
Bill of Rights--lists freedoms of the people
103
Who was William Carey?
Father of Modern Missions
104
What did the pilgrims do in 1609?
Fled to Holland to escape persecution
105
Who is the "Father of Modern Conservatism"?
Edmond Burke
106
What was the purpose of the First Continental Congress¿
To maintain freedom in America and reconcile their differences with Great Britain if possible
107
What was the purpose of the Petition of Right?
To reaffirm the liberties and rights which Englishmen had one in the past
108
When was Jamestown established?
1607
109
What did the metaphysical poets write about?
The mind, the soul, and eternity with much passion, logic, and imagery in order to express spiritual truth.
110
Under what reign did England colonize Georgia, the last of the English colonies in North America, for a total of 13?
George II
111
When was slavery abolished in the British Empire?
1833
112
Who controlled the National Convention?
The Left division
113
What were the estates in France?
1) The Clergy
2) The Nobility
3) Prosperous Middle-Class Merchant to Poor Peasant
114
Who was Voltaire?
the "Father of The Enlightenment"
115
Who led the combined British and Prussian armies?
Duke of Wellington
116
Who was a great hero of the War for Independence and an important leader of the Constitutional Convention?
George Washington
117
What does Bureaucracy mean?
Government by men who sit at desks.
118
Who are the Émigrés?
French immigrants?
119
How many people died in the "Reign of Terror"?
40,000 people
120
In what person does the Constitution vest executive power?
The President
121
What is Romanticism?
It exalted man's emotions and imagination as the basis for truth, and advocated a "return to nature."
122
What colonies were founded under Charles II?
New York, New Jersey, Delaware, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and the Carolinas.
123
When was the Storming of the Bastille in Paris?
1789
124
When did the National Assembly declare itself?
June 17, 1789
125
Where did Napoleon live out the remaining (6) years of his life?
The distant island of St. Helena
126
Who helped William Cowper on a hymn collection called the Olney collection?
John Newton
127
What did the Treaty of Ryswick do?
Established the status quo Ante Bellum (the existing state before the war)
128
Who was crowned after Louis XVI?
Louis XVIII
129
When did the French Revolution Begin?
1789
130
Who wrote Paradise Lost?
John Milton
131
What happened on July 14, 1789?
A Parisian mob stormed the Bastille.
132
What is a republic?
Government ruled by elected representatives of the people
133
What is popular education?
Education for all children
134
Who founded Quebec in 1608?
Samuel de Champlain
135
Who was the second Hanoverian King?
George II
136
What is a Herrnhut?
Headquarters for Moravian missionary activities
137
Who is known as “the Father of New France”?
Samuel de Champlain
138
How much did the peasant earn?
About half of his annual income in taxes or fees of one sort or another.
139
What was the third stage of the revolution?
Mass Revolution
140
What happened on June 18, 1815?
Battle of Waterloo
141
What was the third war England fought against France?
War of the Austrian Succession
142
What is the Eighth Amendment?
No cruel and unusual punishment
143
What exception is made to the trial by jury in criminal cases? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
144
How many people could hear Whitfield when he preached?
30,000
145
What battle was the "Shot heard 'round the world"?
the Battle of Lexington Concord
146
When was the final defeat of Napoleon?
1815
147
What is the Battle of Leipzig known as?
"Battle of the Nations"
148
What was Lord Horatio Nelson known to be?
The greatest naval hero the world has ever known
149
What did *The Social Contract* call for?
A new order of society founded upon the "general will of the people"
150
What is the most important series of wars in the history of the world?
Napoleonic Wars
151
What is a Concordat?
A formal agreement
152
What is a Bastille?
An old castle stronghold in Paris used primarily as a prison.
153
What is the Second Amendment?
Right to Bear Arms
154
What was the American War for Independence also known as?
The Revolutionary War
155
What happened during the Battle of Naseby?
The roundheads decisively defeated the cavaliers
156
Who was Adoniram Judson?
Father of American Missions
157
What is the King James Bible?
The best loved and most widely used translation of God's word ever produced.
158
What ended the French and Indian War?
Peace of Paris
159
What is Deism?
A religion that rejected Scripture and professed that God is an impressionable Being Who is revealed only in nature, and must be sought through man's reasons'
160
When was the Peace of West Phalia?
1648
161
Who was in the Right division?
People who sat on the Right side of the assembly
162
What did James I bring with him to England?
Very definite ideas about religion and the "divine right of kings" to rule with unlimited power
163
What benefit did America have during the Revolutionary War?
Righteousness
164
Where was the Battle of Blenheim?
Along the Danube River
165
What was the Committee of Public Safety composed of?
12 men holding extensive police and judicial power
166
Who appoints presidential electors?
"The Electors"
167
What were Louis XV's last words?
"After me the deluge."
168
Who ruled the episcopal form of church government?
The Bishops
169
Where was the Battle of Trafalgar located?
On the southwestern coast of Spain at the entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar
170
Who has the power to ordain and establish "inferior courts"?
Congress
171
What is the Estates-General?
A legislative body in France
172
Who ruled the thrown when William III and Mary II died?
Mary's sister Anne
173
What two men explored the central Mississippi River in 1673?
Jacques Marquette
| Louis Joliet
174
Who was the greatest literary figure of the 18th Century?
Samuel Johnson
175
Who was the chief minister of France?
Cardinal Mazarin
176
Who are the pilgrims?
A group of separatists.
177
What does the "general will of the people" allow?
The people to overthrow their government and social institutions as they pleased.
178
What is the purpose of the toleration act?
To take an important step toward true religious freedom in England.
179
What did the League of Augsburg consist of?
England
The Dutch Republic
The Holy Roman Empire
Several other German states
180
What are the two parts of the Congress of the United States?
Senate
| House of Representatives
181
What article is the States?
Article IV
182
What is Philadelphia known as?
The Center of Colonies
183
Who said "All that is necessary for the trial of evil is that good men do nothing."?
Edmond Burke
184
Who was Louis XIV’s minister of finance and what did he do?
Jean Baptiste Colbert—mobilized the country’s Economic resources through policies that developed trade with French colonies and encouraged industry at home.
185
What is the commonwealth?
England's new government
186
What happened during the Battle of Leipzig?
The combined forces of Europe defeated Napoleon's new army.
187
What were the four results of the Great Awakening?
Church/Missions
Education
Religious Liberty
Political Liberty
188
What line of England kings did George I begin?
Hanoverian Kings
189
What did The National Assembly become in 1790?
Constituant Assembly
190
What were Napoleon's last words?
"Head of the Army"
191
Who was friends with John Wesley?
John Howard
192
What is the protectorate?
New Government in England set up by Cromwell
193
When was the Battle of Waterloo?
1815
194
What is the length of the president's term?
4 years
195
Who were the Jacobites?
A group of dissidents who supported the descendants of James II
196
What is the *South Sea Company*?
A British investment firm
197
What happened during the Eleven Years' Tyranny?
England moved from a limited, representative government to an absolute and irrepressible monarchy.
198
Why are "Methodist" called Methodists?
Because of their pious meetings and well-ordered methods of conduct
199
When was the KJV Bible completed?
1611
200
What was England's greatest epic?
Paradise Lost
201
What is the First Amendment?
```
Speech
Press
Petition
Assembly
Religion
```
202
What's the importance of the Battle of Brooklyn Heights?
The foggy/rainy weather benefited Washington
203
When was the Fire of London?
1666
204
What king quickly fell from power?
Richard Cromwell
205
Who established Massachusetts?
The Puritans who left England during the Eleven Years' Tyranny
206
What freedom does the Second Amendment protect? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
207
Who produced the United States Constitution?
The delegates
208
What happened on March 1, 1815?
Napoleon escaped Elba and landed off the coasts of France with a tiny army.
209
What did the French Revolution begin as?
An Aristocratic Revolution
210
Who was the first person to cross the Antarctic Circle?
Captain James Cook
211
Who was placed in command of Parliaments armies?
Oliver Cromwell
212
When was the National Assembly established in France?
1789
213
What was the turning point of Colonial relationships?
French and Indian War
214
In reality, what is the age of enlightenment known as?
The "dark age" for France
215
What is the "Cult of Reason"?
When people worshipped the collective human intellect.
216
Who was John Locke?
One of the most influential philosophers
217
Who sailed down the Mississippi River?
Robert Cavalier de la Salle
218
Where did the First Continental Congress convene?
Philadelphia
219
What did Count Nicholas von Zinzendorf's estate become?
Herrnhut
220
What was England's greatest allegory?
Pilgrim's Progress
221
Who is Marie Louise?
Napoleon's 18yr old daughter.
222
When was the Age of Reason?
Late 17th and early 18th Centuries
223
What is a guillotine?
A device for chopping off human heads.
224
What is George Whitefield known as?
"Apostle of Two Continents"
225
Who chose the sun as the symbol of his reign, causing him to be named the “Sun King”?
Louis XIV
226
Who inherited the thrown of France when Louis XIV died?
Louis XV
227
What document became a masterpiece of history?
United States Constitution
228
What is long parliament?
Ashley's Parliament (When Parliament sat in session for 13 years--which is impressive because Ashley can't sit still for 13 minutes.)
229
What was the first permanent French colony in America?
Qubec
230
Who was one of the longest reigning monarchs in history
Louis XIV
231
Who's father died when they were 5 years old?
Louis XIV
232
What did Jean-Jacques Rousseau believe?
That man is naturally good, but society is bad.
233
What was the Sunday School Movement seen as?
The beginning of popular education in Great Britain
234
When was the war of the League of Augsburg?
1688
235
What is the "noble savage"?
The idea that people in uncivilized are morally superior to civilized people.
236
Who wrote Pilgrim's Progress?
John Bunyan
237
Who were the Round Heads?
Those who supported parliament.
238
What was known as "New France"?
Canada
The Great Lakes region
The Mississippi Valley
239
When was the "Great Awakening"?
1730-1760
240
How many hymns did Charles Wesley write?
Over 6,500
241
Who became king after Charles II death?
James II
242
Who was the editor of the Encyclopedia?
Dennis Diderot
243
What is a plebiscite?
An election in which the people express their will.
244
Who were the Moravians?
United Brethren
245
What did the cavalier poets write?
Lyrical poems about love and the pleasures of this world.
246
What does bourgeoisie mean?
Middle Class
247
What does Herrnhut mean?
"The Lord's Protection"
248
What kind of government is the United States to guarantee to every state in the union? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
249
What is the "old regime"?
A system of government and way of life in pre-Revolutionary France
250
What article is the Amendment Process?
Article V
251
Who was George Whitfield?
The best known Great Awakening evangelist
252
What is the Seventeenth Amendment (not part of the Bill of Rights)?
Direct election of senators
253
In 34 years of his ministry, how many people did Whitfield preach to?
10million+
254
Who is granted the authority to enter new states into the union? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
Congress
255
What is the Directory?
France's new (5th) government
256
What did the Second Jacobite rebellion's failure help?
Helped establish the position of the Hanoverian monarchs
257
What did Czar Alexander I do?
Withdrew Russia from the Continental System and began trade with England.
258
Who was profoundly affected by the pietist movement?
August Francke
259
When was the Battle of Lexington Concord?
April 19, 1775
260
What battle ended the the War for Independance?
Yorktown
261
Who wrote *Commentaries on the Laws of England*?
Sir William Blackstone
262
What were the two important events during the reign of George I?
The unsuccessful Jacobite rebellion of 1715
| Major economic and political crisis in 1720 caused by the illegal business practices of the *South Sea Company*
263
What happened during the reign of George II and his successor George III?
England dominated most of North America
264
What is rationalism?
The idea that man's reason is the sole criterion for truth.
265
What was the English Bill of Rights?
It permanently established English traditional political liberties
266
Who is William Wilberforce?
One of the great Christian statesmen of English history
267
Who was Robert Raikes?
Editor and Publisher of a large newspaper in England
268
Who was the greatest British navigator and explorer of the Age of Reason?
Captain James Cook
269
What is the balance of power?
The idea that no nation should be too strong or too weak.
270
Who was John Wesley?
Great English Revivalist
271
Who was appointed Archbishop of Canterbury?
William Laud
272
What did the pilgrims do in 1620?
Sailed to America
273
What territories did England claim in North America?
Virginia
| New England
274
What is Code Napoleon?
New law codes
275
What happened at the Battle of Waterloo?
Napoleon met his final defeat
276
What is empiricism?
Belief that experience is the only source of knowledge
277
What did the Aristocratic revolution become?
The Bourgeoisie Revolution
278
What is the August 4th Decrees?
The National Assembly ended the lords' privileges of collecting land taxes from the peasants, hunting on peasants' lands, and taking special privileges over peasants in courts of law.
279
What five freedoms is Congress forbidden to constrain under the first Amendment? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
**Find answer**
280
What was The Enlightenment?
A movement that attempted to apply unaided human philosophy to all areas of man's life in order to establish a new social order.
281
Who was the "Father of French Romanticism"?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
282
What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen declare to the world?
"Liberty, Equality, Eternity, or Death."
283
What happened in June of 1812?
Napoleon began the Russian campaign
284
What are citizens of one state entitled to when in another state? (Article IV-VII and Amendments)
All privileges and immunities
285
What did *Emile* help?
To formulate modern ideas about permissive child rearing and progressive education.
