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CHM 110 > Test 1 (Chapters 1-2) > Flashcards

Test 1 (Chapters 1-2) Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

What are active ingredients in soaps

A

Surfactant

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2
Q

What are macronutrients

A

What we eat to full are body

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3
Q

what are the 4 types of macronutrients

A

1) Proteins
2) Carbohydrates
3) Lipids
4) Nucleic Acids

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4
Q

What are micronutrients

A

minerals and vitamins (trace elements)

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5
Q

Name 3 classes of pharmaceuticals and what they do

A

1) antibiotics: kill bacteria
2) analgesics: pain reliever
3) antipyretics: reduce fever

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6
Q

What are some examples of organic compounds in life

A

dye’s and inks (such as computer ink)

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7
Q

Name some examples of chemistry in life

A

Pesticide (farming)
Fertilizer
Herbicide (weed killers)
Plastic Test Tubes (Medicine)

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8
Q

Name a few renewable resources

A

Trees
Water
Food Crops (corn; can also make ethanol)

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9
Q

Name a few Non-renewable resources

A

Coal
Petroleum
Natural Gas
(These are all fossil fuels)

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10
Q

What are fossil fuels

A

They are building blocks to make bigger molecules such as plastic (ex. Batteries)

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11
Q

Scientific Units

A

Length-Meter
Mass-Grams
Time-Seconds
Volume-Liters

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12
Q

Efforts to keep products at their listed specifications

A

Quality Control

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13
Q

Gathering knowledge wth the goal of creating new products or improving existing ones

A

Research and Development

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14
Q

Fundamental research that increases our understanding of the world

A

Basic Research

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15
Q

What kind of charge does a Neutron have and what is the mass

A

neutral (mass of 1)

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16
Q

What are 3 isotopes of Hydrogen

A

1) Hydrogen
2) Deuterium
3) Tritium (1P+2N)

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17
Q

Scientific International Prefixes

A 
giga- Billion (1,000,000,000)
mega- Million (1,000,000)
kilo- Thousand (1,000)
hecto- Hundred (100)
deca- Ten (10)
deci- Tenth (0.1)
centi- Hundredth (0.01)
milli- Thousandth (0.001)
micro- Millionth (0.000.001)
nano- Billionth (0.000.000.001)
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18
Q

The study of matter
Its composition
Its properties
Changes it undergoes

A

Chemistry

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19
Q

Innovation and refinement of products to make them better, more efficient and green

A

Product Formulation

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20
Q

proposed the “Bohr orbit model” of the atom in 1913

A

Neils Bohr

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21
Q

Atoms of the same element that differ int he number of neutrons and therefor in mass number

A

Isotopes

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22
Q

What are 3 isotopes of Hydrogen

A

1) Hydrogen (1P) (1/1 H)
2) Deuterium (1P+1N) (2/1 H)
3) Tritium (1P+2N) (3/1H)

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23
Q

A positively charged particle found within the nucleus of an atom

A

proton

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24
Q

A nuclear particle that carries no electric charge

A

Neutron

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25
Small, negatively charged particle located in shells surrounding tan atom's nucleus
Electron
26
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Atomic number
27
The combined number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Mass number
28
The weighed average of the masses of all of the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
Atomic mass
29
What is the most abundant element in the human body
Oxygen
30
What is the most abundant element in the Earth's crust
Oxygen
31
What is the most abundant element in the Earth's Hydrosphere
Oxygen
32
What is the most abundant element in the Earth's Atmosphere
Nitrogen
33
Periodic Table: 1
Hydrogen (H)
34
Periodic Table: 2
Helium (He)
35
Periodic Table: 3
Lithium (Li)
36
Periodic Table: 4
Beryllium (Be)
37
Periodic Table: 5
Boron (B)
38
Periodic Tabel: 6
Carbon (C)
39
Periodic Table: 7
Nitrogen (N)
40
Periodic Table: 8
Oxygen (O)
41
Periodic Table: 9
Fluorine (F)
42
Periodic Table: 10
Neon (Ne)
43
Periodic Table: 11
Sodium (Na)
44
Periodic Table: 12
Magnesium (Mg)
45
Periodic Table: 13
Aluminum (Al)
46
Periodic Table: 14
Silicon (Si)
47
Periodic Table: 15
Phosphorous (P)
48
Periodic Table: 16
Sulfur (S)
49
Periodic Tabel: 17
Chlorine (Cl)
50
Periodic Table: 18
Argon (Ar)
51
A transformation of matter that occurs without any change in chemical compositions
Physical Change
52
A process that produces substances with new chemical compositions
Chemical Change
53
Shortened form of surface-active agent, a chemical that accumulates at a liquid's surface and changes the properties of that surface
Surfactant
54
A very large molecule formed by the repeated combination of much smaller molecules
Polymer
55
Natural resources that can be renewed or replenished readily by natural processes
Renewable Resources
56
Natural resources that are not replenished readily by natural processes and become depleted as they are used
Non-renewable Resources
57
Considering a product's full environmental impact, form the process of obtaining its raw material to the disposal or recycling of the exhausted product
life-cycle assessment
58
Chemical practices that aim to conserve resources and reduce the generation of waste and toxic substances
Green Chemistry
59
Name the steps of the Scientific Method
``` Question Hypothesis Prediction Experiment Analysis Conclusion ```
60
The process by which science operates, involving the development of explanations for observations of he universe
Scientific Method
61
A tentative explanation for a relatively small set of observation
Hypothesis
62
A generally accepted principle based on a large set of confirmed observations
Theory
63
Fundamental units of the SI system, such as the meter, kilogram, and second
SI base units
64
Prefixes that scale an SI unit either larger or smaller by some factor of ten
SI Prefixes
65
Precise quantities upon which SI base units are defined
Reference standards
66
A method of converting from one unit to another by multiplying by one or more equivalences
unit cancellation
67
A fundamental particle of matter
Atom
68
The extremely small, dense center of the atom in which the atom's positive charge is localized
Nucleus
69
The orbits of electrons at fixed distances from the nucleus, as described in the Bohr model of the atom
Quantum shells
70
A measure of a body's resistance to acceleration
Mass
71
A force due to the pull of gravity on an object
Weight
72
An orderly arrangement of all chemical elements into rows (called periods) and columns (called or families)
Periodic Table
73
Rows in the periodic table
Periods
74
Columns in the periodic table
Groups

CHM 110 (5 decks)

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