test 1 (chap 1-5) Flashcards
_____ is the study of living things
biology
which statement about biological literacy is true
biological literacy is the ability to integrates ideas about biology into making wise decisions for ones self
thinking scientifically relies on…
objective observation and experimentation
in the laboratory, you see a fuzzy growth on some of the gels in your incubator. what is the name given to this step of the scientific method.
observation
if your hypothesis is “hair that is shaved grows back coarser and darker” what is the null hypothesis
there is no difference in the coarseness or color of the hair that is shaved relative to the hair that is not shaved
which statement is the most reasonable testable prediction for the hypothesis “all birds can fly”
examine the list of all known species of birds and determine if any species can’t fly
the purpose of the experimentation phase of the scientific method is to
gather evidence to either support or reject a hypothesis
if you conduct an experiment that rejects your hypothesis then…
the null hypothesis was a better fit to your data
a relationship that has been established based on a large amount of observational and experimental data is …
theory
which of the following qualifies as a randomized, double blind, controlled experimental study
A total of 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real sugar, 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with artificial sweetener, and 50 men and women of various ages are not given a candy bar. The people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. No one (the scientist, the observer, and the subjects) knows what type of candy bar was eaten, if any.
what type of evidence most increases our confidence in experimental results
three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result
During an experiment to determine if people with more symmetrical body features have a lower incidence of disease, a researcher first measures the length of several bones in the subject’s hands and arms. The device used to measure length does not display a readout of the measurement taken. Instead, a wire connects the measuring device to a computer that records the data. The computer monitor is kept out of sight of the subject and the researcher. Why is such an elaborate device used?
so that the measurements are not biased by the researcher
which of the following is a way that visual displays of data can potentially mislead readers
use of ambiguity in labeling
which of the studies has the least to do with legitimate scientific investigation
a study to determine whether evolutionary biology should be taught in elementary parochial school
the number of protons in an element, also called ______, identifies the element
atomic number
how an atom bonds with other atoms is chiefly determined by its
electrons
hydrogen bonds
an attraction between a slightly positive atom of one molecule and a slightly negative atom of another molecule
O2 atoms have 2 pairs of electrons shared between them, this is
a strong double bond
the tendency of molecules to stick together (cohesion) is stronger in water than other liquids because the polarity of the water allows an
hydrogen atom from one water molecule to form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen atom from another water molecule
hydrogen bonding among water molecules gives it what qualities
- strong cohesion among other water molecules
- lower density in a solid form
- serve as a solvent
- high heat capacity
a carbonated drink that has the pH 3 is _____ times more acidic than water
10,000
what is considered not to be a macromolecule
vitamins
all are ways that carbohydrates and lipids differ except
lipids contain significantly fewer carbon hydrogen bonds than in carbohydrates
in terms of structural materials: _____ is to plants as _____ is to lobsters and crabs
cellulose and chitin
