Test 1 ch 1-3 Flashcards
1
Q
1st sign of disease?
A
bleeding gums
2
Q
palpate
A
examine by touch; helps determine any abnormaities
3
Q
Anterior
A
or ventral; towards the front
4
Q
Posterior
A
or dorsal; towards the back
5
Q
____ are medial to the ears?
A
eyes
6
Q
____is anterior to the ears?
A
nose
7
Q
____are posterior to the nose?
A
ears
8
Q
medial
A
towards the middle
9
Q
Lateral
A
towards side or outside
10
Q
Buccal
A
cheek
11
Q
Labio-/labial
A
pertains to the lips
12
Q
Optic/ophthalmic
A
pertains to the eyes
13
Q
Naso-/nasal
A
pertains to the nose
14
Q
Auricle, acoustic
A
pertains to the ears
15
Q
Cutaneous
A
pertains to the skin
16
Q
Mental
A
pertains to the chin
17
Q
External
A
outside
18
Q
internal
A
inside
19
Q
superior
A
above, greater, larger
20
Q
inferior
A
below, smaller
21
Q
supra
A
above, over
22
Q
infra
A
below, under
23
Q
sub
A
below; subcutaneous means below the skin
24
Q
superficial
A
on surface
25
deep
far below surface
26
artery
blood vessels that carry blood away from heart
27
veins
blood vessels that carry blood back to heart
28
nerve
fibers that carry impulses between the brain and parts of the body; allows you to feel touch, pain, etc. and help initiate movement
29
Innervation
pertains to nerve supply
30
what are the areas most affected by illness/disease?
skin, pupils, and eyelids
31
how is skin affected by illness/disease?
loose connective tissue has less support than fibrous; easily distored by edema
32
what is edema?
swelling due to accumulation of fluid
33
how are pupils affected by illness/disease?
pupils normally dilated in darkness and constrict in light. pupils that dilated in light is NOT normal
34
how are eyelids affected by illness/disease?
edema usually shows up here first
35
what is the oral cavity?
inner portion of the mouth
36
where is the oral
| vestibule?
area between the cheek and buccal surfaces of teeth; also area between lips and facial surfaces of teeth
37
Oral cavity proper
space between lingual surfaces of teeth
38
lips external to____
the oral cavity
39
Nasolabial sulcus
groove between upper lip and check (smile lines)
40
Philtrum
vertical groove of upper lip; between nose and upper lip
41
Tubercle
thicker area in center of upper lip
42
Labiomental groove
dip between lower lip and chin
43
labial commissure
angle of mouth
44
vermillion zone
(also called red zone shown in orange)- transitional zone between skin of lips and mucous membranes of oral cavity
45
why is vermillion zone red?
bc of capillaries near surface
46
vermillion border
transitional zone between lips and skin (thin line around edge of lips
47
cheeks made of what muscles?
made up of buccinator going horizontally and masseter going vertically
48
buccal fat pad
fat tissue between buccinator and masseter (gives ppl round faces)
49
Labial frenum
fold of tissue between lip and alveolar mucosa; one in maxillary and mandible
50
Buccal frenum
fold of tissue between lip and alveolar mucosa; one in maxillary and mandible/ canine and premolar
51
Maxillary tuberosity
- small, round area of bone posterior to last maxillary tooth
52
Retromolar area
triangular are of bone posterior to last mandibular tooth
53
Palate
roof of mouth; superior border of oral cavity
54
Hard palate
Bony whiter anterior arched portion;( firmly attached to bone/ pale color)
55
Palatine raphe
midline ridge of hard palate from incisive papilla
56
Palatine rugae
transverse palatine folds; ridges that extend laterally
57
Soft palate
made of muscle and loosely woven connective tissue
58
Sulcus terminals
v shaped sulcus separating anterior 2/3 from posterior 1/3
59
Foramen cecum
posterior end of sulcus terminals; pit which makes the site of origin of thyroid gland (top of the v shape of sulcus terminals)
60
Median lingual sulcus
longitudinal depression down the midline of tongue
61
Papillae
aka taste buds; small elevations on tongue
62
circumvallete
arranged in a line anterior & parallel to the V-shaped sulcus terminalis; they are surrounded by a trough
63
Fungiform papillae
- bright red projections on (tip) apex of tongue; sweet/sour/salty; tiny in size
64
Foliate papillae
side of tongue; sour; lateral surfaces
65
Filiform
small elevations on body of tongue; rarely has taste buds
66
underside of tongue
aka sublingual region; mucous membrane thin and vascular; can see with naked eye the deep lingual artery which supplies anterior 2/3 of tongue and the lingual veins that carries blood back to heart
67
Lingual frenum
fold of mucous membrane that goes from root of tongue to floor of mouth
68
Sublingual sulcus
horseshoe shaped area under tongue surrounding lingual frenum
69
purpose of salivary glands?
- mix with food and make easier to swallow
- aid in digestion (begins)
- lubricate mucous membrane of mouth
70
types of salivary glands?
serous
mucous
mixed
71
serous salivary gland
thin and watery saliva; contains amylase (digestive enzyme that breaks down starches)
72
Mucous
thick and ropey; still 99% water; contains mucins that break down starches; contains proteins that inhibit caries and periodontal disease
73
Mixed
some salivary glands produce both types
74
major salivary glands
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
75
parotid salivary gland (size and location)
huge; located anterior to ear; lays on top of masseter muscle
76
what type of saliva does the parotid gland produce?
serous saliva
77
duct name for the parotid gland?
Stenson's Duct; travels on outside of masseters and then pierces buccinator and opens in check opposite of maxillary 2nd molar
78
what infection affects parotid gland?
mumps
79
Submandibular gland: location, produces?
-located medial to mandible, posterior part of bud within submandibular fossa(can feel with external oral exam
-Produces 60-65% of resting saliva volume (for lubrication)
-
80
what duct is affiliated with submandibular gland?
Wharton's duct; runs anterior from gland and opens into mouth at sublingual caruncle at base of lingual frenum under tongue
81
Sublingual gland: size, location, produces?
smallest; anterior floor of mouth by canines; mostly mucous (sublingual caruncle)
-Produces: 10% of saliva
82
what duct is affiliated with sublingual gland?
Bartholin's duct
minor: : Rivinian ducts
- opens same place as submandibular gland
83
purpose of minor salivary glands
mainly for lubrications of mucosa
84
Labial glands
located in submucosa of lips (midline)
85
Buccal glands located?
located in buccal mucosa; more in posterior
86
Lingual glands
located on back of tongue in troughs that surround circumvallete papillae (called glands of Von Ebner) and under surface of tongue; serous
87
Sialolith
salivary stone-blocks drainage of saliva from duct
| -causes gland enlargement
88
Major gland lesion
called ranula
89
Minor gland lesion
called mucocele
90
Incisive glands
located on floor of mouth behind mandibular incisors
91
Palatine glands located?
entire region of soft palate and posterior part of hard palate
92
anatomic nomenclature
system of names for anatomic structures
93
anatomic position
body standing erect, arms at sides with palms and toes directed forward and eyes looking forward
94
midsagittal plane
also median
| divides body into equal right and left halves
95
sagittal plane
divides the body parallel to midsagittal plane
96
coronal plane
also frontal plane
| divides body into posterior and anterior parts
97
transverse plane
also axial
| divides body horizontally into superior and inferior
98
eyes are ___to the ears
medial
99
ears are ___to the eyes
lateral
100
proximal
area closer to the midsagittal/median plane
101
distal
area farther from the midsagittal/median plane
102
a structure on the same side of the body as another structure is ?
ipsilateral
103
a structure on the opposite side of the body from another structure is?
contralateral
104
the skin is ___ to the bones
superficial
105
bones are ___ to the skin
deep
106
what is surface anatomy?
the study of the structural relationships of the external features of the body tot he internal orangs and parts; provides essential landmarks
107
what are the regions of the head?
frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, auricula, orbital, nasal, infraorbital, zygomatic, buccal, oral, and mental
108
front region includes:
forehead and area superior to eyes
109
supraorbital ridge:
directly inferior to each eyebrow
110
glabella
smooth elevated area between eyebrows
111
frontal eminence
prominence of forehead (most)
112
parietal region and occipital region:
both covered by scalp and defined b the related deeper bones
113
temporal region
contains the temple; superficial side of the head; posterior to each eye (surface area of head and behind the eyes)
114
auricular region
each side of head containing external ear
115
external ear is composed of?
auricle or oval flap of the ear and centrally located external acoustic meatus
116
external acoustic meatus (EAM)
tube which sound waves are transmitted to middle ear within skull
117
tragus
smaller flap of tissue of the auricle anterior to the external acoustic meatus
118
antittragus
tissue opposite of tragus
119
intertragic notch
small groove between tragus and antitragus
120
orbital region includes:
each side of the head, eyeball, orbit (eye socket)
121
width of each eye is?
usually same distance between the eyes
122
pupil?
opening center of the iris
123
lacrimal glands located and produce?
behind each upper eyelid deep within the orbit. they produce lacrimal fluid (tears)
124
conjunctiva
delicate and thin membrane lining the inside of the eyelids and the front of eyeball
125
lateral cantus
outer corner where eyelids meet
126
medial cantus
inner corner of the eye
127
nasal region main feature
external nose
128
root of nose
located between the eyes
129
nasion
inferior to glabella, superior to root of nose (dip on bridge)
130
infraorbital region
located inferior to the orbital region and lateral to nasal region
131
zygomatic region
overlies the cheekbone
132
zygomatic arch also known as ?
cheek bone
133
buccal region
composed of soft tissue of the cheek
134
masseter muscle
muscle on cheek, felt when teeth are clenched
135
blood supply of the lip
comes from superior and inferior labial arteries that branch from the facial arteries
136
what nerve provides sensation to lower lip
mental nerve
137
angle of the mandible
sharp bend of the lower jaw
138
what marks the anterior border of the oral cavity?
lips
139
what marks the posterior border of oral cavity?
throat/pharynx
140
lateral border of oral cavity?
cheeks
141
superior border of oral cavity
roof of the mouth
142
inferior border of oral cavity
floor of the mouth
143
gingiva
also called gums
144
vestibular fornix
deep within each vestibule; where the pink and thick labial or buccal mucosa meets the redder and thinner alveolar mucosa
145
interdental gingiva
gingival tissue between adjacent teeth adjoining attached gingiva; each individual extension being an interdental papilla
146
pterygomandibular fold
vertical fold of tissue that extends from the junction of the hard and soft palates to the medial side of the mandibular ramus
147
plica fimbriata
lateral to the deep lingual veins on each side ; fold with fringelike projections
148
relation of the tongue dorsal and ventral mean?
dorsal top of tongue
| ventral underside of tongue
149
fauces (anterior and posterior)
opening from the oral region into the oropharynx; laterally on each side by folds of tissue created by the underlying muscles
150
palatine tonsils
located between each of fauces of the pillars
151
sternocleidomastoid muscle
large strap muscle; divides each side of the neck diagonally
152
thyroid cartilage
visible as the laryngeal prominence aka Adams apple
153
superior thyroid notch
thyroid cartilage is superior to laryngeal prominence (adams apple)
154
hyoid bone
located anterior midline superior to the thyroid cartilage
155
Bones of the skull____, form the____ , and participate in the growth of the____.
surround the brain
facial skeleton
jaws
156
how many bones in the skull (excluding the 3 bones of ear)
22 bones
157
8 bones of the neurocranium:
```
o Frontal bone
o Sphenoid bone
o Ethmoid bone
o Occipital bone
o Temporal bones
o Parietal bones
```
158
neurocranium
brain
159
which neurocranium bones are single?
frontal
sphenoid
ethmoid
occipital
160
which neurocranium bones are paired?
temporal bones and parietal bones
161
14 viscerocranium bones
```
mandible
vomer
nasal
lacrimal
zygomatic
inferior nasal conchae
palatine bones
maxillae
```
162
viscerocranium means
face
163
which are the single viscerocranium bone
mandible and vomer
164
paired viscerocranium bones
```
o Vasal bones
o Lacrimal bones
o Zygomatic bones
o Inferior nasal conchae
o Palatine bones
o Maxillae (paired)
```
165
what does the tympanic surrround?
external acoustic meatus; small, irregular shaped
166
temporal bone includes:
squamous portion, tympanic, petrous portion, styloid process
167
what is the squamous portion?
large fan-shaped flat part on each of temporal bones
168
petrous portion
inferiorly located and helps form the cranial floor; bottom part mastoid process
169
what is the styloid process?
pointed spicule of bone that serves as point of attachment for muscles and ligaments
170
what are sutures?
JOINT in the cranium. Appears as a jagged line where two bones meet. Very slightly moveable; absorbs force of blow to the heard. Wider in infants (lots of falls)
171
what are the different types of sutures?
squamous, coronal, sagittal, and lambdoidal
172
what does the squamous suture do?
joins parietal and temporal bones
173
what does the coronal suture do?
joins frontal and parietal bones
174
what does the sagittal suture do?
joins the parietal bones
175
what does the lambdoidal suture do?
joins the occipital and parietal bones
176
what does foramen mean?
hole
177
where is the bregma?
intersection between coronal and sagittal sutures
178
where is lambda?
intersection of sagittal and lambdoidal sutures
179
where is the vertex ?
highest point on top of skull, along sagittal suture
180
where is the parietal eminence?
highest point on each parietal bone
181
where is the temporal fossa?
indentation on sides of head covering front, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones (contains body of temporalis)
182
what is the area eyes of the top of the skull
frontal bone
183
area below the eyes to the occlusal plane comprises
the paired zygomatic and paired maxillae
184
what do the nasal bones form?
bridge of the nose
185
lower jaw is formed by?
mandible
186
what is the piriform aperture ?
anterior opening of cavity (hole you see when you slice off front of nose)
187
where is the landmark for the anterior nasal spine?
maxilla
188
what forms the nasal septum?
cartilage, vomer, and ethmoid
189
cheek is formed by?
zygoma, zygomatic arch
190
Alveolar processes
sockets that hold teeth, covered by gingiva; resorption occurs (wearing away ) with periodontal disease and tooth loss
191
Canine eminence
elevation of bone over canine root
192
Maxillary tuberosity
posterior to 3rd molar
193
Incisive foramen
opening for nasopalatine nerve which innervates hard palate, covered by incisive papilla
194
Median palatine suture
joins right and left maxillae
195
Transverse palatine suture
joins maxilla and palatine bones
196
extends off the medial pterygoid plate
Hamulus
197
Pterygoid or scaphoid fossa
- (more a large indentation than a groove)-found between the medial and lateral pterygoid plates
198
Foramen ovale means
oval hole
199
Foramen rotundum means
round hole
200
Foramen ovale found
in sphenoid bone; mandible division of the 5th cranial nerve of trigeminal nerve
201
Carotid canal is on what none? Carries what?
in temporal bone-carries the internal carotid artery
202
Stylomastoid foramen found where? Carries what ?
-temporal bone-carries the facial or 7th cranial nerve
203
Jugular foramen found where ? Carries what ?
between occipital and temporal bones- carries the internal jugular vein and 9th, 10th, and 11th cranial nerves
204
Foramen magnum
in occipital bone- carries spinal cord and 11th cranial nerve
205
5th cranial nerves
trigeminal nerve
206
7th cranial nerve
facial nerve
207
Mandibular fossa found on what bone?
on temporal bone; may be called glenoid fossa
208
Submandibular fossa contains ?
contains submandibular salivary gland
209
Mandibular foramen carries? Found on what bone ?
inferior alveolar nerve and artery
210
Lingula
protects mandibular foramen
211
Mylohyoid groove
indentation going anterior from mandibular foramen; mylohyoid nerve travels in it
212
Mylohyoid line
ridge on the medial surface of the mandible where the mylohyoid muscle attaches
213
Back notch of ramus
condyle
214
hyoid bone located?
anterior of neck
215
what bone is hyoid bone connected to?
none
216
how is hyoid held in place?
by muscles and ligaments
217
hyoid bone used to?
allows mobility for speech and swallowing
218
Great and lesser horns oh hyoid bone ?
points of attachments for muscles and ligaments
219
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
the articulation (which means to unite by a joint) between the temporal bone and the mandible. Specifically, the condyle of the mandible articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
220
Synovial fluid
helps lubricate joint
221
any prominence on bony surface
process
222
specific type of prominence on bony surface
condyle
223
rounded projection from bony surface
head
224
large rough prominence on bony surface
tuberosity
225
prominence shaped like a bridge
arch
226
hornlike prominence on bony surface
cornu
227
small rounded eminence on bony surface
tubercle
228
prominent border or ridge on bony surface
crest
229
straight ridge on bony surface
line
230
blunt or sharply pointed projection
spine
231
one type of depression with indentation on the edge
notch
232
groove for blood vessels or nerves on bony surface
sulcus
233
generally deeper depression on bony surface
fossa
234
pitlike depression on bony surface that is small
fovea
235
flat structure of bone
plate
236
opening like a window in bone
foramen
237
narrow and cleftlike opening in bone
fissure
238
smaller opening in bone into a hollow organ or canal
ostium
239
narrow opening in bone
aperture
240
type of canal in bone
meatus
241
longer narrow tube-like opening in bone
canal
242
area where bones are joined to each other
articulation
243
union between two or more bones
joint
244
union of bones with a jagged line
suture
245
broken bone due to physical force
fracture
246
mineralized structure protecting the internal tissue
bone
247
each middle ear has how many bones? what are they?
3-malleus, incus, and stapes
248
function of the 3 bones of the ear?
transmit and amplify vibrations to the inner ear by way of the tympanic membrane or eardrum
249
which suture looks more serrated looking than others?
lambdoidal suture
250
what bones form the orbit?
frontal, ethmoid, lacrimal, maxilla, zygomatic, and greater wing of spehnoid
251
functions of each bone of the orbit? (etc roof, floor, walls)
```
frontal is the roof
ethmoid-greatest part of medial walls
lacrimal-anterior medial corner
maxilla- floor
zygomatic- anterior lateral walls
greater wing of sphenoid- posterior of lateral wall
```
252
what is a bony prominence?
areas on bone that are close to skins surface; barely have any cushioning) ex. elbow, back of head, shoulder)
253
describe growth of upper face
occurs at sutures between the maxillae and other bones; and bony surfaces
254
describe growth of lower fac
occurs in bony surfaces of mandible and at head of its condyle
255
growth occurs in all bones of skull except?
middle ear bones
256
what is the orbital apex? what is it composed of?
deepest part of the orbit; composed of lesser wing of sphenoid and palatine bone
257
orbital apex has round opening called?
optic canal
258
what passes through the optic canal?
2nd cranial nerve/optic nerve; ophthalmic artery
259
lateral to optic canal is ?
superior orbital fissure
260
what does the superior orbital fissure do?
connects the orbit with the cranial cavity
261
what travels through the superior orbital fissure?
the 3rd cranial/ophthalmic nerve and vein
262
where is the inferior orbital fissure located?
between the greater wind of sphenoid bone and maxilla
263
what travels through the inferior orbital fissure?
infraorbital and zygomatic nerves and inferior ophthalmic vein
264
describe orbital rim
rectangular shaped with rounded corners; its margin discontinuous at the lacrimal fossa
265
what bones contribute to the orbital rim
frontal, zygomatic and maxilla
266
what is the zygomaticomaxillary suture?
notch found between 2 bones that form the infraorbital rim: zygomatic bone with its maxillary process and maxilla with its zygomatic process
267
what is the temporal fossa
formed by parts of several bones; contains temporalis muscle
268
zygomatic arch forms union of ?
slender zygomatic process of temporal bone and broad temporal process of zygomatic bone
269
what are fovea palatine and where are they located
2 small depression on each side of midline; located anterior to junction of the hard and soft palate; no anatomic function
270
frontal bone fused around what age?
5 or 6 years of age
271
what are the paired cranial bones?
Parietal and Temporal
272
where is the occipital bone located?
forms the posterior part of the skull and base of cranium
273
describe the occipital bone
irregular four-sided bone that is somewhat curved
274
what bones does the occipital bone articulate with?
Parietal bones
temporal bone
and sphenoid bone
first cervical vertebra/atlas
275
largest bone located on occipital bone that is usually filled with cartilage ? and what does it allow to pass through?
foramen magnum; allows spinal cord, vertebral arteries, cervical part of the 11th cranial /accessory nerve pass
276
where and what are the occipital condyles?
located on the lateral part anterior to the foramen magnum. they are curved and smooth projections
277
occipital condyles have what time of articulation to where?
occipital condyles have moveable articulation with with atlas (1st vertebrae)
278
what is the basilar part of the occipital bone?
a four-sided plate anterior to the foramen magnum
279
what is the suture name that joins the parietals and occiptal? v shaped
lambdoidal suture (single)
280
What canal is located on the occipital bone? and what does it allow passage to?
the hypoglossal canals; passage to 12th cranial nerves and blood vessels
281
what is the suture that extends across the skull between the frontal bone and each parietal bone?
coronal suture (paried)
282
where and what is the anterior fontanelle?
located intersection where frontal and both parietal bones meet; called "soft spot" is diamond shaped
283
suture that extends from the anterior to posterior of the skull at midline of parietal bones?
sagittal suture
284
describe orbital walls and which bones are they composed of
frontal bone forms the roof
ethmoid bone is greatest part of medial wall
lacrimal is the anterior medial corner
zygomatic anterior part of lateral wall
greater wing of sphenoid is posterior part of lateral wall maxilla is the floor
285
what is the deepest part of the orbit?
orbital apex
286
what is the orbital apex composed of?
both lesser win of sphenoid and palatine bone (a small inferior part
287
what is the round opening in the orbital apex?
optic canal
288
location of the optic canal?
lies between the two roots of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone
289
what passes through the optic canal?
2nd cranial/ optic nerves to reach the eyeball
290
how are bones in the skull divided?
cranial bones and facial bones
291
suture that joins frontal and nasal bones?
frontonasal suture
292
suture that joins anterior maxillae and posterior palatine?
median palatine suture
293
suture that joins temporal and parietal?
squamosal
294
suture that joins temporal and zygomatic?
temporozygomatic suture
295
suture that joins maxillae and palatine bones?
transverse palatine suture
296
suture that joins zygomatic and maxillae?
zygomaticomaxillary
297
Name the facial bones
inferior nasal conchae, larcrimal, mandible, maxillae, vomer, and zygomatic bones
298
which facial bones are paired?
inferior nasal conchae, lacrimal, maxillae, and zygomatic
299
anterior opening of the nasal cavity?
piriform aperture
300
bones that form lateral boundaries of nasal cavity?`
maxillae, 3 nasal conchae (superior, middle, and inferior)
301
cheekbone area name? and suture of area? and what bones form this area?
zygomatic/zygomatic arch
suture: temporozygomatic
bones: zygomatic process of the temporal bone and temporal process of the zygomatic bone
302
what is the nasal meatus?
distinct air passages of the lateral nasal cavity located inferior to each nasal conchae.
303
temporomandibular joint articulates with?
temporal bone and mandible
304
sutures located on hard palate?
transverse palatine suture
305
what bones form the hard palate?
the palatine processes of the maxilla (anterior) and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones (posterior)
306
located posterior border of the hard palate ?
posterior nasal apertures; formed by vomer, horizontal plate of palatine bone, medial pterygoid plate of palatine, medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid, and body of sphenoid
307
process of the sphenoid bone?
lesser wing, greater wing, hamuli, pterygoid
308
plates of the sphenoid bone?
medial and lateral pterygoid plates
309
what fossa is located between the sphenoid bone?
pterygoid fossa is located between the medial and lateral pterygoid plates
310
large anterior ovale opening on sphenoid bone; what passes through it?
foramen ovale; mandibular nerve (3rd division) of 5th cranial/trigeminal nerve
311
smaller opening on sphenoid bone; what passes through it?
foramen spinosum; carries middle meningeal artery into cranial cavity
312
what spine is located near foramen spinosum?
spine of the sphenoid bone (posterior extremity of sphenoid bone)
313
large irregular shaped opening on external surface of skull; normally filled with cartilage
foramen lacerum
314
where is the carotid canal located and what does it carry?
posterolateral to the foramen lacerum; round opening of petrous part of temporal bone; carries the internal carotid artery and carotid plexus of nerves
315
pointed projection of temporal bone
styloid process
316
what foramen is located immediately posterior to the carotid canal?
stylomastoid foramen
317
what is the stylomastoid foramen an opening for?
7th cranial/facial nerve exit from skull
318
what and where is the jugular foramen?
just medial to the styloid process/visible if skull is titled to one side; opening for internal jugular vein ad 3 cranial nerves: 9th/glossopharyngeal, 10th cranial/vagus, and 11th/accessory nerve
319
where is the cribriform plate and what passes through it?
located internal surface of skull multiple foramina for 1st cranial or olfactory nerve
320
where is the foramen rotundum and what passes through it?
Sphenoid bone ; opening for maxillary nerve of 5th cranial/trigeminal nerve
321
where is the internal acoustic meatus and what passes through it?
Temporal bone ;opening for 7th cranial/facial nerve and 8th cranial /vestibulocochlear nerve
322
where is the hypoglossal canal and what does it carry?
Occipital bone ; opening for 12th cranial/hypoglossal nerve
323
what bones form lateral walls of skull and what do they articulate with?
temporal bones; articulates with zygomatic, parietal , occipital, sphenoid, mandible
324
3 parts of temporal bone?
squamous, tympanic, and petrous
325
what does the frontal bone articulate with?
parietal, sphenoid, lacrimal, nasal, ethmoid, zygomatic and maxilla
326
supraorbital notch located?
medial part below the supraorbital rim
327
what do the parietal bones articulate with?
occipital, frontal, temporal, sphenoid
328
what bones form zygomatic arch
temporal process of zygomatic and zygomatic process of temporal
329
what is the landmark on the inferior part of the temporal bone that is part of the articulation of the tmj?
articular fossa on inferior surface of zygomatic process of temporal bone
330
single cranial bone that at midline that adjoins vomer
sphenoid bone
331
what does the sphenoid bone articulate with?
frontal, parietal, ethmoid, temporal, zygomatic, palatine, vomer, occipital, and maxillae
332
paired facial bones that form bridge of the nose
nasal bones
333
nasal bones articulate with?
maxillae and frontal
334
what pair of bones project off the maxillae for form lateral walls of nasal cavity?
inferior nasal conchae
335
what is inferior nasal conchae composed of?
fragile thin and spongy bone curved on itself
336
what do the inferior nasal conchae's articulate with?
ethmoid, lacrimal, palatine and maxillae
337
what forms the cheekbone?
paired zygomatic bones
338
zygomatic bones articulate with?
frontal, temporal, sphenoid, maxilla
339
what bone forms lateral part of orbital wall?
frontal process of the zygomatic bone
340
maxilla articulates with?
frontal, lacrimal, nasal, inferior nasal conchae, vomer, sphenoid, ethmoid, palatine, and zygomatic
341
what bone covers upper jaw teeth?
covered by prominent facial ridge of bone, part of alveolar process of maxilla
342
free moveable bone of skull?
mandible
343
bony prominence of the chin?
mental protuberance
344
opening on external surface of lower jaw (between apices of mandibular 1st and 2nd premolar)
mental foramen
345
what does mental foramen carry?
mental nerve and blood vessels into mandibular canal
346
part of lower jaw that contains roots?
alveolar process of the mandible
347
depression located between coronoid process and condyle of the mandible
mandibular notch
348
what is the external oblique ridge?
the bony demarcation where ramus and body of mandible join
349
small midline projections on internal surface of mandible
genial tubercles which serve as muscle attachments
350
where is mylohyoid located and what its function?
landmark located on medial surface of mandible; point of attachment for mylohyoid musle
351
shallow depression located inferior to mandibular posterior teeth and similar depression superior part of mylohyoid line?
sublingual fossa
352
opening on internal surface of the ramus?
mandibular foramen
353
mandibular foramen opening for?
mandibular canal
354
what groove is near mandibular foramen? what travels in it?
mylohyoid groove; mylohyoid nerve and blood vessels pass through
