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anatomy 202 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The ___ has both endocrine and exocrine

A

pancreas

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2
Q

_______ are unicellular exocrine glands that secrete mucous

A

Goblet cells

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3
Q

_______are amino-acid based hormones

A

proteins

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4
Q

___ are lipid-based hormones

A

Steroids

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5
Q

local hormones are ______ based

A

prostaglandins

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6
Q

Hormone control is through ______

A

negative feedback

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7
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by other hormones
A

hormonal stimuli

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8
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by changing blood levels of ions and nutrients
A

humeral stimuli

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9
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by nervous system
A

neural stimuli

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10
Q
  • part of the epithalamus
A

pineal

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11
Q

pinealocytes secrete ______

A

melatonin

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12
Q
  • a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system (true master gland)
A

hypothalamus

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13
Q

____ and ____ are made and stored in the posterior pituitary gland, and other hormones that are made target the anterior pituitary gland; called releasing hormones or Inhibiting hormones

A

adh and oxytocin

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14
Q

________ seated in the sella turcica; connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum

A

pituitary gland

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15
Q

_______ - not an actual gland, stores and releases Hypothalamic hormones

A

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

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16
Q

ADH inhibits _____

A

urine formation

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17
Q

Osmoreceptors of hypothalamus monitor _____

A

solute concentration

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18
Q

Alcohol is a ______ - prevents release of ADH

A

diuretic

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19
Q

Diabetes Insipidus -

A

tasteless urine

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20
Q

____ - stimulant of uterine contraction during labor

A

Oxytocin

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21
Q
  • tropic hormones control other glands (traditional master gland)
A

anterior pituitary lobe

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22
Q
  • thyroid stimulating hormone
A

TSH

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23
Q
  • promotes the release of corticosteroids from the adrenal cortex
A

ACTH

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24
Q

________ target reproductive organs

A

Gonadotropins

25
- gamete production (sperm or eggs)
FSH
26
- release of gonadal hormones (testosterone or estrogen)
LH
27
____ cells produce testosterone
ICSH interstitial
28
____ targets the epiphyseal plate
GH growth hormone
29
- hypersecretion of GH after closure of growth plate
Acromegaly
30
- hypersecretion of GH before closure of growth plates
Gigantism
31
_____ stimulates lactation
prolactin PRL
32
Iodine is required for the ___
thyroid gland
33
is responsible for Basal Metabolic Rate
Thyroxine
34
- rate at which cells expand energy
Basal Metabolic Rate
35
_____ is responsible for calcium deposit in bones
Calcitonin
36
_______works against calcitonin by withdrawing calcium from bone
parathyroid gland
37
-produces cells of the immune system | Larger in children but as one grows it shrinks until it is only scar tissue
thymus
38
- part of the sympathetic nervous system located on top of the kidneys secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine known as adrenalin; responsible for flight or fight response
adrenal gland
39
______ secretes corticosteroids
adrenal cortex
40
mineralocorticoids - regulates __ and ___
K and Na
41
______ conserves Na and releases K also influences water regulation
Aldosterone
42
Water follows ____
Na
43
__________ - cortisol -anti inflammatory but reduces immune response keeps blood glucose levels constant and maintains blood pressure
glucocorticoids
44
Hypersecretion - _________ ____ | depresses cartilage and bone formation , depresses immune system, disrupts heart and other functions
cushing's disease
45
Hyposecretion - _______ _____ involves deficits in mineralocorticoids weight loss, dehydration and hypotension
Addison's disease
46
- chemically similar to sex hormones
Gonadocorticoids
47
_____ cells make glucagon | hypoglycemic hormone lowers and increases blood sugar
Alpha
48
_____ cells make insulin (lowers blood sugar)
Beta
49
diabetes mellitus “______ ____ _____ ”
honey urine disease
50
polyuria -
much urine
51
polydipsia -
much thirst
52
polyphagia -
much hunger
53
Type 1 diabetes occurs during the ______
juvenile onset
54
Type 2 diabetes occurs during the ______
mature onset
55
________ regulates sugar entry into cells, without insulin the cells are starved
insulin
56
_____ - metabolic acidosis pH drops
ketosis
57
blood acidity is at _________
7.35-7.45
58
- produce estrogen and progesterone
ovaries and the corpus luteum
59
- produce testosterone which is produced by the interstitial cells
testes

anatomy 202 (4 decks)

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