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anatomy 202 > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The ___ has both endocrine and exocrine

A

pancreas

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2
Q

_______ are unicellular exocrine glands that secrete mucous

A

Goblet cells

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3
Q

_______are amino-acid based hormones

A

proteins

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4
Q

___ are lipid-based hormones

A

Steroids

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5
Q

local hormones are ______ based

A

prostaglandins

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6
Q

Hormone control is through ______

A

negative feedback

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7
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by other hormones
A

hormonal stimuli

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8
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by changing blood levels of ions and nutrients
A

humeral stimuli

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9
Q
  • hormone release is stimulated by nervous system
A

neural stimuli

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10
Q
  • part of the epithalamus
A

pineal

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11
Q

pinealocytes secrete ______

A

melatonin

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12
Q
  • a link between the nervous system and the endocrine system (true master gland)
A

hypothalamus

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13
Q

____ and ____ are made and stored in the posterior pituitary gland, and other hormones that are made target the anterior pituitary gland; called releasing hormones or Inhibiting hormones

A

adh and oxytocin

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14
Q

________ seated in the sella turcica; connected to the hypothalamus by the infundibulum

A

pituitary gland

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15
Q

_______ - not an actual gland, stores and releases Hypothalamic hormones

A

Posterior lobe of pituitary gland

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16
Q

ADH inhibits _____

A

urine formation

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17
Q

Osmoreceptors of hypothalamus monitor _____

A

solute concentration

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18
Q

Alcohol is a ______ - prevents release of ADH

A

diuretic

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19
Q

Diabetes Insipidus -

A

tasteless urine

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20
Q

____ - stimulant of uterine contraction during labor

A

Oxytocin

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21
Q
  • tropic hormones control other glands (traditional master gland)
A

anterior pituitary lobe

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22
Q
  • thyroid stimulating hormone
A

TSH

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23
Q
  • promotes the release of corticosteroids from the adrenal cortex
A

ACTH

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24
Q

________ target reproductive organs

A

Gonadotropins

25
Q
  • gamete production (sperm or eggs)
A

FSH

26
Q
  • release of gonadal hormones (testosterone or estrogen)
A

LH

27
Q

____ cells produce testosterone

A

ICSH interstitial

28
Q

____ targets the epiphyseal plate

A

GH growth hormone

29
Q
  • hypersecretion of GH after closure of growth plate
A

Acromegaly

30
Q
  • hypersecretion of GH before closure of growth plates
A

Gigantism

31
Q

_____ stimulates lactation

A

prolactin PRL

32
Q

Iodine is required for the ___

A

thyroid gland

33
Q

is responsible for Basal Metabolic Rate

A

Thyroxine

34
Q
  • rate at which cells expand energy
A

Basal Metabolic Rate

35
Q

_____ is responsible for calcium deposit in bones

A

Calcitonin

36
Q

_______works against calcitonin by withdrawing calcium from bone

A

parathyroid gland

37
Q

-produces cells of the immune system

Larger in children but as one grows it shrinks until it is only scar tissue

A

thymus

38
Q
  • part of the sympathetic nervous system located on top of the kidneys
    secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine known as adrenalin; responsible for flight or fight response
A

adrenal gland

39
Q

______ secretes corticosteroids

A

adrenal cortex

40
Q

mineralocorticoids - regulates __ and ___

A

K and Na

41
Q

______ conserves Na and releases K also influences water regulation

A

Aldosterone

42
Q

Water follows ____

A

Na

43
Q

__________ - cortisol -anti inflammatory but reduces immune response
keeps blood glucose levels constant and maintains blood pressure

A

glucocorticoids

44
Q

Hypersecretion - _________ ____

depresses cartilage and bone formation , depresses immune system, disrupts heart and other functions

A

cushing’s disease

45
Q

Hyposecretion - _______ _____
involves deficits in mineralocorticoids
weight loss, dehydration and hypotension

A

Addison’s disease

46
Q
  • chemically similar to sex hormones
A

Gonadocorticoids

47
Q

_____ cells make glucagon

hypoglycemic hormone lowers and increases blood sugar

A

Alpha

48
Q

_____ cells make insulin (lowers blood sugar)

A

Beta

49
Q

diabetes mellitus “______ ____ _____ ”

A

honey urine disease

50
Q

polyuria -

A

much urine

51
Q

polydipsia -

A

much thirst

52
Q

polyphagia -

A

much hunger

53
Q

Type 1 diabetes occurs during the ______

A

juvenile onset

54
Q

Type 2 diabetes occurs during the ______

A

mature onset

55
Q

________ regulates sugar entry into cells, without insulin the cells are starved

A

insulin

56
Q

_____ - metabolic acidosis pH drops

A

ketosis

57
Q

blood acidity is at _________

A

7.35-7.45

58
Q
  • produce estrogen and progesterone
A

ovaries and the corpus luteum

59
Q
  • produce testosterone which is produced by the interstitial cells
A

testes

anatomy 202 (4 decks)

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