Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Experimental Psychology > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What makes something a science is not ______ is studied, but _____ it is studied.

A

What makes something a science is not WHAT is studied, but HOW it is studied.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 5 areas of psychological research?

A
  1. Psychobiology
  2. Cognition
  3. Human Development
  4. Social Psychology
  5. Psychotherapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

________ Conducts research on the physical, social, and cognitive development period throughout the life span.

A

Human Development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

______ is interested in how we view and affect one another. It combines the disciplines of psychology and sociology; howbeing part of a group affects the individual.

A

Social psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

______ is designed to access whether a therapy is effective in helping individuals.

A

Psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

________ combines biology and psychology. Researchers in this area typically study brain organization or the chemicals within the brain (neurotransmitters).

A

Psychobiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

_________ is the study of the mind, how humans process, store, and retrieve information; solve problems, use reasoning and logic, make decisions, and use language.

A

Cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Because of the research in the area of ___________, a link was discovered between schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease and various neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to research on possible drug therapies for these illnesses

A

Psychobiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Research in the area of ________ led to better understanding of prenatal development and hence better prenatal care, knowledge of cognitive development and limitations in children and greater awareness of the effects of peer pressure on adolescents.

A

Human Development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Research in the area of ________ led researchers to develop methods of how memory works, ways to improve memory, methods to improve problem solving and intelligence, and theories of language acquisition.

A

Cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Milgram’s classic experiments on obedience to authority and Zimbardo’s classic prison simulation are both examples of experiments conducted in the area of _____________.

A

Social Psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

‘Would improvements have occurred without the therapy, or did they improve simply because they thought the therapy was supposed to help?’ Is an example a researcher in the area of ____________ would ask.

A

Psychotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 7 sources of knowledge?

SIATRES

A
  1. Superstition
  2. Intuition
  3. Authority
  4. Tenacity
  5. Rationalism
  6. Empiricism
  7. Science
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Knowledge is gained without being consciously aware of where the knowledge came from.

A

Intuition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Knowledge gained from repeated ideas that are stubbornly clung to despite evidence to the contrary. Not empirical or logical; authority figure may not be an expert in the area.

A

Tenacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

knowledge gained through logical reasoning. Logical but not empirical.

A

Rationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Knowledge gained through a combination of empirical methods and logical reasoning. A merger of rationalism and empiricism. The only acceptable way for researchers/ scientists to gain knowledge.

A

Science

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Acquiring knowledge that is based on subjected feelings, interpreting random events as nonrandom events, or believing in magical events. Can be based on fear and ignorance.

A

Superstition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Knowledge gained through objective observations of organisms and events in the real world/ experiences of your senses. Empirical but not necessarily logical or systematic. Too casual. Not connected to an objective well enough to give it focus.

A

Empiricism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Knowledge gained from those viewed as authority figures, or anybody who is credible.

A

Authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The perception of a relationship that does not exist.

A

Illusory correlation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A prediction regarding the outcome of a study involving the potential relationship between at least two variables. Testable.

A

Hypothesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

An event or behavior that has at least two values.

A

Variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The goal of testing a hypothesis is to arrive at or test a ______.

A

Theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

TRUE OF FALSE
Many hypothesis may be tested before a comprehensive theory is put forth. A theory may aid in generating future hypothesis.

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Theories help us to organize and explain the data collected in research studies

A

TRUE

27
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

A theory is only scientific if it is irrefutable.

A

FALSE

A theory is NOT scientific if it is irrefutable.

28
Q

The scientific method involves invoking an attitude of _______..

A

skepticism

29
Q

A _______ is a person who questions the validity, authenticity, or truth of something purporting to be factual.

A

skeptic

30
Q

A _______ rejects things before evidence can prove right or wrong.

A

cynic

31
Q

Being a skeptic and using the scientific method involve applying 3 important criteria that help define science. They are :

A

1) systematic empiricism
2) publicly verifiable knowledge
3) empirically solvable problems

32
Q

Presenting research to the public so that it can be observed replicated, criticized, and tested. (ex- submitting to research to a scientific journal for possible publication) Necessary because it aids in determining the veracity of a theory.

A

Publicly Verifiable Knowledge

33
Q

Making observations in a systematic manner to test hypotheses and develop or refute a theory.

A

Systematic empiricism

34
Q

Questions that are potentially answerable by means of currently available research techniques.

A

Empirically Solvable Problems

35
Q

Empiricism alone is not enough. It must be ________________.

A

systematic empiricism

36
Q

Systematic Empiricism and logic = __________.

A

hypothesis testing

37
Q

__________ are necessary because they aid in determining whether a theory can potentially be tested using empirical techniques and whether it is falsifiable.

A

Empirically Solvable problems

38
Q

Submitting research to a scientific journal for possible publication is an example of __________. This is necessary because it aids in determining the veracity of a theory.

A

Publicly Verifiable Reseach

39
Q

When empirically solvable problems are studied, they are always open to the __________.

A

principle of falsifiability

40
Q

A theory is not scientific if it is _______.

A

irrefutable

41
Q

__________ is the idea that a scientific theory must be stated in such a way that it is possible to refute or disconfirm it.

A

principle of falsifiability

42
Q

_______ claims that appear to be scientific but that actually violate the criteria of science.

A

Pseudoscience

43
Q

__________ Is usually irrefutable and is also often confused with science.

A

Pseudoscience

44
Q

Those who believe in extrasensory perception (ESP) often argue with the fact that no publicly verifiable example of ESP has ever been documented through systematic empiricism. They say that ESP doesn’t work in a lab setting, just as little green men disappear out of a persons brain when they detect an intrusion!
Both examples do not demonstrate the ______________.

A

principle of falsifiability

45
Q

the study of psychological issues to seek knowledge for its own sake. The intent is not immediate application but the gaining of knowledge.

A

Basic Research

46
Q

Examples of ___________ include: identifying differences in capacity and duration in short-term memory and long-term memory, identifying whether cognitive maps can be mentally rotated, how various schedules of reinforcement affect learning, and how lesioning a certain area in the brains of rats affects their behavior

A

Basic Research

47
Q

_________ is the study of psychological issues that have practical significance and potential solutions. Scientists who conduct applied research are interested in finding an answer to a question because the answer can be immediately applied to some situation.

A

Applied Reseach

48
Q

Examples of ________ include identifying how stress affects the immune system, determining the accuracy of eyewitness testimony, determining the relationship between watching violent TV and aggression in children, and determining whether cell phone use while driving negatively affects driving performance

A

Applied research

49
Q

The problem with ____________ is that much of what started out as basic research eventually led to some sort of application. If researchers stopped asking questions simply because they wanted to know the answer (stopped engaging in basic research), then many great ideas and eventual applications would undoubtedly be lost.

A

Applied Research

50
Q

The doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will.

A

Determinism

51
Q

______ tells us that there are no unknowables.

A

Discoverability

52
Q

What are the 5 requirements of the Scientific Method?

A

1) systematic Empiricism
2) Must be publicly verifiable
3) Empirically solvable
4) Parsimony
5) Self-corrective

53
Q

definition of what you are observing.

A

Operational Definition

54
Q

Theory –> hypothesis –> _____

A

observations

55
Q

To be empirically solvable means to be ________.

A

testable

56
Q 
Attendance in 1700: reading an experimental psychology syllabus will result in class attendance. This is not testable because experimental psych did not exist in 1700.
This experiment is not \_\_\_\_\_\_.
A

empirically solvable

57
Q

Students who read experimental psychology syllabus will attend more class. Why is this Not testable?

A

One-group posttest only. Does not allow any kind of comparison. (we wouldn’t know if any would have attended if they would not have read the syllabus.) Must have a comparison group to support or refute the hypothesis.

58
Q

We want to accept the simpler explanation.

A

Parsimony

59
Q

Why is the science of psychology self-corrective?

A

If something is wrong i.e. observation or the key results, sooner or later a replication effort will prove it to be wrong and thus the scientific record will be corrected. Due to the competitive nature of the scientific community, misconduct and or deception can be self-regulated. Scientific and governmental organizations along with peer review have come through as important aspects for investigating and detecting scientific deception.

60
Q

Who conducted the “Executive Mokey” experiment? Why? What was his hypothesis?

A

Brady - He believed that people in highly pressurized jobs will experience stress, leading to health problems and other issues. His hypothesis was that the monkey would get ulcers from stress. The one with the lever that worked and that had the most responsibility to prevent shock got the ulcers.

61
Q

Who conducted the “learned helplessness” experiment on rats?

A

Seligman

62
Q

In Seligman’s experiment, which rat got the ulcers? The “executive” rat or the “subordinate” rat?

A

The subordinate rat ended up with the ulcers, because he gave up.

63
Q

What were the differences in Brady’s Executive monkey experiment and Seligman’s learned helplessness experiment?

A

Brady tested reaction time of monkeys. He always put the faster monkey in the one with the working lever. Seligman flipped a coin to choose.

64
Q

Brady and Seligmen’s experiments demonstrates the Scientific Method requirement of being ________.

A

Self-Corrective

Experimental Psychology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions