test 1 Flashcards
What is Plant pathology?
The study of disease and suffering of plants.
Annihilating Disease-
May whip out species completely
Devastating Disease
May be severe for a few years then gradually subside.
Limiting Disease
disease build up to the point that it is not economical to grow a crop in a given field.
Debilitating Diseases
Occur almost annually and weaken crop, resulting in lower yields and poor quality.
Disease
Any disturbance by a pathogen or environment that interferes with normal function of a plant. or abnormal functioning of an organism.
What does a disease do?
injures and progressively gets worse over time.
Injury
damage caused by transitory interaction with insect ,chemical or unfavorable environmental conditions.
what two groups categorize disease?
- Abiotic 2. Pathogenic
abiotic diesease
non infectious, environmental. non infectious or physiological.
Pathogonic DIsease
infectious diseases.
Pathogen
A biological agent capable of causing an infectious disease.
Disease triangle
Pathogen, host, Environment
Vector
an organism capable of transmitting a pathogen.
Infectious disease
can be spread from diseased plant to a healthy plant.
Non-infectious Disease
cannot be transmited from a diseased plant to a healthy plant. caused by environmental factors.
Symptom
Plants response to disease
Sign
pathogen is visible (spores)
PhytoPathology
study of plant disease.
Injury
Damaged caused by transitory interaction with insects, chemical or unfavorable environmental condition.
host
Plant attacked by pathogen.
alternate host
one of the two kinds of plants on which a pathogen or parasite develops to complete its life cycle.
symptom complex
complete series of symptoms that occur as a disease progresses.
necrosis
death of plant tissue. brown,grey or black.
hyperplasia
increase in cell number
hypoplasia
decrease in cell number
hypertrophy
increase in cell size
hypotrophy
decrease in cell size
parasite
an organism that obtains its nutrients wholly or in part from a host.
parasitism
removal of food by
pathogenicity
ability of a pathogen or parasite to interfere with one or more essential plant functions.
obligate parasite(biotrophs)
organisms that can grow and reproduce only on/in living hosts.
non-obligate parasite (necrotrophs)
can live on living or on dead hosts
saprophyte
organism that can live on dead organic matter.
facultative parasite
organism that is usually saprophytic but can become parasitic.
facultative saprophyte
organism is usually parasitic but can become saprophyte.
obligate saprophyte
lives only on dead organic matter, may act as secondary invader.
how can we reduce the area of the disease triangle?
Use pest management practices.
Using resistant cultivars reduces which side of trianlge?
host
7 main categories of Symptoms (1-4)
- Abnormal Coloration of host 2.Wilting of host 3.death of host tissue 4. Defoliation and fruit drop.
7 main Categories of Symptoms( 5-7)
- Abnormal growth increase 6.Stunting or Dwarfing of host 7.Replacement of host tissue

Blight

Canker

chlorosis

Dampering off

Dwarfing

Ear Rot

Epinasty

galls

interveinal chlorosis

leaf blotch

leaf spot

Mosaic

motteling

mummification

necrosis

scortch

Soft rot

stalk rot

vein clearing

witches broom

wilting
Inoculum
any part of a pathogen that can initiate disease.