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Psych Disorders > Test 1 > Flashcards

Test 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

4 D’s criteria for abnormal (name them)

A

Deviance, distress, dysfunction, danger

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2
Q

Deviance (explain)

A

Violates social norms
Different from society’s ideas

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3
Q

Distress (explain)

A

Behaviour/ideas/emotions cause distress
(except addicts/pedos dont see anything wrong)

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4
Q

Dysfunction (explain)

A

Interferes with daily functioning

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5
Q

Danger (explain)

A

May be dangerous to self/others

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6
Q

DSM-5

A

Book with all disorders (diagnosis statistic manuel)

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7
Q

(History) pre history
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Caused by evil spirits
Tx: trephination (holes in skull) exorcism

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8
Q

(History) Greek n Roman views
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Illness had physical cause
-> imbalance of 4 humours
Tx: bloodletting

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9
Q

(History) Middle Ages
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Evil spirits
Tx: exorcism

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10
Q

(History) the renaissance
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Mental disorder -> sickness
Tx: asylums

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11
Q

(History) 19th century
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Moral Tx: humane, respectful techniques

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12
Q

(History) 20th century
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Somatogenic vs psychogenic
New meds in 1950s

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13
Q

(History) current trends
What did they think/do about mental illness?

A

Mostly outpatient care (take meds leave)
Short term inpatient (in hospital)
1 in 5 Canadians have mental illness

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14
Q

What is culture

A

Shared set of beliefs, norms, values

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15
Q

Culture influences how patients..

A

Present Sx
Ex. Asians report more physical than mental Sx

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16
Q

(Carpenter-song et al. 2010) euro Americans; African Americans; latinos

A

EA not worried about stigma
AA very concerned about stigma
L only ok if culturally accepted label (nervios)

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17
Q

Goals of psychology

A

Describe, explain, predict, influence change

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18
Q

Scientific method 5 steps

A

Research question, hypothesis, test hypothesis, draw conclusions, replication

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19
Q

Psychological states are subjective, cannot be measured

A

Ex: how to measure love

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20
Q

Conducting research

A

Operationalizaiton
Translate hypothesis into specific measurable procedures
Sample vs population

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21
Q

Correlations (way of analyzing

A

Correlation= relationships between 2 variables
Ex. Smoking is associated with sexual behaviour
Maybe but not always, could be other way around

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22
Q

Experimental method

A

Experiment on sample

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23
Q

Biological model
Main focus is..

A

Abnormality caused by malfunctioning brain: chemistry, anatomy, genes, infections

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24
Q

Parts of neuron

A

Cell body (soma)
Dendrites
Axon
Nucleus

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25
Q

Firing of neuron

A

Sends info down axon
All or nothing principle

26
Q

Synapse
Structures involved..

A

Space between the Neurons

Axon terminal
Synaptic vesicles
Neurotransmitters
Receptors

27
Q

2 types of neuron transmitters (NTs) (name them)

A

Excitatory, inhibitory

28
Q

Excitatory (explain NTs)

A

Encourage other neurons to fire

29
Q

Inhibitory (NTs)

A

Cause other neurons to stop firing

30
Q

Biological treatments (name them)

A

Drug Tx
Electroconvulsive Tc (formally known as shock therapy) (primarily for suicide cases)

31
Q

Psychoanalytic model

A

Unconscious conflict
Id, ego, superego

32
Q

Id is..

A

Unconscious
Basic impulses but doesn’t act on it

33
Q

Superego is..

A

Mostly preconscious
Ideas and morals, conscience

34
Q

Ego is..

A

Mostly conscious
Thoughts perceptions

35
Q

Psychodynamic model
Ego’s job is..

A

Reduce anxiety, maintain self esteem, use défense mechanism
Involves choosing between superego and id

36
Q

7 defense mechanisms of ego (name them)

A

Rationalization, denial, repression, projection, reaction formation, displacement, sublimation

37
Q

Ego Rationalization (explain)

A

Ego: nervous about exam->ill go see a movie
Superego: no study!
Id: movie movie!

38
Q

Ego Denial (explain)

A

Ego: I’m not an alcoholic i can stop
Superego: dont drink!
Id: drink!

39
Q

Ego repression

A

Ego: i don’t remember how i got this item
Superego: stealing is wrong
Id: stealing is fun

40
Q

Ego Projection (explain)

A

Ego: my coworkers are lazy
Superego: i should do what is excepted of me
Id: i dont feel like working hard

41
Q

Ego reaction formation (explain)

A

Ego: this porn should be censored..let me just see how bad it is..
Superego: wrong!
Id: SEX!

42
Q

Ego Sublimation (explain)

A

Ego: ill box really aggressively cuz I’m mad
Superego: no dont
Id: yes yes

43
Q

Phallic stage for boys (explain and name)

A

Oedipus Complex

Discovers penis
Develops unconscious attraction to mom
Hates dad, wants mom
Fears dad, tries to be like dad

44
Q

Phallic stage for girls (explain name)

A

Electra complex

Discovers has no penis
Develops unconscious penis envy
Hates mom, wants dad
Becomes like mom

45
Q

Stage: oral (birth to 18months)
What is the erogenous zone?
Conflicts? Experiences?
Adult traits associated with problems?

A

Mouth
Oral gratification: eating, sucking, biting
Optimism, gullibility, dependency (when oral gratification for long)
Pessimism, passivity, sarcasm, agression (when not oral gratification for long)

46
Q

Stage: anal (18 months to 3 years)
What is the erogenous zone?
Conflicts? Experiences?
Adult traits associated with problems?

A

Anus
Toilet training, gratification from pooping/holding it
Excessive cleanliness, orderly, stinginess (if trained early/well)
Messy, rebellious, destructiveness (if not trained early/well)

47
Q

Stage: phallic (3 years to 6)
What is the erogenous zone?
Conflicts? Experiences?
Adult traits associated with problems?

A

Genitals
Sexual curiosity, masturbtion
Flirtatiousness, promiscuity
Chasity, prude

48
Q

Stage: latency (6 years to puberty)
What is the erogenous zone?
Conflicts? Experiences?
Adult traits associated with problems?

A

None
Period of calm, interested in school/hobbies

49
Q

Stage: genital (puberty onward)
What is the erogenous zone?
Conflicts? Experiences?
Adult traits associated with problems?

A

Genitals
Revival of sexual interest
Starts sexual relationships

50
Q

Psychoanalytic/dynamic therapies
Techniques are? (Name them 4)

A

Free association, therapist interpretation, corrective emotional experiences, current trend: short term psychodynamic therapy

51
Q

Free association therapy (explain)

A

Patient says anything on their mind

52
Q

Therapist interpretation (explain)

A

Therapist interprets what patient says ->resistance, transference, dream interpretation

53
Q

Rogers humanistic theory and therapy
Basic need is..

A

Unconditional positive regard (getting love from parents)
If yes, leads to unconditional positive self regard
If no, leads to conditions of worth (ex. if I’m skinny then i love myself)

54
Q

Criteria for DSM-5 (3)

A

Diagnoses
Key clinical features
Related features

55
Q

DSM-5 requires 2 types of informations..

A

Categorical (type of discorder indicated by Sx)
Dimensional (severity and how dysfunctional client is)

56
Q

Issues of DSM-5 are..(3)

A

Bias, valid, reliability

57
Q

Solutions for DSM-5 issues.. (2)

A

DSM clarifies Men vs Female Sx differences

Clinicians should reflect on stereotypes, clinician perspectives, cultural influences, function Sx serves for client

58
Q

Harm that Dx/labels causes..(2)

A

Misdiagnosis problematic
Labels and stigma
BUT can be helpful

59
Q

What determines Tx..

A

Dx

60
Q

Dodo effect is..

A

All therapies are generally equal effective
BUT cognitive behavioural Tx best for phobias

61
Q

Which Tx is best for phobias?

A

Cognitive behavioural

Psych Disorders (4 decks)

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