Test 1 Flashcards
how many bones are in the skull
22
how many Canium
8
how many Facial
14
How many ear bones
6(3 each)
How many vertebral column
26
cervical
7
thoracic
12
lumbar
5
Shoulder bones
4
Ribs
24
Ribcage
25
legs
60(30 each)
Arms
60(30 each)
Appendicular bones
126
Axial
80
Phalanges
20 (10 in legs)
Tarsals
14( 7 each)
Metatarsal
10
Carpals
16(8 each)
Nasal
2
Maxillae
2
-ase
refers to an enzyme
-ose
refer to sugar
-itis
refers to inflammation
-cyte
refers to cell
Chondrocyte
cartilage cell
Osteocyte
bone cell
Adipocyte
fat cell
Erythrocyte
Red blood cell
Leukocyte
White blood cell
Thrombocyte
Platelet
Sudoriferous gland
scientific name for sweat gland
Sebaceous gland
Scientific name for oil gland
Hematopoiesis
the production of blood cells from dividing stem cells in red bone marrow
Endocrine gland
a type of gland that secretes its substance directly into the blood sttream.
Exocrine gland
a type of gland that secretes its substances through a duct to the surface of a structure or body.
Environmental requirements
Water, Heat, Food, Pressure, and Oxygen
Water
required for metabolic processes, regulates body temp, and carries substances. (most abudent in the body)
Food
Brought in and waste chemicals are elimated
Heat
produce of metabolic reactions and the more heat the faster chemical reactions take place.
Pressure
important for breathing
Oxygen
release energy from foods, 20% of air, exchanged
Characteristics of life 8
- Grow 5.Digest
- Breathe 6.Respond
- Reproduce 7. Metabolism
- Move 8. Circulation
Level of organization
Atoms>Molecules>macromolecules>Organelles>Cells>tissues>organ>organ system>Organism
Two main body cativies
Dorsal and Ventral
Cativites in the dorsal cavity
cranial and vertebral
Cavities in the Ventral cavity
Thoracic, Abdominal, and Pelvic
Organs in the cranial cavity
Brain (cerebrum, cerebellum, Medulla Oblongata, and Hypothalamus) and Pituitary glands
Organs in the vertebral cavity
Spinal cord
Organs in the Abdominal cavity
Liver, both intestines, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, spleen, appendix, kidneys, ureters
Organs in the Thoracic cavity
Lungs, heart, Trachea, Bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, esophagus, and thymus gland
Organs in the Pelvic cavity
urinary bladder, ovaries, testes, rectum
Parietal membrane
membranes attached to the outer wall
VIsceral membrane
membranes deep in the body that directly surrounds organs
Sagittal
a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts
midsagittal plane
sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline
Parasagittal Planes
all other sagittal planes offset from the midline
Frontal Planes (Coronal Plane)
like sagittal plane lie vertically, divide body into anterior and posterior parts
Transverse
runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts.
Oblique
plane that divide the body at an angle of the mid-line
Proximal
closer to the point of attachment
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment
Ipsilateral
structure on the same side
Contralateral
structures on opposite sides
Bilateral
paired structures on each side of the midline
Integumentary system
Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury, help regulate temp, house sensory receptors - made up of hair, nails and skin
Skeletal
Bones, ligaments, and cartilages that blind them- provide shape, protect, allow movement, produce blood cells
Muscular system
main source of body heat andprovide force to move
Endocrine system
(hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal gland, thymus)
Lymphatic system
(lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen, and lymph)- defend against infections and transport some tissue fluid back to the bloodstream.
Urinary system
Kidney, ureters, urinary bladder, and uretha- Remove waste from blood and helps maintain water and electrolyte concentrations
Respiratory system
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs- move air in and out of the lungs, exchange gas between blood and air where oxygen passes air in lungs to the blood.
Cardiovascular system
heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood- transport
Articulation
Anywhere 2 or more bone come together usually allowing for movement
