Test 1 Flashcards
Some prescription and restricted drugs are?
Cytotoxic drugs
How many schedules are there in controlled drugs?
5
What is schedule ll in controlled drugs?
opioids
what is transd?
transdermal
what is disp?
dispense
what is sig?
prescription instructions
what is stat?
immediately
what is the drug order for Cefazolin 100mg/ml?
Administer 2cc slow IV Q 8hrs
what is the drug order for tobrex opthalmic drops 1 bottle?
1 drop OU QID ( 1 drop, both eyes, 4 times a day)
what is the drug order for Mirtazapine 7.5mg, 3 tabs?
Give 1/2 tab PO EOD ( Give 1/2 tab, by mouth, every other day)
what is the drug order for amoxiclav 500mg, 28 tabs?
Give 1 tab PO BID x14 days, give with food
(Give 1 tab, by mouth, twice a day for 14 days, with food)
Indication means?
understanding why the drug is being used
Contraindications means?
reason why a drug is not being used.
What are the 3 different names that
drugs are generally reffered to as?
- Chemical Name
- Generic / Non - proprietary name
- Proprietary / Trade / Brand name
Generic or Non - proprietary
name is often listed as the?
active ingredient
a suspension in which the drug is mixed with fat or oil is?
emulsion
what are solutions in which the drug is dissolved in alcohol?
syrups
orally administered solutions of drugs dissolved in alcohol are?
Elixirs
alcohol solutions meant for application to the skin are?
Tinctures
T or F. Prescription drugs can be obtained without a prescription?
False
what is schedule lll, if controlled drugs?
ketamine, buprenorphine
what is schedule IV of controlled drugs?
Barbiturates, thiobarbiturates, benzodiazepines, tharmadol
degree to which a drug produced the desired effect is?
efficacy
loading dose means?
initial dose
maintenance dose means?
lower doses designed to maintain drug levels within the therapeutic range
means by which the drug is given; External?
via the GI tract
means by which the drug is given; Parenteral ?
route other than through GI tract
what is it called when an IV drug is given as a single larger volume?
Intravenous bolus
what is a steady rate of infusion so that drug concentrations reach steady state called?
constant rate infusion
Peri-vascular injection, or extra-vascular injection is?
an accidental administration outside the blood vessels
Intra-arterial injection is?
injection directly into an artery
The movement of drugs within the body system is called?
pharmacokinetics
how drugs interact with cells to produce physiological changes in the body is called?
pharmacodynamics
what is the process of a substance entering the blood circulation called?
absorption
the dispersion or dissemination of substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body is called?
distribution
What word is used for the recognition by the organism that a foreign substance is present and the irreversible transformation of parent compounds into daughter metabolites?
metabolism
what word means the removal of the substances from the body?
Excretion/Elimination
what is the random movement of drug molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration called?
Passive diffusion
what is a passive transport mechanism that involves a special carrier molecule called?
facilitated diffusion
what also involves specialized carrier molecule?
active transport
In active transport the ___________ to move the drug across the cell membrane.
Cell expends energy
what is not a small indentation forming in the cell membrane that surrounds the drug and brings it into the cell?
pinocytosis (cell drinking)
what word is used for when most of the entire cell surrounds drug molecule?
phagocytosis (cell eating)
a drug molecules ability to dissolve in water or move through a cell membrane depends on wether it is?
Hydrophilic or lipophilic
in contrast drugs given by mouth must pass through the tightly adhered cells of the intestinal tract and therefore should be in?
Lipophilic form
The liver will treat some drugs as toxins and remove them or reduce their effectiveness before they enter the systemic circulation. This is referred to as?
First-pass effect
T or F: The blood plasma contains circulating proteins such as albumin, globulins and other proteins?
True
Drug concentration is expressed as?
mass of a drug per volume of liquid, or mass of drug per solid dose form
