test 1 Flashcards
who is a nurse aide defined as?
a valued, unlicensed member of the health team, responsible for providing delegated nursing tasks within a defined range of function for residents.
What is OBRA
Omnibus budget reconciliation act
-improve quality of life of residents
-define requirements of nurse aide.
what is the NCBON and how does it apply to NAs
NC board of nursing- defines range of function provides list of tasks
What is the NA1 registry
list of all people meeting state federal training, testing
how often do you renew your NA listing
every 24 months with 8hr work experience
what are the job responsibilities of a nurse aide
perform basic nursing skills, personal care, interpersonal
What are the five rights of delegation
right task, right circumstance, right person, right direction, communication, right supervision, evaluation
what is delegation
assigning part of responsibility to another, improves efficiency, nurse remains accountable for care.
what are some examples of basic nursing skills
monitoring, documenting, vital signs, pain management, dressing changes, maintaining privacy
what are some examples of interpersonnal skills
empathize, anticipate needs, honor requests, respect, patience, sensitive to moods, mindful of reactions, respect family members, professional relationship, effectively communicate.
what are some apperance characteristics of a NA1
follows dress code, modest, clean, no jewelery, visiable badge, no body art, long hair tied, no heavy makeup
what characteristics should NA1 show in their attitude
patient, understanding, honest, trustworthy, courteous, considerate, respectful, cheerful, responsible, accountable.
NA as an employee should have what characteristics
strive to be the best, understand role, concern for others, excellent apperance, report on time, show respect to everyone, empathy
describe the qualities of an effective team
group of people, with common purpose, assigned task, involved members, comfortable climate, 2 way communication
what are the normal vital values for blood pressure
90-120
60-80
what is normal respirations
12-20 bpm
what is normal value for pulse
60-100bpm
what is normal oral temperature
97.6-99.6
why do we take vital signs
shows how well organs are functioning- heart, lungs
value of vital signs in basis for meds
what are the vital signs
temp, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, pain
what is the most and least accurate way to take a temperature
rectum- most accurate
armpit- least accurate
what is intake and output
amount of fluid taken in
amount lost from the body
how many ml are in an ounce
30 ml
what is infection prevention defined as
ways to control and prevent the spread of infection
what is localized infection
an infection found in one part of the body and symptoms are limited to that one part of the body
what is systemic infection
an infection that affects an entire body or entire body system
what are the symptoms of a bladder infection
fever, chills, urination pain, strong smelling urine.
chain of infection
causative agent- germ
reservoir- germs grow in blood, skin, digestive, respitory
portal of exit- nose, mouth, vomit, blood, urine
transportation- hands, blood, sputum, vomit
portal of entry- nose, mouth, cuts, sores
susceptible host- poor nutrituin, elder, stress, wounded
why are the elderly at higher risk of infection
health issues, elderly, closeknit, community
what is a healthcare associated infection
an infection that a resident gets while staying or living in a healthcare setting
what are standerd precautions
basic tasks that healthcare workers must do when caring for each and every resident in order to prevent and control the spread of infection
what is the number one way to stop the spread of infection
handwashing (before touching patient, cleaning procedures, body fluid, exposure risk, after touching patient, medical equipment)
be familiar with the rules for sharps container
wear gloves, never recap needles, never put hand in container, never fill over 3/4
what are the three transmission based precautions
contact
droplet
airborne
what are some diseases that require droplet precaution
flu, influenza, meningitis, whooping cough
what is a hazard
anything in the residents environment that may cause illness or injury
know the NAs role for safety in the residents environment
maintain room temp, good lighting, keep room clean, report unsafe conditions, faulty equipment, check linens, keep bed low, call signal close
what is the definition of a fall
unintentionally coming to rest on the ground, floor, or other lower level. any sudden descent from a higher level to a lower level which may result in injury.
what are intrinsic risk factors
risk factors that result from the residents inner being, age balance, gait, medical conditions.
what are extrinsic risk factors
risk factors outside of the resident
hazrds of environment, unsafe equipment, unsafe personal items.
what are extrinsic risk factors
risk factors outside of the resident
hazards of the environment, unsafe equipment, unsafe personal items.
what devices are used to prevent falls
assistive devices, handrails, wheel locks, grab bars, belts, walkers
what is elopement
when a resident leaves a healthcare facility without the staffs knowledge.
what can NAs do to prevent residents from choking
sit resident upright, provide assistance at mealtimes, encourage dentures, report difficulty
what does race stand for
remove resident from danger
activate alarm
contain fire closing doors
extinguish fire
what does pass stand for
pull pin
aim at base of fire
squeeze handle
sweep back and forth
Know NAs role in preventing falls
assist with ambulation, report unsafe conditions, provide supervision, keep environment clean, promptly answer calls, walkways clear, wipe spills
what are the rules when oxygen is in use
post oxygen in use signs, no open flames, smoking, no electrical equipment
what is communication
sucessfully sending and receiving messages using signs, symbols, words, drawings, and pictures
what is verbal communication
using written or spoken words, pictures or symbols to send a message. active listening, open ended questions.
what is nonverbal communication
using body language such as movements, facial expressions, gestures, posture, gait, eye contact, and appearance.
what is the importance of communication
learn about client to provide care, source of encouragement, build relationship, provide information
what are some barriers to communication
language, slang, talking to fast, personal opinion, attitude, age, culture, lack of privacy
what is culture
characteristics of a group of people that are passed from one generation to the next.
what is NAs role in communication
develop skills that enhance effective communication appropriate nonverbal skills, listen, ask questions, avoid interupt. no personal opinions, patience, eliminate environmental distractions.
what are some special approaches to communication
language difference, caring tone, speak slowely, simple words, respect message, focus on single idea.
what are laws
rules made by government to help protect public, person liable if laws not obeyed and may be fined or jailed
negligence
actions or failure to act or give proper care, resulting in injury
assault
actions or failure to act or give proper care resulting in injury
battery
act of threatening to touch, or attempting to touch a person without proper consent
what are the three types of consent
written, verbal, implied
which consents can NAS obtain
verbal and implied
what is false imprisonment
unlawful restraining or restricting a persons movement. not allowing resident to leave facility
examples of invasion of privacy
picture of resident, gossiping about residents behavior or medical records
who are vulnerable adults
adults who are at risk for abuse or mistreatment because they are not able to protect themselves from harm due to the mental, emotional, developmental disability, brain damage, changes from age.
what are the signs of neglect
dehydration, malnutrition, untreated pressure ulcers, poor personal hygiene
what are signs of physical abuse
spains, dislocations, broken bones, fractures, bruises, withdrawn, marks, internal injuries, sudden change in behavior
what is the health care personnel registry
what are ethics
knowledge of what is right conduct and wrong conduct, or knowing right from wrong
what is code of ethics
rules, may differe betweeen facility, helps define wrong
what are resident rights
rights that have been written into federal law that identify how a resident must be treated. code of ethics for health care providers
why are ethics important
guides sense of duty, providing quality care, governs actions, vital to safety.
what is dignity
inborn value and worth as human beings. all people have right to be recognized for the inherent humanity and treated ethically.
what is empathy
identifying with and understanding the feelings of another without feeling sorry for the person
what is the NAs role in dignity
meet residents physical, social, emotional, intelectual and spiritual needs. explain procedure, respect residents room and personal items, dont rush patient, encourage resident to make as many decisions, refrain from judging
define body mechanics
effecient and safe use of the body by the coordination of body alignment, balance, and movement
what is the importance of body mechanics
nurse aide subject to back and other injuries. maximizes strenght, min fatigue, avoid strains, reduces cost to facility, reduce employee absence.
ABCs of body mechanics
alignment- posture, position, object close, dont twist at waist
base of support- foundation, balance, wide base support
coordination- point where most weight concentrated, low center of gravity
what should you do when a resident is about to fall
control direction of fall, ease to floor, protect head, keep resident still
what different positions can patients be put in
supine
prone
fowlers
high fowlers
lateral
sims
why do we use mechanical lifts
helps prevent injury, transfer residents from bed, chairs, wheelchairs,
know the names of the bed angles
supine
fowlers
high fowlers
define person centered care
the practice of basing resident care on individual resident needs, preferences, and expectations
what is the importance of person centered care
where a person lives, wether at home or assisted living is persons home. encourage personal choice, honor individuals preferences as much as possible, fosters engagement, improves quality of life.
what is the nurse aides role in person centered care
support residents to be independent, honor preferences, support relationships of resident, support residents identity, pay attention to wellbeing.
what is abandonment
leave without coverage
what information should you know before transfering a patient
their weight bearing status
What is ADL
term used in health care to describe everyday things that a resident routinely does, such a hygeine and gromming, dressing, eating, and transferrring.
cognition
the manner in which messages from the five senses are collected, stored in memory, recovered from memory, and later used to answer questions.
north carolina board of nursing
regulatory body that provides list of tasks that fall within the range of function for nurse aides in north carolina.
nurse aide registry
a registry of all people who meet state and federal training and testing requirements to perform nurse aide 1 tasks in the state of north carolina.
afebrile
without a fever
apical pulse
a pulse point located over the heart
apnea
no breathing
bradycardia
a pulse rate less than 60 beats per minute
bradypnea
a respiratory rate less than 12 breaths per minute
centigrade
metric scale used to measure temperature. expressed in degrees
cheyne-strokes
alternating periods of slow, irregular breathing and rapid, shallow breathing, plus short periods of sbsent breathing.
diastole
the resting phase of the heart when the heart fills with blood.
dyspnea
painful or difficult breathing
eupnea
normal breathing
febrile
with a fever
orthostatic hypotension
abnormal low blood pressure occuring when the resident sudeenly stands up
systole
the working phase of the heart when the heart is pumping blood to the body
tachycardia
a pulse rate more than 100 beats per minute
tachypnea
a respiratory rate more than 20 breaths per minute
commode hat
a plastic collection container placed under a commode lid, used when resident has bathroom privileges
edema
when fluid intake is more that fluid output and body tissues swell with water
emesis basin
a plastic, shallow basin shaped like a kidney that fits against the residents neck and collects fluid when a resident is nausated
what are vital signs also called
TPR
veins
carry blood with waste products away from the cells and to the heart
arteries
carry blood with oxygen and nutrients away from the heart snd to the cells
when do you not take a oral temperature
unconscious
recent injury
confused
seizures
using oxygen
mouth breather
hen do you not take a rectal temperature
rectal problem
heart disease
confused
aerobic
requires oxygen to survive
aseptic
clean
medical aseptis
practice used to remove or destroy germs and to prevent their spread from one person or place to another person or place
symptoms of respiratory infection
fever
sniffling
coughing
hacking up globs of green or yellow
when do you wash your hands
visibly dirty
using restroom
blowing nose
sneezing
when do you use the hand rub
eating food
handling food
routine resident care
What does BEFAST stand for
balance
eyes
face
arms
speech
time
cerebrovascular accident
occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks in a part of the brain
liason
a person who establishes and maintains communication for mutual understanding and cooperation
defamation
fasle statement made to a third person that causes a person shame or ridicule, or ruins their reputation
what is assualt
forcing medication or changing or showering not allowed
what is an example of false imprisonment
refusing to take patient to the bathroom
health care personnel registry
lists pending allegations and substantial findings of nurse aides and other unlicensed personnel
ombudsman
every resident living in north carolina long term facility has access to a person assigned to their district who supports or promotes their intrests
logrolling
turning the resident as a unit, while maintaining the head, back, and legs in a straight line.
what is the importance of positioning the resident
promote wellbeing
easier breathing
circulation
pressure ulcers
change position every two hours
