Test 1 Flashcards by Brooklyn Mace

What is hippa?

law that gives patients privacy to their medical records.

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Hippa ensures confidentiality in what forms?

personal, medical, financial

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Child or elderly abuse should be reported verbally within ___ hours and a written report within ___ hours.

24 and 48

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Can you get in trouble for a report being not true.

no.

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What is a living will?

A legal document for making medical decisions for if/ when a person becomes unable to do so themselves.

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What is a medical durable power of attorney

the person appointed to make medical decisions when someone is unable to do so for themselves.

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What to do if there is a small hazardous spill?

clean up spill per SDS recommendations

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Large hazardous spills?

call 3911, hazardous response team will respond

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What are some factors that help improve verbal communication?

Vocab (language they understand), pacing (make time for patients), intonation (tone of voice), clarity and brevity (clear and precisely), denotative vs. connotative (definition vs. implied)

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forms of nonverbal communication

facial expressions, posture, personal appearances, gestures, touch

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Communication tool:

S- situation
B- Background
A- assessment
R- recommendation

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When is alcohol- based not okay

patient with c-diff or hands visibly soiled

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how long do you use alcohol- based handrubs

until dry

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how long do you wash your hands

at least 20 seconds

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What is the restrictions with fingernails

no chipped fingernail polish, no artificial nails, nails must be 1/4”

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Ways to promote safety within group

team empowerment
open communication
accountability

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What is the rule for clean and dirty

clean touches clean, dirty touches dirty.

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Ways to promote safety in healthcare environment

preventing falls, equipment related injuries, fire/ electrical hazards, back injury, needlesticks, violence

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Standard precautions

treat all patients as potentially infectious

wear gloves any time there is a risk for contact with bodily secretions

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Donning process

hand hygiene
gather supplies
gown
mask/ goggles
hair
shoes
hand hygiene
gloves

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How to use proper body mechanics

raise height of bed
squat when lifting heavy objects
keep objects close to body
ect.

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R.A.C.E

Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish/ Evacuate

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What is the normal range for all vital signs

Temperature: 98.6 F
Pulse: 60-100 (80 average)
Respiration: 12-20 bpm
Blood pressure: 120/80
O2 Saturation: 90% or above

factors that affect temperature

age, environment, gender, exercise, emotion and stress

what is the most accurate type of temperature

Rectal

What is considered a fever

100F

What is the most accurate pulse

apical pulse (heart)

how do you measure a pulse

stethoscope

How to count respirations

act like their taking your pulse and count their breaths, they should not know.

What is used to measure O2 saturation

pulse oximetry

Blood pressure prehypertension and hypertension

Pre: 120-139/ 80-89 HTN: 140+ /90+

what is used to measure blood pressure

sphygmomanometer

Correct cuff size

2/3 of the length of the upper arm

When not to do blood pressure on a certain arm

iv infusion swelling/ edema dialysis

The Five ADL's

bathing, toileting, dressing, mobility, eating

5 P's

pain, position, potty, pathways, personal belongings

How often is oral care performed

twice a day for all patients | every 1-2 hours for clients who are: NPO, have NG tubes, or oxygen

How often do you clean dentures

once a day but preferably after every meal

When do you not use a shaver

do not use a straight edge razor on patient with blood thinners

how often should Urinary catheter care be done?

completed every shift or 3 times each 24 hours | or unless soiled after bowel movement

Which side would you dress first if a patient has a weak extremity?

always dress the side with weak extremity first

True or false: it is okay to dress a patient with an iv by removing the iv

FALSE! never disconnect the iv move the gown through the iv and bag

OLDCARTS: what is it used for what does it stand for

``` used for: assessing pain, trying to get as much information as possible O: onset L: location D: duration C: characteristics A: alleviation/ agitation R: related symptoms T: treatment S: severity ```

What is the function of the skin?

protection, regulation, sensation, metabolism, and communication

What causes skin breakage?

friction and shear, pressure, and moisture

What is a concerning number for Braden Scale Risk Concern?

<9, the lower the number the more concerning

When to start interventions for pressure ulcers? What are some of the interventions?

as soon as they are admitted, and more special treatment at the site of redness air mattress, waffle bed, pressure, moving every 1-2 hours in bed, every 15 minutes in chair

What is the function of the kidneys

remove waste from the blood and regulate blood pressure, electrolyte balance

What is the function of the bladder

to hold urine

Urinary terms to know: nocturia, polyuria, oliguria, anuria, dysuria, diuresis, enuresis, residual urine, bladder training, proteinuria, pyuria, hematuria, pyelonephritis, cystitis

Nocturia: awakening to void one or more times in the night Polyuria:excessive urination oliguria: decreased urine output Anuria: absence of urination Dysuria: difficulty urinating Diuresis: excessive urine production Enuresis: involuntary loss of urine Residual Urine: urine left in bladder after urination Bladder training: behavioral therapy using scheduled urination to improve function Proteinuria: protein in urine pyuria: pus present in urine hematuria: blood in urine pyelonephritis: infection that spreads to the upper urinary tract cystitis: bladder infection

How many mL are in an ounce

30 mL

What is a clear liquid diets, full liquid diets, and mechanical soft?

Clear liquid: any liquid that you can see through Full liquid: any liquid that can be melt down to liquid at room temperature (doesn't have to be clear) Mechanical soft: ground up or soft foods (ex. potatoes, mac and cheese,) something that is easy to chew

What is included in fluid intake

``` oral fluids (anything you drink) iv medication liquid medication IV fluids Bladder irrigation ```

What is included in fluid output

``` any liquid stool urine vomit diapers wound drainage chest tubes ```

When should you compress a drain?

After it is empty before you put in a stopper.

When emptying a drain, what do you need?

non- sterilized gloves, rubbing alcohol wipes, and graduated cylinder