Test 1 Flashcards
What is hippa?
law that gives patients privacy to their medical records.
Hippa ensures confidentiality in what forms?
personal, medical, financial
Child or elderly abuse should be reported verbally within ___ hours and a written report within ___ hours.
24 and 48
Can you get in trouble for a report being not true.
no.
What is a living will?
A legal document for making medical decisions for if/ when a person becomes unable to do so themselves.
What is a medical durable power of attorney
the person appointed to make medical decisions when someone is unable to do so for themselves.
What to do if there is a small hazardous spill?
clean up spill per SDS recommendations
Large hazardous spills?
call 3911, hazardous response team will respond
What are some factors that help improve verbal communication?
Vocab (language they understand), pacing (make time for patients), intonation (tone of voice), clarity and brevity (clear and precisely), denotative vs. connotative (definition vs. implied)
forms of nonverbal communication
facial expressions, posture, personal appearances, gestures, touch
Communication tool:
S- situation
B- Background
A- assessment
R- recommendation
When is alcohol- based not okay
patient with c-diff or hands visibly soiled
how long do you use alcohol- based handrubs
until dry
how long do you wash your hands
at least 20 seconds
What is the restrictions with fingernails
no chipped fingernail polish, no artificial nails, nails must be 1/4”
Ways to promote safety within group
team empowerment
open communication
accountability
What is the rule for clean and dirty
clean touches clean, dirty touches dirty.
Ways to promote safety in healthcare environment
preventing falls, equipment related injuries, fire/ electrical hazards, back injury, needlesticks, violence
Standard precautions
treat all patients as potentially infectious
wear gloves any time there is a risk for contact with bodily secretions
Donning process
hand hygiene gather supplies gown mask/ goggles hair shoes hand hygiene gloves
How to use proper body mechanics
raise height of bed
squat when lifting heavy objects
keep objects close to body
ect.
R.A.C.E
Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Extinguish/ Evacuate
What is the normal range for all vital signs
Temperature: 98.6 F Pulse: 60-100 (80 average) Respiration: 12-20 bpm Blood pressure: 120/80 O2 Saturation: 90% or above
factors that affect temperature
age, environment, gender, exercise, emotion and stress
what is the most accurate type of temperature
Rectal
What is considered a fever
100F
What is the most accurate pulse
apical pulse (heart)
how do you measure a pulse
stethoscope
How to count respirations
act like their taking your pulse and count their breaths, they should not know.
What is used to measure O2 saturation
pulse oximetry
Blood pressure prehypertension and hypertension
Pre: 120-139/ 80-89
HTN: 140+ /90+
what is used to measure blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
Correct cuff size
2/3 of the length of the upper arm
When not to do blood pressure on a certain arm
iv infusion
swelling/ edema
dialysis
The Five ADL’s
bathing, toileting, dressing, mobility, eating
5 P’s
pain, position, potty, pathways, personal belongings
How often is oral care performed
twice a day for all patients
every 1-2 hours for clients who are: NPO, have NG tubes, or oxygen
How often do you clean dentures
once a day but preferably after every meal
When do you not use a shaver
do not use a straight edge razor on patient with blood thinners
how often should Urinary catheter care be done?
completed every shift or 3 times each 24 hours
or unless soiled after bowel movement
Which side would you dress first if a patient has a weak extremity?
always dress the side with weak extremity first
True or false: it is okay to dress a patient with an iv by removing the iv
FALSE! never disconnect the iv move the gown through the iv and bag
OLDCARTS: what is it used for what does it stand for
used for: assessing pain, trying to get as much information as possible O: onset L: location D: duration C: characteristics A: alleviation/ agitation R: related symptoms T: treatment S: severity
What is the function of the skin?
protection, regulation, sensation, metabolism, and communication
What causes skin breakage?
friction and shear, pressure, and moisture
What is a concerning number for Braden Scale Risk Concern?
<9, the lower the number the more concerning
When to start interventions for pressure ulcers? What are some of the interventions?
as soon as they are admitted, and more special treatment at the site of redness
air mattress, waffle bed, pressure, moving every 1-2 hours in bed, every 15 minutes in chair
What is the function of the kidneys
remove waste from the blood and regulate blood pressure, electrolyte balance
What is the function of the bladder
to hold urine
Urinary terms to know: nocturia, polyuria, oliguria, anuria, dysuria, diuresis, enuresis, residual urine, bladder training, proteinuria, pyuria, hematuria, pyelonephritis, cystitis
Nocturia: awakening to void one or more times in the night
Polyuria:excessive urination
oliguria: decreased urine output
Anuria: absence of urination
Dysuria: difficulty urinating
Diuresis: excessive urine production
Enuresis: involuntary loss of urine
Residual Urine: urine left in bladder after urination
Bladder training: behavioral therapy using scheduled urination to improve function
Proteinuria: protein in urine
pyuria: pus present in urine
hematuria: blood in urine
pyelonephritis: infection that spreads to the upper urinary tract
cystitis: bladder infection
How many mL are in an ounce
30 mL
What is a clear liquid diets, full liquid diets, and mechanical soft?
Clear liquid: any liquid that you can see through
Full liquid: any liquid that can be melt down to liquid at room temperature (doesn’t have to be clear)
Mechanical soft: ground up or soft foods (ex. potatoes, mac and cheese,) something that is easy to chew
What is included in fluid intake
oral fluids (anything you drink) iv medication liquid medication IV fluids Bladder irrigation
What is included in fluid output
any liquid stool urine vomit diapers wound drainage chest tubes
When should you compress a drain?
After it is empty before you put in a stopper.
When emptying a drain, what do you need?
non- sterilized gloves, rubbing alcohol wipes, and graduated cylinder
