Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Critical Thinking

A

The art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view of improving it

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2
Q

When reading a paper you should check…

A

The acknowledgements to see if there are competing interests or funding

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3
Q

What are the first four elements of thought?

A

Purpose, question, information, interpretation

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4
Q

What are the last four elements of thought?

A

Concepts, assumptions, consequences, and point of view

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5
Q

What is the purpose of psychology?

A

To understand human and animal behavior using the scientific method

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6
Q

What is the question of psychology?

A

What are the CAUSES of behavior in humans and animals

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7
Q

What is the information in psychology?

A

The operationalization and quantification of behavior

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8
Q

What is the interpretation of psychology?

A

Descriptive statistics

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9
Q

What are the concepts of psychology

A

Level of analysis (biological, cognitive, developmental, social)

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10
Q

What are the assumptions of psychology

A

Participants are honest, behavior can be studied, and principals explain behavior

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11
Q

Implications of psychology?

A

explain and predict behavior, help those with psychological disorders

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12
Q

Point of view of psychology?

A

General principles of behavior can be determined by applying the scientific method

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13
Q

Pros of knowing by authority?

A

efficient and easy

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14
Q

Cons of knowing by authority?

A

not all experts are equal, some are opinionated

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15
Q

Pros of knowing by reason?

A

if premises are correct then conclusion is accurate

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16
Q

Cons of knowing by reason

A

‘a priori’ method- developing a belief before having direct experience

17
Q

Reason and systematically gathered data makes…

A

useful knowledge

18
Q

Strengths of experience?

A

experiences happen every day and can be helpful

19
Q

Weaknesses of experience?

A

No way to know if your experience reflects them all

20
Q

What is belief perseverance?

A

holding on to a belief despite evidence contrary

21
Q

What is confirmation bias?

A

search out info that confirms your beliefs, ignore info that doesnt

22
Q

What is the availability heuristic?

A

thinking unusual events are more common than they are

23
Q

Be wary of potential pseudoscience that..

A

reduces complex phenomenon to simplistic concepts

24
Q

Define deontology

A

certain actions are inherently unethical and should never be performed

25
Define ethical skepticism
ethical decisions should be up to the individual
26
Define utilitarianism
benefits of the actions weighed against the cost