Test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Critical Thinking

A

The art of analyzing and evaluating thinking with a view of improving it

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2
Q

When reading a paper you should check…

A

The acknowledgements to see if there are competing interests or funding

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3
Q

What are the first four elements of thought?

A

Purpose, question, information, interpretation

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4
Q

What are the last four elements of thought?

A

Concepts, assumptions, consequences, and point of view

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5
Q

What is the purpose of psychology?

A

To understand human and animal behavior using the scientific method

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6
Q

What is the question of psychology?

A

What are the CAUSES of behavior in humans and animals

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7
Q

What is the information in psychology?

A

The operationalization and quantification of behavior

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8
Q

What is the interpretation of psychology?

A

Descriptive statistics

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9
Q

What are the concepts of psychology

A

Level of analysis (biological, cognitive, developmental, social)

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10
Q

What are the assumptions of psychology

A

Participants are honest, behavior can be studied, and principals explain behavior

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11
Q

Implications of psychology?

A

explain and predict behavior, help those with psychological disorders

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12
Q

Point of view of psychology?

A

General principles of behavior can be determined by applying the scientific method

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13
Q

Pros of knowing by authority?

A

efficient and easy

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14
Q

Cons of knowing by authority?

A

not all experts are equal, some are opinionated

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15
Q

Pros of knowing by reason?

A

if premises are correct then conclusion is accurate

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16
Q

Cons of knowing by reason

A

‘a priori’ method- developing a belief before having direct experience

17
Q

Reason and systematically gathered data makes…

A

useful knowledge

18
Q

Strengths of experience?

A

experiences happen every day and can be helpful

19
Q

Weaknesses of experience?

A

No way to know if your experience reflects them all

20
Q

What is belief perseverance?

A

holding on to a belief despite evidence contrary

21
Q

What is confirmation bias?

A

search out info that confirms your beliefs, ignore info that doesnt

22
Q

What is the availability heuristic?

A

thinking unusual events are more common than they are

23
Q

Be wary of potential pseudoscience that..

A

reduces complex phenomenon to simplistic concepts

24
Q

Define deontology

A

certain actions are inherently unethical and should never be performed

25
Q

Define ethical skepticism

A

ethical decisions should be up to the individual

26
Q

Define utilitarianism

A

benefits of the actions weighed against the cost