Tertiary prevention Flashcards
What is tertiary prevention?
To reduce and limit impairments and disabilities of an established disease and to promote adjustment to the condition.
What is the aim of tertiary prevention?
To improve function, QoL, life expectancy and end of life care and to delay complications through management and rehabilitation.
What type of interventions are involved in tertiary and who are they aimed at?
Focus on the individual and their community to optimise effect.
Use CLINICAL interventions such as surgery or pharmacology. Use COLLABORATIVE interventions such as occupational therapy, physiotherapy, psychiatry. Use SOCIETAL interventions such as government schemes, support groups.
What are the limitations of tertiary prevention?
The lack of definition around chronic disease, symptoms and concept of wellness.
Poor Pt compliance
Little evidence to support the effect of long-term interventions due to the long study period.
What impact does chronic disease have on health care?
Increased consultations, hospital admissions and cost of comorbidities.
What are the 3 levels of chronic disease management?
1) Self care, support and management through primary care and community based services.
2) Disease and care management. A high risk Pt who requires a MDT and group programmes.
3) Case management - A complex Pt who requires specialised care with a key worker to manage and integrate care.
What is the NHS and Social care longterm conditions model?
Infrastructure —> Delivery system —> Better outcomes.
1) Relies on community resources, health and social care environment, decision support tool and clinical information.
2) Case/disease management with supported self care and health promotion.
3) Empowered and informed Pts with prepared and proactive care teams have better outcomes
What impact does socio-economic status have on quality of life?
Less affluent have a reduced life expectancy and reduced Disability Free Life Expectancy.
What are ACEs?
Adverse childhood experiences that may affect future survival
What interventions are put in place for ACEs?
Primary - Parenting Programmes (awareness and education)
Secondary - Early detection of problem
Tertiary - Partner system or counselling for the child
What types of interventions are used in tertiary prevention?
Rehabilitation CBT Relapse prevention Dietary advice Routine reviews Support groups Self management plans Medical adherence strategies
