Terrorism Exam 2.3 Flashcards
What is considered as the basis for modern nationalistic terrorism?
Politics and strategies of the anti-colonial revolution in the 20th century
- Former colonies rejected European dominance of their cultures
In the anticolonial revolution, what were nationalist terrorist campaigns aimed at?
Aimed at security forces, targeted at audiences in imperial homelands
Who did nationalist terrorist leaders try to gain sympathy from?
International community & anti-imperialist voters in their home country
Throughout what decades did a series of anticolonial revolts take place all over the world?
late 1940’s-early 1960’s
What caused European powers to retreat during the anticolonial revolts?
Guerrilla warfare and terrorism
How was terrorism justified during the anticolonial revolts?
Nationalism
What is Nationalistic Terrorism?
Violent terrorism waged on the basis of a common political unity, cultural traditions, or ethnic freedom
Why were there so many anticolonial revolts?
Europe colonized much of the world
What happened in Cyprus 1955-1959?
- Cypriots of Greek descent deeply resented British control
- EOKA tried to gain international sympathy and to confront British forces
- UK responded to EOKA with force
- Pressure from Britain’s international allies and its citizens, the UK negotiated a deal with EOKA in 1959
What is EOKA, and how was it relevant to the Cypriots?
National Organization of Cypriot Patriots
- Appealed to Greek nationalism
What happened in Algiers from 1954-1962?
- France invaded occupied parts of North Africa, occupying Algiers and trying to take control of it
- The French used violent military force to subdue the Algiers population and flooded the coast with Europeans
- Algerians resented their loss of ethnic autonomy and formed the FLN, which was dedicated to violent revolution
- Violent back-and-forths between the French and Algerians took place
- In 1962, Algeria received independence, and terrorism “won”
What is the FLN?
National Liberation Front
