TERROIR Flashcards
In what plant activities is light energy most relevant? (3)
Inflorescence initiation
Shoot branching
Phenolic compound synthesis
At what temperature (range) and moment in season is the vine at risk for frost damage?
Winter: longer periods of -15 to -20 C
Spring: when buds have pushed between 0 and -5C
From what temperature start the vine to push growth in spring?
10C
Why do we prefer rain in winter over rain during flowering/ripening?
In winter the water reserves can be refilled in the soil
During flowering rain can disturb the pollination
During ripening you want limited waterstress to increase quality
How does the vine respond to strong winds?
It closes the stomatal pores so it will limit photosynthesis and transpiration
Name the 4 spatial levels
Macro climate
Meso climate
Local climate
Micro climate
Why are regions with a seasonal average temperature below 10/12C unfavourable for viticulture? (3)
Due to short growing seasons
Low amounts of sunshine hours
Low amounts of accumulated heat
What happens with the temperature when you increase elevation with 150m
It lowers the temperature with 1C
Describe the influence of altitude on grape maturation (3)
Slower berry maturation (Lower temperatures)
Higher concentrations in AC
Higher amount of phenolic compounds (light intensity)
Describe the pro’s (2) and con’s (3) of having a vineyard on a slope
+ Optimal angle for incoming sunlight
+ Less frost risk
- More erosion risk
- Less options for mechanical work
- More run off water due to lower infiltration rate
Name 3 different ways for a winemaker to have influence on the climate conditions at spatial field level (in terms of vineyard design)
Row orientation
Density
Trainingssystem (&trunk height)
What are the 3 pillars for ‘terroir’ wine
Concept of origin
Limited quantities
Traceability
What is the result of water deficit (plant/grape) (4)
Early shoot growth
Reduced berry size
Low malate (?)
High anthocyanin
The uptake of N from the soil is depending on which 5 parameters?
OM and C/N ratio
Soil temperature
Soil aeration
Ph
Soil moisture content
What is the result of low N for white wines?
Decrease in aromatic expression
What is the best window to harvest all around the northern hemisphere?
Between 10 September and 10 october
Which 3 points are critical in order to maximise terroir expression?
Timing of ripeness (variety)
Managing water status (rootstock and variety)
Managing nitrogen status (fertilisation and vineyard floor management)
What influence has a shallow topsoil on the vine growth cycle?
A shallow topsoil will warm up quicker and will provoke early budbreak.
Explain the role of microbes in the soil
Microbes will consume organic material and spread N as result. This is essential for the vine
Explain if you have deep or shallow rooting in poor or fertile soils
Poor: deep rooting (roots searching for nutriments)
Fertile: shallow rooting (roots are lazy, if they can find nutriments close they will not search any further)
How long will veraison take approximately?
Around 3 weeks
There can be 3-4 days difference between berry softening and color change
Where stand the letters OAEBCR for in a soil disection graph?
O: Organic/humus
A: Topsoil
E: Elevated horizon
B: Subsoil
C: Parent material
R: Bedrock
What are sedimentary rocks? And what is lithification?
Rocks that are formed through the gradual accumulation of sediments (riverbeds etc). When sediment over time turns into rock the process is called lithification
What are igneous rocks?
Rock that originate from crystallised from of melt or magma
