TERNAV (MIDTERM) Flashcards
This catalog is a fully comprehensive reference in graphical and textual form detailing the worldwide inventory of all Admiralty Charts and Publications available for purchase.
Chart catalogue
catalogue is revised and republished on
1st December every year.
is supplied with each copy to bring the catalogue up to date for changes occurring during production.
loose addendum
. The size of the majority of Admiralty charts is about _, measured between the inner neat-line; these charts are sold _.
980 x 640 mm. single-folded
requires all ship covered by convention, to carry and update the latest editions of NavigationCharts and Publications
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea(SOLAS)
provides a range of update services for paper and electronic products designed to meet these regulations.
UKHO
are published weekly and include safety critical and important changes to Admiralty paper Charts and Publications, the text of which enable the chart or publication to be updated by hand
Notices to Mariners
Admiralty Notice to Mariners (NP247) (published in
January each year)
are nautical charts issued by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office and subject toCrown CopyrighT
Admiralty charts
They cover virtually the entire world in various levels of detail depending on the density of hazards and traffics.
Admiralty charts
aims to enhance on-board knowledge of route features and sea conditions and aim to improve decision making for the best routes in any situation.
Admiralty planning
One of the most important characteristics is that an Admiralty chart is continually
updated and corrected
contain all the corrections, alterations and amendments for the UKHO’s worldwide series of Admiralty Charts and Publications. They are published weekly in several formats but best known as the weekly booklets, which are dispatched directly from the UKHO.
Admiralty Notice to Mariners’
who produce nautical publications also provide a system to inform mariners of changes that effect the chart.
Hydrographic officers
provide mariners with important navigational information.
Notices to Mariners (NMs)
NMs contain corrections, alterations, and amendments for Admiralty charts and publications. They provide information on changes to navigational aids, hazards, obstructions, and other updates that may affect safe navigation
Chart updates:
: NMs inform mariners about changes in buoyage systems, including changes in buoy positions, characteristics, and light sequences.
Buoyage changes
NMs may include navigational warnings that alert mariners to temporary or permanent hazards, such as wrecks, shoals, or other dangers to navigation
Navigational warnings:
NMs may provide information about temporary or permanent closures, restrictions, or changes in harbor operations that mariners need to be aware of
Harbor closures and restrictions:
NMs may give prior warning of dredging operations, including areas where vessels need to exercise caution due to dredging activities
Dredging activities:
NMs may provide information about temporary or permanent exclusion zones, such as areas restricted for military exercises, underwater operations, or other activities
Exclusion zones:
NMs help mariners keep their Admiralty charts and publications up to date. They provide the necessary data to maintain the accuracy and reliability of the charts and publications.
Publication maintenance:
NMs can be obtained from authorized sources, such as the UK Hydrographic Office(UKHO) or ADMIRALTY Distributors. They may be available for free download or for purchase as weekly bulletins
Availability:
the only one authorized for chart corrections
0.25 magenta pen,
pencil and eraser
2B
option to mark the corrections positions on the charts.
A screw:
recommended by the ADMIRALTY
7H pencils
(symbols and abbreviations)
NP5011
the chart maintenance catalogue to record all the updates per chart
NP133A,
These are published twice a year in January and JulY
Cumulative List of Notices to mariners
. The main purpose of them is to provide a list of current editions of all Admiralty Charts and the serial numbers of notices affecting them which have been issued in previous two years
Cumulative List of Notices to mariners
A close companion to the Notice to Mariners
Summary of Corrections
The Summary is published in
five volumes.
also includes special charts and publications corrected by the Notice to Mariners.
Volume 5
They are quick and handy references available to determine which all temporary and permanent corrections are applicable to a chart. They also contain summary of corrections to sailing directions
Summary of Corrections
is any sort of marker that guides to mark safe waters and also help mariners in determining their position with respect to land or any navigational hazard or hidden danger.
navigational aid or AtoN or navaid
Traditionally aids to navigation have been physical aids such as
lighthouses, buoys and beacons
As recently as the 1970s there were _ in use around the world.
more than 30 buoyage systems
This caused confusion and accidents and it was after two fatal incidents in the _ that the IALA(International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities) was established
Dover Straits in 1971
IALA A is used by countries in
Africa, most of Asia, Australia, Europe and India
This resulted in the IALA Maritime Buoyage System and by _ there were just 2 systems in use, IALA A and IALA B
1980
IALA B is used by countries in
North, Central and South America, Japan, Korea and the Philippines
indicate the port and starboard sides of navigable channels. These are used in accordance with the direction of buoyage for the region or specific location, as indicated on marine charts.
Lateral marks
In _ new danger marks were introduced
2006
warn of hazards to be avoided such as shallows or rocks. Their markings and shape indicate which side of a buoy a vessel should pass and are placed either to the north, south, east or west of a hazard
Cardinal marks
They are painted in combinations of yellow and black and have two distinct cone shapes on top, arranged in different combinations to help identify them
Cardinal marks
are used to indicate a single hazard, such as a wreck, which has navigable water all around it. Vessels should keep well clear of the mark on all sides.
Isolated danger marks
They are coloured black with red bands and have two black balls above each other on the top of the mark.
Isolated danger marks
indicate there is safe water all around the mark. They are used at the start of a buoyed channel when approaching a harbour from the sea
Safe water marks
They coloured with red and white vertical stripes
Safe water marks
are not intended primarily as navigation marks. They are used to mark the boundaries of areas used for recreation eg water skiing or bathing, as racing marks and also for naval activities such as gunnery ranges.
Special marks
are coloured yellow and can be a variety of shapes
Special marks
were introduced in 2006 and are used as emergency marks for recent wrecks or new hazards which do not appear on nautical charts.
New danger marks
They are coloured with blue and yellow vertical stripes
New danger marks
are written directions that describe the routes to be taken by boats and ships during coastal navigation and port approaches.
Sailing Directions
Sailing Directions (Enroute) publications are a series of _ organized geographically, and include additional information about coastal and port approach not depicted on nautical charts, including winds, weather, tides, currents, ice, dangers, navigational aids, procedures, regulations, and port facilities
37 volumes
are a series of 37 volumes organized geographically, and include additional information about coastal and port approach not depicted on nautical charts, including winds, weather, tides, currents, ice, dangers, navigational aids, procedures, regulations, and port facilities
Sailing Directions (Enroute) publications
These publications also include some images of navigational aids and port facilities, as well as a graphic key to chart coverage of the region
Sailing Directions (Enroute) publications
EAch book provides conversions between
feet, fathoms, and meters
provide essential information to support port entry and coastal navigation for all classes of ships at sea. . Split across _, coverage includes the world’s main commercial shipping routes and ports.
ADMIRALTY Sailing Directions (Pilots) 75 volumes
are written by the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) and convey written information and directions pertaining to various boat and shipping routes, from coastal navigation to port approaches around the world.
ADMIRALTY Sailing Directions
Sailing Directions are typically called
Pilot Books, or just Pilots
typically provide more than traditional Pilot guides, giving you a far more in-depth publication that includes not just pilotage, harbours and approaches but full colour photography and information on the surrounding facilities
ADMIRALTY
also come with high quality diagrams and photography to help bridge crews understand critical information during the passage planning stage.
ADMIRALTY Pilots
are also quick and easy to pick up and refer to. The latest changes and amendments will always be at your fingertips and you can use this new information to enlighten your entire crew as well as yourself during any stage of planning and passage
Sailing Directions
Sailing Directions include details on pilotage, regulations, and navigational hazards for various ports around the world
Port Entry Information:
: These books provide guidance on coastal routes, describing routes for seagoing vessels relative to coastal features They may include information on routes, headlands, landmarks, anchorages, currents, and port entrances
Coastal Navigation
Sailing Directions often provide information on buoyage systems and the meaning of navigational aids such as buoys and beacons
Buoyage:
They may contain general notes on countries, including regulations and procedures that mariners need to be aware of when navigating in specific areas
Regulations:
Sailing Directions provide information on port facilities, including details on berths, anchorages, and services available to vessels
Port Facilities:
: These publications may include information on seasonal currents, which can be crucial for planning safe and efficient voyages
Seasonal Currents
Sailing Directions may provide information on ice conditions and climatic factors that mariners should consider when navigating in certain regions
Ice and Climatic Conditions:
Sailing Directions are designed to supplement and enhance the data shown on nautical charts. They provide additional information that cannot be shown on charts, such as detailed coastal features and navigational guidance .
Supplement to Nautical Charts:
Correction is published in
section IV of weekly notice to mariner.
