Terms To Remember Flashcards
To fully understand diff terms
What is Genetics?
study of heredity and variation
It is the study of heredity and variation
Genetics
It is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring through the reproductive cells, sperms and eggs.
Heredity
what is Heredity???
It is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring through the reproductive cells, sperms and eggs.
Any differences existing between individuals of the same species
Variation
Define:
variation
Any differences existing between individuals of the same species
What are somotic cells? Give some examples
These are body cells which make up the BULK of body.
ex. squamous cells, columnar cells, neurons, blood cells
These are body cells which make up the BULK of body.
Somatic cells
thrombocytes is an example of
somatic cells
orher term for red blood cells
give 2
corpuscles
erythrocytes
these cells transport oxygenated blood
RBC
other term for WBC
leucocytes
they are the soldiers of body bc they fight infection
WBC
important in blood clotting
blood platelets
The reproductive cells
germinal cells or gametes
rod shaped body in the nucleus of eukaryotes and prokayotes that contains the heridatary units or genes
chromosomes
define:
chromososme
rod shaped body in the nucleus of eukaryotes and prokayotes that contains the heridatary units or genes
differentiate eukaryote and prokayotes
P | E
1. SINGLE CELLED | Single celled or multicellular
- almost all have cell walls | none in animals
- mode of division is binary fission | mitosis and meiosis
What is gene?
Genes is a unit of inheritance of heredity
a unit of inheritance of heredity
gene
location of a gene in a chromosome
locus
the 2N number of chromosomes (usually in MITOSIS)8
Diploid
The N number of chrosomosome (IN MEIOSIS)
Haploid
what type of division sa diploid?
Mitosis
what type of division sa haploid?
Meiosis
the first generation of a genetic cross that has 2 generations
F1 generation
2nd generation of a genetic cross
F2 gen
a pair of similar or like genes for any character
homozygous
differentiate homozygous and heterzygous
homo-generation of a genetic cross
hetero- a pair of contrasting traits of 2 kinds of genes
a pair of contrasting traits of 2 kinds of genes
heterozygous
Capital letter
small
dominant-capital
recessive- small
What are the reproductive cells?
sperm and egg
Define:
Genotype
particular genes of an individual that determine specific trait
particular genes of an individual that determine specific trait
GENOTYPE
it is the outward appearance of an organism caused by genetic and enironmentL influences
phenotype
Define
phenotype
it is the outward appearance of an organism caused by genetic and enironmentL influences
A pair of similar or contrasting characters; one of two or more alternative state of a gene.
allele
What is an ALLELE?
A pair of similar or contrasting characters; one of two or more alternative state of a gene.
Hereditary factor that expresses itself when the genotype is heterozygous
Dominant allele
What is Dominant Allele?
Hereditary factor that expresses itself when the genotype is heterozygous
Hereditary factor that expresses itself when the genotype is HOmozygous
Recessive allele
Difference between dominant allele and recessive allele
DA- genotype is heterozygous
RA- g is homozygous
Define:
Hybrid
offspring of two parents that differ in one or more heritable characters
offspring of two parents that differ in one or more heritable characters
Hybrid
Difference between Monohybrid cross and Dihybrid cross
Monohybrid- A cross in which the parent in one pair of alternative characters
Dihybrid cross- the parents diff into two pairs of alternative characters
A cross in which the parent in one pair of alternative characters
monohybrid cross
A cross in which the parents the parents diff into two pairs of alternative characters
Dihybrid cross
A process of testing whether an individual is homozygous or heterozygous.
Test Cross
A pair of chromosomes that have the same shape and contain genes for same traits.
Homologous chromosome
What is Homologous chromosome?
A pair of chromosomes that have the same shape and contain genes for same traits.
a sudden change in the genetic make up
Mutation
what is mutation?
a sudden change in the genetic make up
What is the full name of your prof?
Mrs. Rosario C. Salazar
