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Theory > Terms, Signs And Instruments (Part 1) > Flashcards

Terms, Signs And Instruments (Part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Four families of the orchestra

A

Strings, Woodwind, Brass and Percussion

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2
Q

Strings

A

Instruments with strings that are played with a bow or plucked

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3
Q

Woodwind

A

Instruments that are blown using a reed or a hole in a mouthpiece

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4
Q

Brass

A

Instruments that are blown by vibrating the lips in a mouthpiece

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5
Q

Percussion

A

Instruments that struck

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6
Q

String instruments

A

Violin
Viola
Cello
Double Bass
Harp

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7
Q

Woodwind instruments

A

Piccolo
Flute
Oboe
Cor anglais
Clarinet
Bassoon

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8
Q

Brass instruments

A

Trumpet
Horn
Trombone
Tuba

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9
Q

Percussion instruments

A

Timpani
Tubular Bells
Xylophone
Marimba
Glockenspiel
Vibraphone
Celesta
Side Drum
Bass Drum
Cymbals
Tambourine
Castanets
Tam-tam
Triangle

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10
Q

Harp

A

Plays from music arranged on two staves, like piano music. The strings on the harp are plucked and pedals or levers are used to change the pitch of the strings

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11
Q

Piccolo

A

A small type of flute. It uses treble clef and sounds an octave higher than its written notes

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12
Q

Cor anglais

A

Also know as the English Horn, it is closely related to the oboe. It uses the treble and is a transposing instrument.

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13
Q

Tubular Bells

A

Vertical metal bars struck with one or two small hammers

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14
Q

Xylophone

A

Horizontal wooden bars arranged like a piano keyboard and usually struck with hard beaters

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15
Q

Marimba

A

Like the xylophone, but larger with a more mellow sound - usually struck with soft beaters

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16
Q

Glockenspiel

A

Horizontal metal bars arranged like a piano and struck by beaters

17
Q

Vibraphone

A

Similar to a glockenspiel, it produces a softer sound when the metal bars are struck. It contains a motor to add vibration to the sound

18
Q

Celesta

A

Looks like a piano, but contains metal bars rather than strings. It produces a bell-like sound

19
Q

Tambourine

A

Hit or shaken by the hand, with small cymbal-like discs around its outer edge. Sometimes it has a ‘skin’ or membrane.

20
Q

Castanets

A

Two small discs of wood hit together with the fingers. Originates from Spain

21
Q

Tam-tam

A

A large gong hit with a beater

22
Q

Triangle

A

Triangular metal instrument hit with a metal beater

23
Q

Instruments of definite pitch

A

Instruments that can play specific pitches (eg. C, D, etc.)

24
Q

Instruments of indefinite pitch

A

Instruments that make sounds that are not at specific pitch

25
Q

Definite pitch instruments

A

Timpani
Tubular Bells
Xylophone
Marimba
Glockenspiel
Vibraphone
Celesta

26
Q

Instruments of indefinite pitch

A

Tambourine
Castanets
Tam-tam
Triangle

27
Q

Which instruments use reeds?

A

All Woodwind instruments, with the exception of the flute and piccolo

28
Q

Single reed

A

A very thin piece of wood that vibrates against the instrument’s mouthpiece, used by the clarinet

29
Q

Double reed

A

Two things pieces of wood, bound together, that vibrate against each other to create a sound, used by the oboe, cor anglais and bassoon

30
Q

Transposing instruments

A

Instruments that the sound they make is different from the notes written in their music

31
Q

Transposing instruments

A

Trumpet in B flat - major 2nd lower than written
Clarinet in B flat - major 2nd lower than written
Clarinet in A - minor 3rd lower than written
Horn in F - perfect 5th lower than written
Cor anglais in F - perfect 5th lower than written
Piccolo - octave higher than written
Double bass - octave lower than written

32
Q

Written pitch

A

Notes written in the music

33
Q

Sounding or concert pitch

A

Notes that are produced when they are played

34
Q

Order of range of voice types, highest to lowest

A

Soprano
Mezzo-soprano
Alto
Tenor
Baritone
Bass

35
Q

Open score

A

When the SATB choral music is on four staves, with each part written on its own stave

36
Q

Short stave

A

When the SATB choral music is on two staves, where soprano and alto parts share a treble stave, and tenor and bass parts share a bass stave

37
Q

SATB

A

Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass

Theory (7 decks)

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