Terms & Definitions Lab 2

Question 1

ALKALINE (Basic)

Answer 1

Basic; having a pH greater than 7: will turn a neutral litmus paper blue.

Question 2

ANHYDROUS

Answer 2

“Without water”; all water has been removed from an anhydrous substance (so if it comes in contact with water, it will absorb it quite readily).

Question 3

DRYING (RE)AGENT

Answer 3

An inorganic salt that can form hydrates; they are used to remove small amounts of water that have been absorbed by organic solvents.

Question 4

EMULSION

Answer 4

A finely dispersed suspension of one liquid layer in another which happens when dissolved materials in these liquids cause the mutual solubility of the two layers to increase. It often appears as a “foamy” layer between two normally immiscible liquids.

Question 5

EXTRACTION

Answer 5

A process of removing a desired substance from a solution or solid mixture, based upon differences in solubility.

Question 6

IMMISCIBLE

Answer 6

Substances unable to be blended, usually liquids like oil and water.

Question 7

PERCENTAGE RECOVERY

Answer 7

The final weight of the substance divided by the original weight of the same substance multiplied by 100

Question 8

SUCCESSIVE EXTRACTIONS

Answer 8

Taking your volume of extracting medium, splitting it into several portions and adding each portion to a separatory funnel containing an immiscible solvent, mixing and removing this portion of the extracting medium before adding the next portion. This ensures getting the “best” possible separation of the components in a mixture.

Question 9

SUCCESSIVE WASHES

Answer 9

A series of washes of either a solid or liquid sample, in which each individual wash is removed from the system before the next one is added. Washes remove undesirable products.