Terms/Definitions- Glands

Question 1

Unicellular

Answer 1

single cells that secrete product directly from the cell, ex.- Goblet cells; can use paracrine signaling (affects local tissue) or is carried away by the blood stream

Question 2

Multicellular

Answer 2

contains multiple secretory cells, ex.- sweat glands/pancreas; parenchyma- functional cells of the gland, stroma- supporting connective tissue

Question 3

Endocrine

Answer 3

secretes product directly into the blood, no duct system, ex.- thyroid/pancreas (ilets of langerhaans) /adrenal

Question 4

Exocrine

Answer 4

has duct lined by epithelium, duct structure can be simple (no branches) or compound (branched): ex.- pancreas/sebaceous gland

Question 5

Simple

Answer 5

unbranched duct system

Question 6

Compound

Answer 6

branching duct system

Question 7

Tubular

Answer 7

simple

Question 8

Acinar

Answer 8

forms sacs, has a lumen, creates a circle around a small hole, compound structure

Question 9

Alveolar

Answer 9

larger sac-like structures; ex.- mammary glands

Question 10

Serous product

Answer 10

watery, rich in protein, basophilic cytoplasm due to high concentration of ER, nucleus is usually basally located and round

Question 11

Mucous product

Answer 11

viscous, rich in carbohydrates, light staining cytoplasm due to accumulation of mucous prior to secretion, nucleus is basally located but more flattened

Question 12

Mixed

Answer 12

glands having both serous and mucous cells in their secretory units

Question 13

Merocrine

Answer 13

cell product is secreted via exocytosis, cell stays intact, most common mode of secretion; ex.- salivary gland, pancreas ( both the exocrine and endocrine glands)

Question 14

Apocrine

Answer 14

a portion of the cell is lost with the secretory product, ex.- mammary gland

Question 15

Holocrine

Answer 15

entire cell is shed during secretion, ex.- sweat gland

Question 16

Glandular cells

Answer 16

vast majority of the cells within the gland, contain the secretory product

Question 17

Reserve cells

Answer 17

small layer of cells on the outside of the gland, have a large amount of mitotic figures, do not contain the secretory product, replace glandular cells when they’re shed

Question 18

Ducts

Answer 18

carry the secretory product away from the gland into the body

Question 19

Goblet cells

Answer 19

unicellular glands that secrete mucus; they are also found in the non-ciliated columnar epithelium lining the digestive tract, where the mucus serves a protective function