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HISTORY FINAL > terms and themes unit 6 > Flashcards

terms and themes unit 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

stern-post rudder

A

invented by the Chinese helped ships to move easier

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2
Q

lateen sail

A

triangular sailallowed ships to moveinvented by muslims

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3
Q

caravel

A

invented by the Portuguese new type of ship sturdy and maneuverable

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4
Q

magnetic compass

A

navigation instrumentinvented by the chinese

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5
Q

astrolobe

A

invented by muslimsenabled mariners to determine their latitude

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6
Q

sextant

A

europeans invented navigation tool

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7
Q

trade winds and westerly winds

A

by studying these Europeans were able to figure out how to sail safely around africa

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8
Q

archipelago

A

small groups of islands

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9
Q

colony

A

distant territories formed/ruled by their empire

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10
Q

portugal

A

first leader in maritime exploration across atlantic

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11
Q

sugar

A

a crop from south-east asia that was very valuable in europe

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12
Q

plantations

A

a large farm where slaves grew sugar

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13
Q

monopoly

A

one rule(r)

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14
Q

Prince Henry the navigator

A

patron of navigation and supported many explotory voyages of west africa in the hopes of entering the gold trade and finding new routes to pepper

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15
Q

Bartolomeu Dias

A

first european to sail to the cape of good hope in 1488

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16
Q

Vasco da Gama

A

in 1498 was the first portuguese/european explorer to sail around the cape of good hope.

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17
Q

Cape of Good Hope

A

southern Africa

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18
Q

Patron

A

a person who gives financial or other support to a person

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19
Q

Trading-post empire

A

an empire where the portugues would seize or build key trading cities and force merchants to stop there and make them pay to trade or even dock

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20
Q

Land-based Empire

A

an empire that is controlled from the land

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21
Q

Safe-conduct passes

A

Forced all merchant ships to purchase in orde to trade safely if one didn’t have the pass, it would result in execution or have their hands cut off and items confiscated

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22
Q

armed trading

A

Portuguese used weapons as means of trade

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23
Q

straits

A

narrow water passages

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24
Q

English and Dutch East India Companies

A

1600’s became the major european force in the indian ocean and china area.

25
Q

Christopher columbus

A

european explorer, found the “new world”

26
Q

King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella

A

the king and queen of Spain who sponsored Christopher colubus’ voyage

27
Q

Reconquista

A

the long, bloody war to reconquer spain from the muslims

28
Q

Caliphate of Cordoba

A

a state established by the Umayyads on the iberian peninsula after their defeat in southern France

29
Q

Inquisition

A

a violent campaign to forcibly convert its large jewish population to christianity.

30
Q

Iberian Peninsula

A

made up of Spain and Portugal

31
Q

Conquistadores

A

conquerors

32
Q

Encomienda

A

the form of slavery the spanish established in the americas where the spanish crown granted conquistadors the right to demand for labor from the natives

33
Q

Tenochtitlan

A

capital of the aztec empire which was very similar to the states of afro-eurasia

34
Q

Hernan Cortez

A

spanish conquistador who arrived in aztec empire in 1519 and succeeded

35
Q

Moctezuma (Montezuma)

A

king of the aztec empire

36
Q

Technological and biological advantages

A

the spainards had so much Technological and biological advantages because the aztec only had wooden sticks and few swords

37
Q

Smallpox

A

the disease the spanish brought over by accident which the natives had no immunity to which decimated their population

38
Q

Immunity

A

resistance against a medical issue

39
Q

Francisco Pizarro

A

the spanish conqueror who conquered the inca

40
Q

Atahualpa

A

inca prince

41
Q

domesticated animals

A

animals that are tamed and made fit for a human environment– feeding, breeding, ect

42
Q

Beasts of burden, draft animals

A

animals used for transporting loads or doing other heavy work

43
Q

cereal crops

A

wheat, barely ect.

44
Q

smallpox

A

a deadly disease spread by Europeans in the americas

45
Q

epidemics

A

huge out break or disease

46
Q

Silver, silver mining

A

very valuable, inca were rich in it and spanish ended up making great wealth from it and sending it back to Spain.

47
Q

Conscript system

A

Spaniards relied on this form of slavery, where natives workers were required to work for a specified time in the mines each year.

48
Q

Sugar

A

the source of wealth that the colonies produced from cash crops

49
Q

Plantation agriculture

A

farming cash crops on plantations

50
Q

Monoculture

A

the cultivation of a single crop in a given area.

51
Q

Debt slavery

A

working to pay off a debt

52
Q

prison slavery

A

working to pay off a crime

53
Q

conscripted labor

A

working as a requirement of the state

54
Q

Chattel slavery

A

extremely brutal form of slavery greatly impacting the lives of african people

55
Q

Raw material

A

material suitable for manufacture or use or finishing

56
Q

manufactured goods

A

roducts that have been made from a raw material, esp as a large-scale operation using machinery

57
Q

Triangle trade

A

the inter dependent cycle of trade across the atlantic

58
Q

Atlantic slave trade

A

the purchasing of slaves captured by african slavers

HISTORY FINAL (5 decks)

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