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Women's Health > Terms and Definitions > Flashcards

Terms and Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Nullipara

A

A woman who has never been pregnant beyond 20 weeks

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2
Q

Gravid

A

The number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome

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3
Q

Para/parity

A

The number of babies born after 20 weeks gestation

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4
Q

G6, P4

A

Gravida 6, Para 4 means pregnant 6 times (includes current) and has previously delivered 4 babies at more than 20 weeks gestation

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5
Q

Grand mulitpara

A

Woman who has delivered 5 or more babies at more than 20 weeks gestation

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6
Q

abortion / miscarriage

A

pregnancy loss before 20 weeks gestation

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7
Q

labour

A

regular painful contractions with cervical change after 20 weeks

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8
Q

LUSCS

A

operative delivery of the baby through an incision in the lower uterine segment

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9
Q

classical c section

A

operative delivery of a baby through a vertical incision in the upper segment of the uterus

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10
Q

hysterotomy

A

operative delivery of the baby through a uterine incision at less than 20 weeks gestation

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11
Q

preterm labour

A

labour at less than 37 weeks

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12
Q

PROM

A

rupture of membranes before onset of labour

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13
Q

PPROM

A

rupture of the membranes before labour at less than 37 weeks gestation

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14
Q

ARM / AROM

A

artifical rupture of the membranes

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15
Q

SROM

A

spontaneous rupture of the membranes

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16
Q

Braxton Hicks contractions

A

painless uteirne contractions in the antenatal period

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17
Q

Naegles rule

A

To estimate probable date of confinement.

Add 9m7d to first day of last menstrual period. Correct if not 28d cycles

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18
Q

First stage of labour

A

From start of labour until full dilation of the cervix

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19
Q

Second stage of labour

A

From full dilation of cervix to delivery of the baby

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20
Q

Third stage of labour

A

From birth of baby until delivery of placenta and membranes

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21
Q

Spurious or false labour

A

uterine contractions which may be regular and painful but are not associated with cervical effacement and dilation

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22
Q

Oxytocic

A

Medication that stimulates contractions of the uterine muscle

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23
Q

Tocolytic

A

Medication to stop uterine contractions

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24
Q

Induction of labour

A

Process causing labour to commence

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25
Q

Augmentation of labour

A

process of stimulating a labour that has already started

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26
Q

placenta praevia

A

placenta that approaches or covers the internal cervical os in late second or third trimester

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27
Q

vasa praevia

A

fetal vessels lying in the membranes in front of the presenting part

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28
Q

antepartum haemorrhage

A

bleeding >5ml from the vagina after 20 weeks gestation

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29
Q

abruption

A

separation of the placenta from the uterus in the antenatal or intrapartum period

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30
Q

post partum haemorrhage

A

vaginal bleeding of more than 500mL in the first 24h after delivery

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31
Q

secondary post partum haemorrhage

A

vaginal bleeding of more than 500mL more than 24h after delivery

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32
Q

placenta accreta

A

placenta that invades the myometrium

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33
Q

uterine atony

A

abnormal relaxation of the uterus after delivery, usually causing bleeding

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34
Q

isoimmunisation

A

blood group antibodies cross the placenta resulting in haemolysis of foetal red blood cells. Abs include D, c, K (Kell), Kidd, Duffy etc

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35
Q

CTG

A

cardiotocograph

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36
Q

neonatal death

A

a liveborn infant who dies within 28 days of birth of at least 20 weeks gestation or weighing >400g if gestation is unknown

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37
Q

stillbirth

A

an infant born after 20 weeks gestation (or >400g if gestation unknown) who did not show any signs of life after birth

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38
Q

perinatal mortality rate

A

the number of stillbirths plus neonatal deaths per 1000 births

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39
Q

maternal death

A

the death of a woman while pregnant (irrespective of the gestation) or within 42 days of the conclusion of the pregnancy irrespective of the cause of death or gestation at delivery

40
Q

maternal mortality rate

A

number of maternal deaths per 100 000 live births

41
Q

infant death

A

death of an infant between 29 days and 1 year of life

42
Q

station

A

the level of descent of the presenting part relative to the pelvic brim or symphysis on abdominal palpation, or to the ischial spines on vaginal examination

43
Q

lie

A

the relationship between the long axis of the foetus and the long axis of the uterus e.g. longitudinal, oblique, transverse

44
Q

Position

A

The relationship of a defined area on the presenting part (the ‘denominator’) to the
mother’s pelvis. In a cephalic presentation, the denominator is the occiput, thus the fetal position is described as occipito-anterior (OA), occipito-posterior (OP), left or right
occipito-transverse (L/ROT). In a breech presentation, the denominator is the sacrum (SA, SP, ST).

45
Q

Presentation

A

the part of the foetus which is presenting e.g. vertex, breech

46
Q

asynclitisim

A

side to side tilt of the foetal head

47
Q

caput

A

oedema from obstructed venous return in the foetal scalp caused by pressure of the head against the cervix

48
Q

cervical incompetence

A

painless cervical dilation in the second trimester causing preterm labour

49
Q

cord prolapse

A

cord is alongside or below the presenting part in the presence of rupture membranes

50
Q

episiotomy

A

surgical incision of the perineum during the second stage of labour

51
Q

third degree tear

A

perineal trauma which involves the vaginal mucosa, perineal muscles and external anal sphincter

52
Q

second degree tear

A

perineal trauma which involves the vaginal mucosa and perineal muscles

53
Q

lochia

A

vaginal discharge during the puerperium

54
Q

oligohydramnios

A

reduced amniotic fluid

55
Q

polyhydramnios

A

excess amniotic fluid

56
Q

pre eclampsia

A

HTN and proteinuria in pregnancy

57
Q

eclampsia

A

a seizure in the clinical setting of pre eclampsia

58
Q

amniocentesis

A

sampling of amniotic fluid using a needle through the abdominal wall of the woman

59
Q

CVS

A

sampling of the placenta using a needle under US guidance

60
Q

external cephalic version

A

turning a breech baby to cephalic presentation through the maternal abdominal wall

61
Q

retained placenta

A

placenta still in utero 1 hour after delivery of the baby

62
Q

precipitate labour

A

labour less than 4h duration

63
Q

shoulder dystocia

A

difficulty delivery the shoulders after delivery of the foetal head

64
Q

puerperium

A

6 weeks following delivery

65
Q

quickening

A

maternal perception of foetal movements

66
Q

restitution

A

rotation of the foetal head after delivery to align with the back and shoulders

67
Q

show

A

discharge of blood and mucous from the vagina in early labour or days preceding labour

68
Q

phototherapy

A

use of standard fluorescent white or blue light therapy to photoisomerise bilirubin to allow for its excretion

69
Q

exchange transfusion

A

procedure to treat severe newborn pathological jaundice in which blood is removed and replaced with donor blood. Removes bilirubin and also Abs that have been causing haemolysis and jaundice

70
Q

Low birthweight baby

A
71
Q

VLB

A
72
Q

Neonatal respiratory distress

A

Tachypnoea, increased effort of breaking, noisy breathing and central cyanosis

73
Q

Caesarean hysterectomy

A

Laparotomy at which the contents of the gravid uterus are delivered, then the uterus is excised e.g. due to placenta accreta

74
Q

Perimortem CS

A

C section performed on a moribund or dead woman with a view to preserving her life

75
Q

AUB

A

abnormal uterine bleeding. overarching term for disturbed menstrual bleeding which includes bleeding that is abnormally heavy or abnormal in timing

76
Q

primary amenorrhoea

A

absence of periods ever

77
Q

secondary amenorrhoea

A

absence of periods for a six month period

78
Q

intermenstrual bleeding

A

bleeding episodes between normally times menstrual periods that are either random or follow a cyclical pattern

79
Q

irregular menstrual bleeding

A

unpredictable onset of menses with cycle variations of >20days over a period of 1 year

80
Q

prolonged menstrual bleedign

A

menstrual bleeding lasting >8d on a regular basis

81
Q

acute AUB

A

an episode of heavy bleeding that in the clinician’s opinion, is sufficiently heaving to require immediate treatment to prevent further blood loss

82
Q

chronic AUB

A

bleeding from the uterine corpus that is abnormal in volume, duration and or frequency and has been present for most of the past 6 months

83
Q

heavy menstrual bleeding (replaces menorrhagia)

A

excessiv emenstrual loss that interferes with a woman’s physical, emotional, social and material quality of life, occurring alone or with other symptoms. Includes bleeding deemed excessive by the patient regardless of its characteristics

84
Q

dysmenorrhoea

A

pelvic pain during menstruation

85
Q

dyspareunia

A

pain with sexual intercourse

86
Q

cervical excitation

A

pain felt by the woman when her cervix is moved during vaginal examination, typically from free blood in the peritoneal cavity

87
Q

cervical ectropion

A

the endocervical columnar epithelium protrudes through the external os of the cervix and onto the vaginal portion of the cervix

88
Q

infertility

A

failure of a couple to conceive after 1 year

89
Q

endometriosis

A

endometrial tissue outside the uterus, most commonly on pelvic peritoneal surfaces

90
Q

adenomyosis

A

occurrence of endometrial tissue within the myometrium

91
Q

PID

A

infection of uterus, fallopian tubes or pelvis

92
Q

menopause

A

final menstrual period

93
Q

premature menopause

A

menopause occurring before 40y of age

94
Q

climacteric / perimenopuase

A

period when ovarian function declines and menstrual symptoms appear

95
Q

post menopause

A

time after menopause

96
Q

lactational amenorrhoea method

A

effective contraception provided when a woman is fully breast feeding a baby less than 6 months of age and has no return of menses

Women's Health (39 decks)

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