Terminology And Causal Factors

Question 1

2 speech disorders may arise?

Answer 1

Speech motor control

Language knowledge

Question 2

Language’s 4 rules

Answer 2

Pragmatics
Syntax
Semantics
Phonology

Question 3

What is pragmatics

Answer 3

Social skills
Eye contact
Proximity
Appropriateness

Question 4

What is syntax?

Answer 4

Grammar

Question 5

Semantics

Answer 5

Use of vocabulary

Question 6

Phonology

Answer 6

The study of speech sounds, speech patterns, and the rules to create words with those sounds

Question 7

Define phonetics

Answer 7

Study of speech sounds and their production and acoustic properties and written symbols

Question 8

Define Articulation

Answer 8

Actions of organs that produce speech

Question 9

Define phoneme

Answer 9

Smallest unit of sound that affects meaning

46 phonemes

Question 10

Define allophone

Answer 10

Variations of a phoneme

Question 11

Define diphthong

Answer 11

Combination of two pure vowels made by a glide

Question 12

Define phonological rules

Answer 12

Dictate how sounds can be combined

Question 13

Phonological process

Answer 13

A technique used by children to simplify speech when attempting to produce it. Naturally disappears with age

Question 14

4 simplication processes

Answer 14

Omission
Assimilation
Vowel reduction
Syllable reduction

Question 15

Define omission

Answer 15

Leaving out phonemes in words

Question 16

Define assimilation

Answer 16

What a phoneme is changed to match another phoneme

Question 17

Define vowel reduction

Answer 17

Unstressed vowels become lax and centralized moving towards the Schwanemann

Question 18

Define syllable reduction

Answer 18

When vowel reduction is carried even further, the vowel may be lost and the syllable disappear

Question 19

9 PHYSICAL causal factors in articulation disorders

Answer 19

Cleft
Hearing loss 
Enlarged tongue
High vaulted palate 
Short lingual frenulum 
Teeth 
Respiration 
Gender

Question 20

3 GENETIC causal factors in articulation disorders

Answer 20

Down syndrome
Other syndromes
Mental retardation

Question 21

3 ENVIRONMENTAL causal factors in articulation disorders

Answer 21

Abuse/neglect
Inaccurate speech models
Socioeconomic status

Question 22

5 NEUROLOGICAL INJURIES in articulation disorder

Answer 22

Cerebral palsy 
Cerebral Vascular Accident (Stroke)
Trauma at birth or uterus
TBI
Diminished oral motor skill

Question 23

6 causal factors in articulation disorders

Answer 23

Physical 
Genetic
Environmental 
Drugs 
Neurological Injuries
Injury