Terminology And Causal Factors Flashcards
2 speech disorders may arise?
Speech motor control
Language knowledge
Language’s 4 rules
Pragmatics
Syntax
Semantics
Phonology
What is pragmatics
Social skills
Eye contact
Proximity
Appropriateness
What is syntax?
Grammar
Semantics
Use of vocabulary
Phonology
The study of speech sounds, speech patterns, and the rules to create words with those sounds
Define phonetics
Study of speech sounds and their production and acoustic properties and written symbols
Define Articulation
Actions of organs that produce speech
Define phoneme
Smallest unit of sound that affects meaning
46 phonemes
Define allophone
Variations of a phoneme
Define diphthong
Combination of two pure vowels made by a glide
Define phonological rules
Dictate how sounds can be combined
Phonological process
A technique used by children to simplify speech when attempting to produce it. Naturally disappears with age
4 simplication processes
Omission
Assimilation
Vowel reduction
Syllable reduction
Define omission
Leaving out phonemes in words
Define assimilation
What a phoneme is changed to match another phoneme
Define vowel reduction
Unstressed vowels become lax and centralized moving towards the Schwanemann
Define syllable reduction
When vowel reduction is carried even further, the vowel may be lost and the syllable disappear
9 PHYSICAL causal factors in articulation disorders
Cleft Hearing loss Enlarged tongue High vaulted palate Short lingual frenulum Teeth Respiration Gender
3 GENETIC causal factors in articulation disorders
Down syndrome
Other syndromes
Mental retardation
3 ENVIRONMENTAL causal factors in articulation disorders
Abuse/neglect
Inaccurate speech models
Socioeconomic status
5 NEUROLOGICAL INJURIES in articulation disorder
Cerebral palsy Cerebral Vascular Accident (Stroke) Trauma at birth or uterus TBI Diminished oral motor skill
6 causal factors in articulation disorders
Physical Genetic Environmental Drugs Neurological Injuries Injury
