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Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

isthmus

A

connection of two regions or structures

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2
Q

isthmus, thyroid

A

tissue connection between right and left thyroid lobes

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3
Q

isthmusectomy

A

surgical removal of the isthmus

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4
Q

contralateral

A

affecting the opposite side

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5
Q

thyroidectomy

A

surgical removal of the thyroid

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6
Q

thyroglossal duct

A

develops in teh embryo stage after the formation of the thyroid gland

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7
Q

thymectomy

A

surgical removal of the thymus

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8
Q

adrenal

A

glands located on the top of the kidneys that prodcue steroid hormones

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9
Q

thyroid

A

part of the endocrine system, a gland that produces hormones that regulates metabolism

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10
Q

thymus

A

produces hormones important to the immune response

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11
Q

parathyroid

A

produces a hormone to mobilize calcium from the bones to the blood

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12
Q

cranium

A

part of the skeleton that encloses the brain

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13
Q

skull

A

entire skeletal framework of the head

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14
Q

sterotaxis

A

method of identifying a specific area or point in the brain

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15
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical excision of the lamina

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16
Q

somatic nerve

A

sensory or motor nerve

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17
Q

sympathetic nerve

A

part of the peripheral nervous system that controls automatic body function, activated under stress

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18
Q

peripheral nerves

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves, 31 pairs of spinal nerves, and autonomic nervous system, connects peripheral receptors to the brain and spinal cord

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19
Q

shunt

A

divert or make an artificial passage

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20
Q

central nervous system

A

brain and spinal cord

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21
Q

vulva

A

external femal genitalia, including labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, and vaginal opening

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22
Q

perineum

A

area between the vulva and anus

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23
Q

introitus

A

opening or entrnance to the vagina

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24
Q

vagina

A

canal from the external female genitalia to the uterus

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25
Q

cervix uteri

A

rounded, cone-shaped neck of the uterus, part of it protruding into the vagina

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26
Q

corpus uteri

A

uterus

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27
Q

oviduct

A

fallopian tube

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28
Q

salpingo-

A

tube

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29
Q

oophor-

A

ovary

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30
Q

curettage

A

scraping of a cavity using a spoon-shaped instrument

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31
Q

dilation

A

expansion

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32
Q

cystocele

A

herniation of the bladder into the vagina

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33
Q

rectocele

A

herniation of the rectal wall through the posterior wall of the vagina

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34
Q

antepartum

A

before childbirth

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35
Q

postpartum

A

after childbirth

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36
Q

abortion

A

termination of pregnancy

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37
Q

delivery

A

chldbirth

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38
Q

cesarean

A

surgical opening through abdominal wall for delivery

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39
Q

ectopic

A

pregnancy outside the uterus (e.g. in the fallopian tube )

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40
Q

version

A

turning of the fetus from a presentation other than cephalic (head down) to cephalic for ease of birth

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41
Q

amniocentesis

A

percutaneous aspiration of amniotic fluid

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42
Q

cordocentesis

A

procedure to obtain a fetal blood sample, also called a percutaneous umbilical blood sampling

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43
Q

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

A

biopsy of the outermost part of the placenta

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44
Q

salpingectomy

A

surgical removal of a fallopian tube

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45
Q

oophorectomy

A

surgical removal of ovary

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46
Q

hysterectomy

A

surgical removal of the uterus

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47
Q

tocolysis

A

repression of uterine contractions

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48
Q

VBAC

A

vaginal delivery after previous cesarean delivery

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49
Q

colpotomy

A

incision into the vagina to gain access tot he pelvic cavity

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50
Q

pessary

A

vaginal support device

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51
Q

colposcope

A

microscope that is used to view the vagina

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52
Q

calculus/calculi

A

concentration of mineral salts, also called a stone

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53
Q

cystolithectomy

A

removal of a calculus from the urinary bladder

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54
Q

cystometrogram (CMG)

A

measurement of the ressures and capacity of the urinary bladder

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55
Q

endopyelotomy

A

use of an endoscope, an incision is made to correct stenosis of the ureteropelvic junction

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56
Q

exstrophy

A

condition in which an organ is turned inside out

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57
Q

nephrectomy

A

kidney removal

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58
Q

fulguration

A

use of electrical current to destroy tissue

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59
Q

kock pouch

A

surgical creation of a urinary bladder from a segment of the ileum

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60
Q

lithotripsy

A

crushing of a gallbladder or urinary bladder stone followed by irrigation to wash the fragment out

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61
Q

marsupialization

A

surgical procedure that creates an open pouch from an internal abscess

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62
Q

nephro-

A

kidney

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63
Q

nephrostomy

A

creation of a channel into the renal pelvis of the kidney

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64
Q

perivesical

A

around the bladder

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65
Q

perirenal

A

around the kidney

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66
Q

pyelo-

A

renal pelvis

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67
Q

pyeloplasty

A

surgical reconstruction of the renal pelvis

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68
Q

pyelostomy

A

surgical creation of an opening into the renal pelvis

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69
Q

renal pelvis

A

funnel-shaped sac in the kidney where urine is received

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70
Q

retroperitoneal

A

behind the sac holding the abdominal organs and viscera (peritoneum)

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71
Q

transureteroureterostomy

A

surgical connection of one ureter tot he other ureter

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72
Q

ureterolithotomy

A

removal of a stone from the ureter

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73
Q

ureterotomy

A

incision into the ureter

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74
Q

urethrocystography

A

radiography of the bladder and urethra

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75
Q

urethrorrhaphy

A

suturing of the urethra

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76
Q

cavernosa-saphenous

A

creation of a connection between the cavity of the penis and a vein

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77
Q

orchiectomy

A

castration

78
Q

hydrocele

A

sac of fluid

79
Q

vasogram

A

recording of the flow in the vas deferens

80
Q

varicocele

A

swelling of a scrotal vein

81
Q

vas deferens

A

tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

82
Q

electrodesiccation

A

destruction of a lesion by the use of electrical current radiated through a needle

83
Q

corpora cavernosa

A

2 cavities of the penis

84
Q

epididymis

A

a tube located on the top of the testes that stores sperm

85
Q

cavernosography

A

radiographic measurement of a cavity (e.g. the main part of the penis)

86
Q

cavernosometry

A

measurements of the pressure in a cavity (e.g. penis)

87
Q

plethysmography

A

determining the changes in volume of an organ part or body

88
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital deformity of the urethra in which the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis rather than on the end

89
Q

vesiculectomy

A

excision of a seminal vesicle

90
Q

prostatotomy

A

incision into the prostate

91
Q

lymphadenectomy

A

excision of lymph node(s)

92
Q

priapism

A

painful condition in which the penis is constantly erect

93
Q

chordee

A

condition resulting in the penis being bent downward

94
Q

urethroplasty

A

surgical repair of the urethra

95
Q

penoscrotal

A

referring tothe penis and scrotum

96
Q

spermatocele

A

cyst filled with spermatozoa

97
Q

tumescence

A

state of being swollen

98
Q

cavernosa-corpus spongiosum shunt

A

creation of a connection between a cavity of the penis and the urethra

99
Q

cavernosa-glans penis fistulization

A

creation of a connection between a cavity of the penis and the glans penis, which overlaps the penis cavity

100
Q

orchiopexy

A

surgical procedure to release undescended testis

101
Q

vasovasostomy

A

reversal of a vasectomy

102
Q

vasovasorrhaphy

A

suturing of the vas deferens

103
Q

epididymectomy

A

surgical removal of the epididymis

104
Q

epididymovasostomy

A

creation of a new connection between the vas deferens and epididymis

105
Q

vasotomy

A

incision in the vas deferens

106
Q

vesiculotomy

A

incision into the seminal vesicle

107
Q

seminal vesicle

A

gland that secretes fluid that ultimately becomes semen

108
Q

tunica vaginalis

A

covering of the testes

109
Q

gloss-

110
Q

gastro-

A

stomach and intestines

111
Q

anastomosis

A

surgical connection of two tubular structures, such as 2 pieces of the intestine

112
Q

hernia

A

organ or tissue protruding through the wall or cavity that usually contains it

113
Q

gastrointestinal

A

pertaining to the stomach and intestine

114
Q

ostomy

A

artificial opening

115
Q

colostomy

A

artificial opening between the colon and the abdominal wall

116
Q

ileostomy

A

artificial opening between the ileum and the abdominal wall

117
Q

jejunostomy

A

artificial opening between the jejunum and the abdominal wall

118
Q

gastrostomy

A

artificial opening between the stomach and the abdominal wall

119
Q

proctosigmoidoscopy

A

endoscopic examination of the entire rectum and sigmoid colon that may include a portion of the descending colon

120
Q

sigmoidoscopy

A

endoscopic examination of the sigmoid colon and rectum

121
Q

colonoscopy

A

endoscopic examination of the entire colon that may include part of the terminal ileum

122
Q

cholangiography

A

radiographic recording of the bile ducts

123
Q

chole-

A

combining form meaning bile

124
Q

hepat-

125
Q

incarcerated

A

regarding hernias, a constricted, irreducible hernia that may cause obstruction of an intestine

126
Q

reducible

A

able to be corrected or put back into a normal position

127
Q

axillary nodes

A

lymph nodes located in the armpit

128
Q

splenectomy

A

excision of the spleen

129
Q

splenoportography

A

radiographic procedure to allow visualization of the splenic and portal veins of the spleen

130
Q

allogenic

A

of the same species, but genetically different

131
Q

thoracic duct

A

collection and distribution point for lymph and the largest lymph vessel located in the chest

132
Q

retroperitoneal

A

behind the sac holding the abdominal organs and viscera (peritoneum)

133
Q

jugular nodes

A

lymph nodes located next to the large vein in the neck

134
Q

cystic hygroma

A

congenital deformity or benign tumor of the lymphatic system

135
Q

cloquet’s node

A

also called a gland, it is the highest of the deep groin lymph nodes

136
Q

inguinofemoral

A

term that refers to the groin and thigh

137
Q

cannulation

A

insertion of a tube into a duct or cavity

138
Q

abscess

A

localization of pus

139
Q

autologous, autogenous

A

from oneself

140
Q

aspiration

A

use of a needle and syringe to withdraw fluid

141
Q

stem cell

A

immature blood cells

142
Q

transplantation

A

grafting of tissue from one source to another

143
Q

lymph node

A

station along the lymphatic system

144
Q

lymphangiotomy

A

incision into a lymphatic vessel

145
Q

lymphadenectomy

A

excision of a lymph node (or nodes)

146
Q

mediastinum

A

the area between the lungs that contains the heart, aorta, trachea, lymph nodes, thymus gland, esophagus, and bronchial tubes

147
Q

diaphragm

A

muscular wall that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

148
Q

mediastinotomy

A

cutting into the mediastinum

149
Q

fundoplasty

A

repair of the bottom of an organ or muscle

150
Q

pyloroplasty

A

incision and repair of the pyloric channel

151
Q

diaphragmatic hernia

A

hernia of the diaphragm

152
Q

mediastinoscopy

A

use of an endoscope inserted through a small incision to view the mediastinum

153
Q

imbrication

A

overlapping

154
Q

transthoracic

A

across the thorax

155
Q

transabdominal

A

across the abdomen

156
Q

paraesophageal hiatus hernia

A

hernia that is near the esophagus

157
Q

gastroplasty

A

muscular wall that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

158
Q

vagotomy

A

surgical separation of the vagus nerve

159
Q

keratoplasty

A

surgical repair of the cornea

160
Q

evisceration

A

pulling the viscera outside the body through an incision

161
Q

enucleation

A

removal of an eye

162
Q

exenteration

A

removal of an organ all in once piece

163
Q

cataract

A

opaque covering on or in the lens

164
Q

sclera

A

white outer portion of the eyeball

165
Q

conjunctiva

A

lining of the eyelids and covering of the sclera

166
Q

uveal

A

vascular tissue of the choroids, ciliary body, and iris

167
Q

tarsorrhaphy

A

suturing together of the eyelids

168
Q

ocular adnexa

A

orbit, extraocular muscles and eyelid

169
Q

-graphy

A

making of a film

170
Q

biometry

A

application of a statistical method to a biologic fact

171
Q

anterior-ventral

A

in front of

172
Q

posterior-dorsal

A

in back of

173
Q

superior

A

toward the head or the upper part of the body, also known as cephalad or cephalic

174
Q

inferior

A

away from the head or the lower part of the body, also known as caudad or caudal

175
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body

176
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline of the body-to the side

177
Q

fluoroscopy

A

procedure for viewing the interior of the body using x-rays and projecting the image onto a television screen

178
Q

MRI

A

procedure that uses nonionizing radiation to view the body in a cross sectional view

179
Q

tomography

A

procedure that allows viewing of a single plane of the body by blurring out all but that particular level

180
Q

xeroradiography

A

photoelectric process of radiographs

181
Q

barium

A

radiographic contrast medium

182
Q

biometry

A

application of a statistical method to a biological fact

183
Q

arthrography

A

radiographic recording of a joint

184
Q

cholangiography

A

radiographic recording of a the bile ducts

185
Q

cystography

A

radiographic recording of a the urinary bladder

186
Q

discography

A

radiographic recording of an intervertebral joint

187
Q

epididymography

A

radiographic recording of the epididymis

188
Q

hysterosalpingography

A

radiographic recording of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes

189
Q

lymphangiography

A

radiographic recording of the lymphatic vessels and nodes

190
Q

myelography

A

radiographic recording of the subarachnoid space of the spine

191
Q

urography/pyelography

A

radiographic recording of the kidneys, renal pelvis, ureters, and bladder

192
Q

venography

A

radiographic recording of the veins and tributaries

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