Terminology

Question 1

Cachexia

Answer 1

wasting of weight and muscle in someone who is not trying to lose weight and is having adequate nutritional intake

(abnormalities in fat and carb metabolism)

Question 2

Prophylaxis

Answer 2

Treatment given or action to prevent disease

Question 3

oedematous

Answer 3

excessive accumulation of serous fluid in intracellular spaces

Question 4

parenchyma

Answer 4

connective tissue and support tissue

Question 5

Sepsis , septic shock

Answer 5

result of infection that is severe enough to damage organs

Septic shock - when infection causes very low blood pressure , chills, cold mentally confused ect.
Treatment - oxygen, IV fluids, antibiotics

Question 6

Oliguria

Answer 6

production of small amounts of urine

Question 7

How to measure JVP

Answer 7

Jugular venous pressure

• Is measuring the external jugular vien
• reflects the pressure changes in the right atrium, in the cardiac cycle
• Jugular venous pressure (JVP) is the vertical height of oscillating column of blood.

pateint in a 45 degree angle, turn head towards other sholder

If this is elevated - Right ventricular failure
Pericardial compression (constriction/tamponade) – little or no pulsations when severe
Tricuspid stenosis
Superior venacava (SVC) obstruction – no pulsations
Circulatory overload
Renal failure
Excessive fluid administration
Atrial septal defect with mitral valve disease

If it is lowered Dehydration, Hypovolemia

Question 8

Dysmenorrhea

Dyspareunia

Answer 8

• painful periods or cramps during menstural period

- painful sexual intercorse

Question 9

seminoma

teratoma

Answer 9

seminoma - Germ cell tumour of the testicles, malignant

teratoma - tumours made up of hair, bones and muscle (can be benign or malignant)

HGC are markers

Question 10

Threatened miscarriage
Inevitable miscarriage
Complete miscarriage
Incomplete miscarriage
Missed miscarriage

Answer 10

Threatened - bleeding in early pregnancy
inevitable - definitely going to happen , open cervix
complete -all pregnancy tissue is expelled
incomplete - not all pregnancy tissue is expelled - need to open cervix up
Missed - most uncommon - pregnancy tissue dies and is not expelled can lead to problems

Question 11

Sensitivitiy

Specificity

Answer 11

Sensitivity - percentage of people that have the disease and test positive

Specificity - percentage of patients without a disease who test negative to a specific test

Question 12

Pre-eclampsia

Answer 12

A potentially dangerous pregnancy complication characterised by high blood pressure.

Pre-eclampsia can often be managed with oral or IV medication until the baby is sufficiently mature to be delivered. This often requires weighing the risks of early delivery versus the risks of continued pre-eclampsia symptoms.

Question 13

Rhinitis

Answer 13

Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, …
-allergic response

Question 14

How do steroids work?

Answer 14

Steroids work by decreasing inflammation and reducing the activity of the immune system. Inflammation is a process in which the body’s white blood cells and chemicals can protect against infection and foreign substances such as bacteria and viruses. … Steroids reduce the production of chemicals that cause inflammation.