terminology Flashcards
What is discourse?
The text’s organisation
(e. g. -introduction and conclusion
- paragraphs
- turn taking
- adjacency pairs)
What are pragmatics?
Underlying meanings or how the text contributes to the meaning
(e. g. -politeness
- sub text
- Grice’s maxims)
Define grammar
rules or structures to create words, phrases or sentences
e.g. sentence types, ellipsis, tense, non-fluency features
Define lexis and semantics
words and their meanings
(e. g. -lexical fields
- colloquial language
- synonyms
- neologisms
- mono/polysyllabic words)
What is phonology?
sounds of words or texts
e.g. accents, rhyming, rhythm, alliteration
Define graphology
the layout of a piece of text
(e. g. -images
- colour
- white spaces
- font
- emboldening)
What do adjectives do?
they provide extra information/detail to nouns
e.g. colours or size
Define collocations
words that you would expect to find with another (association)
NOT A COMPOUD
What is an idiom?
the sentence cannot be understood through the literal definitions or meanings of the words it contains
(e.g. It’s raining cats and dogs)
What is a semantic field?
a semantic field is a range of lexis (words) associated with a particular subject
(e.g. football: goal, net, tackle etc.)
Define pragmatics
the implied/suggested meaning of language in it’s context or the situation. The meaning of it cannot be found in the words themself.
Define synthetic personalisation
addressing a large audience as if you were addressing them individually.
what is a synonym?
words with similar meanings/definitions
what is an antonym?
words with opposite meanings/definitions
e.g. hot - cold
What is an auxiliary verb?
‘helping’ words/verbs that gives detail to the sentence
e.g. it HAS been raining (tense)
what is denotation?
dictionary definitions or the literal definition
what is connotation?
the associated meaning
what is field?
the purpose or subject matter of the text
what is the audience?
the reader/listener/viewer
what is mode?
the medium of discourse
what is function?
the role or purpose of the text
what is context of production and reception?
the setting of writing and the distribution to the reader
what is formality/register?
the level to which a text follows rules or customs
define syntax
a sentence structure
What is syntactical parallelism?
When two sentence structures correspond with one another
What is juxtaposition?
Two things being placed together with contrasting effect
What is semantic derogation?
When a word’s meaning becomes associated with something bad
e.g. bitch used to mean female dog and now it means horrible girl
