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Pathology > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

What is turgor?

A

Rigidity of cells

usually due to absorption of fluids

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2
Q

What is atrophy?

A

decrease in size or weight of cell and organ

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3
Q

What is hypoplasia?

A

Under developed organ

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4
Q

What is aplasia?

A

Defective development of organ/tissue, or defective function

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5
Q

What is agenesis?

A

No organ tissue at all

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6
Q

What is hypertrophy?

A

Increase in size/volume o f cells or organ

No new cells, but existing cells become bigger

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7
Q

What is hyperplasia?

A

Increase in cell number

proliferation and differentiation of cells

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8
Q

What is metaplasia?

A

One adult cell type being replaced by another adult cell type

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9
Q

What is dysplasia?

A

Abnormality in development and growth and differentiation

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10
Q

What is cellular atypia?

A

Structural abnormality in a cell (pathological term)

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11
Q

What is karyolysis?

A

Lysis of the nucleus in necrosis

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12
Q

What is blood stasis?

A

Stoppage or slow down in flow of blood
(Can occur during acute inflammation when proteins are leaving the blood vessels and there is a high concentration of RBC making blood viscous causing flow to slow/stop)

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13
Q

What is transudate?

A

Extravascular fluid with low protein content

–>basically high hydrostatic pressure causes interstitial fluid accumulation

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14
Q

What does purulent mean?

A

Containing/discharging pus

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15
Q

What is a keloid?

A

Excessive deposition of extracellular matrix at wound site

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16
Q

What is thrombosis?

A

Inappropriate clotting

17
Q

What is embolism?

A

Migration of clot (obstructing blood vessels)

18
Q

What is an infarction?

A

Ischemic cell death

19
Q

What is hyperaemia?

A

An increase in blood volume in the tissue
–> An ACTIVE process from arteriolar dilation and increased blood inflow (i.e. at site of inflammation or exercising skeletal muscle)
COLOUR: More red than normal, b/c high oxygenation

20
Q

What is congestion?

A

An increase in blood volume in tissue
–> A PASSIVE process, from impaired outflow of venous blood from a tissue
ex. cardiac failure, locally as consequence of isolated venous obstruction
COLOUR: Cyanotic, blue-red b/c deoxygenated hemoglobin

21
Q

What is neoplasia?

A

Abnormal growth of tissue

–> Mass results in tumor

Pathology (13 decks)

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