Terminology Flashcards
What is gestational age?
time since first day of last menstrual period
Start of gestation occurs 2 weeks before ________.
ovulation
Gestational age vs developmental age
Gestation from start of last period
Developmental from time of implantation - 4 to 6 days after ovulation
Naegele’s Rule for estimated due date
first day of LMP + 7 days - 3 months + 1 year
Example: LMP = April 20, 2015 + 7 days = April 27, 2015 -> - 3 months = January 27, 2015 -> + 1 year = January 27, 2016
What is Gravida?
Gravida = total # of pregnancies regardless of outcome
Nulliparous
never carried pregnancy beyond 20 weeks
Primip or primiparous =
given birth once before
multip or multiparous =
given birth 2 or more times
What is Parity?
pregnancies that were carried to viable gestational age
Sandra is 37 weeks pregnant. She previously delivered a baby boy at 38 weeks gestation and twin girls at 36 weeks. How to record her gravid and para?
G3P2
*twins count as 1 pregnancy and 1 delivery
What is GTPAL system?
Gravida = # of pregnancies
Term births = # of deliveries after 37 weeks
Preterm = # of deliveries between 20-37 weeks
Abortions = # of losses of pre-viable fetus (
40 yo female had 3 pregnancies, one term delivery, no preterm deliveries, one SAB (spontaneous abortion) and one living child. What is GTPAL report?
G3T1P0A1L1
What timeline defines 1st trimester?
0-12 weeks gestational age
Define viability of fetus
potential of fetus to survive outside uterus after birth (natural or induced)
Define “live birth”
Delivery of any infant (regardless of gestational age) that demonstrates evidence of life independent of whether the umbilical cord has been cut or the placenta detached (e.g.: heartbeat, umbilical cord pulsation, voluntary or involuntary movement)
- Does not have to be for certain period of time
Normal term delivery? Preterm?
Normal: 38 to 42 weeks
Preterm: less than 37 weeks
Fundal height
physical exam to determine size of uterus; measured from pubic symphysis to top of uterus
Fundal height at 12 wks, 20 wks, and 36 wks
12 wks above pelvis
20 wks above umbilicus
36 wks xiphoid process
What is macrosomia?
fundal height significantly greater than expectd; large for gestational age
Causes of macrosomia
Multiple pregnancy
Hydatidiform mole
Polyhydramnios
Maternal condition (eg. DM)
Causes of microsomia (SGA)?
Incorrect assessment of age
Fetal growth restriction
Oligohydramnios
Intrauterine fetal demise
Advanced maternal age is defined as ______.
over 35 yo
How is pregnancy diagnosed?
amenorrhea and a positive pregnancy test
can’t dx by symptoms
Chadwick sign
PE finding of pregnancy; congestion and bluish discoloration of vagina and cervix (6-8 wks)
