terminology Flashcards
material verb
AKA dynamic verb.
show events or actions e.g. hit, jump, wash
Relational verbs
identify properties or show states of being e.g. be, appear
Mental verbs
show internal processes such as thinking e.g. think, believe
Verbal verbs
shows processes of speech e.g. say, shout
Primary auxiliary verbs
be, have, do
what do we use the verb ‘to be’ for?
the progressive aspect e.g. is, were
what do we use the verb ‘to have’ for?
perfect tense e.g. have, had
what do we use the verb ‘to do’ for?
negate a sentence and ask questions e.g. don’t, did
Modal auxiliary verbs
shows the attitude of the subject towards the verb e.g. should, shall, can
deontic modal auxiliary verbs
forceful
Epistemic
not forceful
Instrumental power
power of authority
Influential power
power to influence
concrete nouns
objects you can touch
copular verb
links subject to noun e.g. is
transitive verb
have an object
intransitive verb
no object
abstract nouns
ideas/quality/state
countable noun
can be counted
uncountable noun
cant be counted
common noun
name of a thing
proper noun
place/person
collective noun
group
Irregular verb
the base verb has another inflection other than the standard one.
e.g . past tense verbs have ‘-ed’ but i drink = i drank.
Active voice
subject performs the action denoted by the verb e.g. she loved him
Passive voice
subject of the verb receives the action of the verb e.g. he is loved by her.
simple aspect verb
doesn’t have ‘-ing’ ending
Progressive aspect verb
ends in ‘-ing’ - it is a continuous thing
base adjective
key adjective
comparative adjective
e.g. smaller, more awesome
superlative adjective
e.g. smallest, most awesome
attributive adjective
before noun
predicative adjective
after noun
descriptive adjective
describes
What are the 5 adverbs?
Time, place, frequency, degree, manner
adverb of time
e.g. tomorrow, yesterday
adverb of frequency
e.g. sometimes, a lot
adverb of place
e.g. everywhere, here
adverb of degree
e.g. entirely, almost
adverb of manner
e.g. quietly
3 types of personal pronouns
subjective, objective, possessive
subjective personal pronoun
acts as a subject e.g. i, you, he
objective personal pronoun
acts as an object e.g. me, you, her, us
possessive personal pronoun
show possession e.g. mine, yours, theirs
demonstrative pronoun
identifies a noun/pronoun e.g. this, these, that, those
interrogative pronoun
used to ask questions e.g. who, whom, which, what
relative pronoun
links one phrase to another e.g. who, whom, that, which
indefinite pronoun
identifiable but not a specific person/thing e.g. all, another, any, few, nobody
reflexive pronoun
reference back tot the subject e.g. myself, herself, ourselves
complex sentence
a sentence with one independent clause + at least one dependent clause.
e.g. after the movies ended, they went out for ice cream.
Declarative sentence
makes a statement
Compound sentence
has 2 or more co-ordinate independent clauses, often joined with 1 or more conjunctions
e.g. john thought he had a good chance to get the job for it had been a long interview.
Clause of condition
a clause by conjunctions like ‘if’ + ‘unless’ suggesting that something will happen only if certain conditions are met.
e.g. if you rest, you will feel better’
