Terminology

Question 1

What is Sports Medicine?

Answer 1

A multi-disciplinary term encompassing all phases of medical concerns related to sport, exercise, or recreational activity injury

Question 2

why do we apply medical and scientific knowledge?

Answer 2

To prevent, recognize, manage, and rehabilitate injuries related to sport, exercise, or recreational activity

Question 3

list 5 jobs that fall under the sports medicine umbrella

Answer 3

Kinesiologist, athletic trainer, physician, psychologist, nutritionist, coach, physio, dentist, orthopedic surgeon, exercise physiologist, chiro, nurse, athletic director, physical educator

Question 4

what is athletic training?

Answer 4

is a subspecialty of sports medicine that provides an array of healthcare support services for athletes -> provided by athletic trainer

Question 5

list 3 places athletic trainers are found

Answer 5

colleges/universities, secondary schools, professional sports, hospitals, military and law enforcement, industrial and commercial, performing arts

Question 6

define and accident

Answer 6

tried to be preventable
not inherent to the activity
unanticipated
unpredictable

Question 7

define injury

Answer 7

prepared for; preventable
controllable
part of sporting experience
predictable

Question 8

define first aid

Answer 8

deals with accidents
acute accidents
protocol for treatment

Question 9

define sports aid

Answer 9

deals with injuries
chronic injuries
involves treatment and healing

Question 10

what are the 5 roles of an athletic trainer

Answer 10

1. injury and illness prevention/wellness promotion
2. initial examination and assessment
3. immediate and emergency care (EAP)
4. therapeutic intervention
5. health care administration and professional responsibility

Question 11

what are the 3 guiding statements of an AT?

Answer 11

1. prevention is better than a cure
2. never allow minor injuries to become major ones
3. when in doubt, refer

Question 12

define acute injury

Answer 12

pain at rest
pain in diffuse area - will hurt during passive ROM
first 24-72 hours

Question 13

define sub-acute injury

Answer 13

no pain at rest
pain at extreme ROM
referred to after 72 hours

Question 14

define chronic injury

Answer 14

resistive to rehab
produces localized pain with specific activities
after 3-7 days to longer term.

Question 15

define etiology

Answer 15

the cause of the injury
- traumatic
- degenerative (wear/tear)
- overuse/repetitive

Question 16

define symptoms

Answer 16

subjective comments from the athlete
what the athlete tells you
about any sensation experienced different from normal
(ex. pain, weakness)

Question 17

define sign

Answer 17

objective indications can be viewed by the practitioner
what you observe when assessing the athlete
(ex. cut, bruise, swelling)

Question 18

define diagnosis

Answer 18

name of specific injury or condition

Question 19

define prognosis

Answer 19

the projected outcome of the injury

Question 20

define bilateral symmetry

Answer 20

right and left sides are mirror images

Question 21

define surface anatomy

Answer 21

form and marking of the body surface (important for injury assessment

Question 22

define contralateral

Answer 22

on the opposite side

Question 23

define ipsilateral

Answer 23

on the same side

Question 24

define mechanism of injury

Answer 24

manner and location by which excessive forces or stresses are applied to the body, resulting in athletic injury

Question 25

go over directional terms - superior/inferior - proximal/distal - lateral/medial - anterior/posterior // ventral/dorsal - cephalic/caudal

Answer 25

can't add a picture :(((

Question 26

go over the body reference system - sagittal plane - median plane - frontal plane - transverse plane

Answer 26

- sagittal plane (like median plane but doesn't have to go down the direct centre of the body - median plane (goes down the middle of the body separating left and right) - frontal plane (separating the front of the body from the back of the body) - transverse plane (goes through belly button separating torso from legs)

Question 27

for the frontal plane give - joint actions - example exercises - Daily movements

Answer 27

- joint actions ---- abd, add, lateral flexion - example exercises ---- side lunge, shoulder lateral raises - Daily movements ---- side-stepping, reaching sideways

Question 28

for the sagittal plane give - joint actions - example exercises - Daily movements

Answer 28

- joint actions ---- flex, ext, plantar flex, dorsiflexion - example exercises ---- leg extension, forward lunge, biceps curl, triceps extension - Daily movements ---- raising cup to mouth, kicking a ball

Question 29

for the horizontal/transverse plane give - joint actions - example exercises - Daily movements

Answer 29

- joint actions ---- rotation, circumduction, horizontal flex and ext, supination, pronation - example exercises ---- twisted lunge, side plank with rotation - Daily movements ---- getting into car, turning to talk to someone, changing direction

Question 30

what do you do during observation

Answer 30

look for body form - deformity? joint gaps? look for symmetry - hypertrophy? atrophy? swelling? identifying the shape and placement of a bone - as a whole or locating specific bone markings

Question 31

give 3 examples of prominent landmarks

Answer 31

zygomatic bone - patella - calcaneus - iliac crest (ASIS/PSIS), acromion process of scapula

Question 32

movement and joint type of the spine

Answer 32

flex/ext, rotation, lateral flexion --- pivot joint at C1-C2

Question 33

movement and joint type of the shoulders

Answer 33

flex/ext, abd/add, int/ext rot, horizontal abd/add, circumduction --- ball & socket joint

Question 34

movement and joint type of the elbows

Answer 34

flex/ext, pronation/supination --- hinge/pivot joint

Question 35

movement and joint type of the wrists

Answer 35

flex/ext, radial/ulnar deviation --- gliding plane joint

Question 36

movement and joint type of the fingers

Answer 36

flex/ext, abd/add --- hinge joint

Question 37

movement and joint type of the thumb

Answer 37

flex/ext, abd/add, opposition/reposition --- saddle joint

Question 38

movement and joint type of the hips

Answer 38

flex/ext, abd/add, int/ext rotation --- ball and socket joint

Question 39

movement and joint type of the knees

Answer 39

flex/ext, int.ext rotation (when knee flexed) --- hinge and condyloid joint

Question 40

movement and joint type of the ankles

Answer 40

plantar flex/dorsiflexion, inversion/eversion --- hinge joint