Terminology

Question 1

What are the first 2 principles of Cell Theory?

Answer 1

1. All organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. The cell is the structural unit of life

Question 2

What is the 3rd principle of Cell Theory?

Answer 2

Cells can only arise by division from a pre-existing cell.

Question 3

What is the 4th principle of Cell Theory?

Answer 3

Cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA and that information is passed from parent to daughter cell.

Question 4

Cells are (?) (Highly ordered and consistent)

Answer 4

Complex and organized

Question 5

Cells contain (?)
(Cells store, use, and transmit)

Answer 5

Genetic information

Question 6

Cells acquire and use (?)
(Almost all used by life is derived from the sun)

Answer 6

Energy

Question 7

Do cells themselves respond to stimuli?

Answer 7

Yes. Most cells have receptors that allow them to interact with their environment.

Question 8

Do cells evolve?

Answer 8

Yes. All living organisms evolved from a single common ancestral cell and share many common features such as genetic code, membranes, ribos)

Question 9

Cells reproduce by ?

Answer 9

Division

Question 10

What is the main difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells?

Answer 10

Eukaryotes have complex membrane bound organelles.

Question 11

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 11

A chemical bond in which electrons pairs are shared between two atoms (H2O)

Question 12

Polar molecules are (Hydrophilic/hydrophobic)

Answer 12

Hydrophilic. Uneven distribution of charge because the component atoms have different electronegativities.

Question 13

Nonpolar molecules are (Hydrophilic/hydrophobic)

Answer 13

Hydrophobic. Covalent bonds have a nearly symmetric distribution of charge because the component atoms have approx the same electronegativities.

Question 14

What is a noncovalent bond?

Answer 14

A relatively weak chemical bond based on attractive forces between oppositely charged regions (ionic, hydrogen, van Der Waals)

Question 15

What is an ionic bond?

Answer 15

Electrostatic interaction that occurs between groups of opposite charges. (Positively charged protein associating with negatively charged DNA)

Question 16

What is a hydrogen bond?

Answer 16

Electrostatic interaction between hydrogen atom (covalently bound to a more electronegative atom) and a second electronegative atom.

Question 17

What is the Van Der Waals interaction?

Answer 17

A weak attractive force due to transient asymmetries of charge within adjacent atoms or molecules.

Question 18

What is the hydrophobic effect?

Answer 18

The tendency of non polar molecules to aggregate in order to minimize their collective interaction with surrounding polar water molecules